Question 1

What best describes the relationship between cutting down forests and changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Herbivore populations decline in the absence of forests and without their respiration less carbon dioxide is recycled to the atmosphere. 
B)  The carbon dioxide used by the plants for cellular respiration would all be released into the atmosphere at once. 
C)  Trees naturally die and decompose, but when turned into lumber their carbon is prevented from recycling back to the atmosphere. 
D)  In the absence of forest plants there would be less carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere for use during photosynthesis. 
A)  Herbivore populations decline in the absence of forests and without their respiration less carbon dioxide is recycled to the atmosphere. 
B)  The carbon dioxide used by the plants for cellular respiration would all be released into the atmosphere at once. 
C)  Trees naturally die and decompose, but when turned into lumber their carbon is prevented from recycling back to the atmosphere. 
D)  In the absence of forest plants there would be less carbon dioxide removed from the atmosphere for use during photosynthesis. D

Question 2

Which of the following would cause the slowest global change?

Accepted Answer

A)  continental drift 
B)  climate change 
C)  human activity 
D)  volcanic activity 
A)  continental drift 
B)  climate change 
C)  human activity 
D)  volcanic activity A

Question 3

The highest concentrations of environmental pollutants are typically found in the predators at the top of the food web.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

The physical and biotic changes humans make to the land surface of Earth are collectively known as land _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The physical and biotic changes humans make...

Question 5

The carbon that is increasing the levels of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere comes largely from fossil fuels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

All global changes presently observed on Earth are due to human activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Atmospheric scientists anticipate a 3.5°C temperature rise in the next century; if so, what impacts will such change bring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some plant and animal species will migrate to cooler locations while others will become extinct. 
B)  There will be a positive impact on the world's agricultural systems as ocean evaporation and terrestrial rainfall increase. 
C)  Sea levels could rise high enough to improve the ease of navigability and shipping. 
D)  The polar ice caps will increase in size. 
A)  Some plant and animal species will migrate to cooler locations while others will become extinct. 
B)  There will be a positive impact on the world's agricultural systems as ocean evaporation and terrestrial rainfall increase. 
C)  Sea levels could rise high enough to improve the ease of navigability and shipping. 
D)  The polar ice caps will increase in size.

Question 8

What is the main reason that humans acted quickly to ban substances that contribute to the hole in the ozone layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Industries using CFCs anticipated lawsuits and damage awards for ozone destruction unless changes were immediately made. 
B)  The hole in the ozone layer was allowing too many greenhouse gases to escape. 
C)  Ozone depletion and acid rain were shown to be directly linked. 
D)  Educational efforts were able to help people realize the personal impacts of ozone depletion, such as skin cancer, and motivated public sentiment to support a ban. 
A)  Industries using CFCs anticipated lawsuits and damage awards for ozone destruction unless changes were immediately made. 
B)  The hole in the ozone layer was allowing too many greenhouse gases to escape. 
C)  Ozone depletion and acid rain were shown to be directly linked. 
D)  Educational efforts were able to help people realize the personal impacts of ozone depletion, such as skin cancer, and motivated public sentiment to support a ban.

Question 9

Humans are particularly adept at water transformation; current estimates are that human activities have affected nearly _______ percent of the world's rivers

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  40 
C)  70 
D)  100 
A)  10 
B)  40 
C)  70 
D)  100

Question 10

The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is presently approaching values equal to those believed to have existed 420,000 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Humans are changing the way many chemicals _______ through ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans are changing the way many chemicals...

Question 12

One of the major effects of an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in average global temperature. 
B)  cooler average temperatures as carbon dioxide reflects sunlight back into space. 
C)  an acceleration of the depletion of ozone. 
D)  an increase in the pH of oceans and lakes 
A)  an increase in average global temperature. 
B)  cooler average temperatures as carbon dioxide reflects sunlight back into space. 
C)  an acceleration of the depletion of ozone. 
D)  an increase in the pH of oceans and lakes

Question 13

Which of the following cycles appears to make the greatest contribution to climate change?

Accepted Answer

A)  the phosphorus cycle 
B)  the carbon cycle 
C)  the sulfur cycle 
D)  the nitrogen cycle 
A)  the phosphorus cycle 
B)  the carbon cycle 
C)  the sulfur cycle 
D)  the nitrogen cycle

Question 14

Although not directly toxic to living organisms chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have had unanticipated impacts on the atmosphere. The ecological impacts of CFCs will be

Accepted Answer

A)  relatively benign since even as secondary pollutants their toxicity remains low. 
B)  limited to terrestrial ecosystem only. 
C)  limited to high altitude communities where ultraviolet radiation is more intense. 
D)  uniformly serious, with effects experienced in almost all ecosystems and trophic levels. 
A)  relatively benign since even as secondary pollutants their toxicity remains low. 
B)  limited to terrestrial ecosystem only. 
C)  limited to high altitude communities where ultraviolet radiation is more intense. 
D)  uniformly serious, with effects experienced in almost all ecosystems and trophic levels.

Question 15

The industrial production of fertilizers by humans

Accepted Answer

A)  removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. 
B)  is causing a hole in the ozone layer. 
C)  has greatly increased the extent of human participation in the nitrogen cycle. 
D)  reduces the amount of acid rain. 
A)  removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. 
B)  is causing a hole in the ozone layer. 
C)  has greatly increased the extent of human participation in the nitrogen cycle. 
D)  reduces the amount of acid rain.

Question 16

When biologically useable nitrogen is increased in terrestrial communities, net primary productivity usually _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When biologically useable nitrogen is increased in...

Question 17

Which of the following is a source of naturally occurring carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular respiration by living organisms 
B)  the combustion of plant material ignited by lightning 
C)  volcanic eruptions 
D)  all of the above 
A)  cellular respiration by living organisms 
B)  the combustion of plant material ignited by lightning 
C)  volcanic eruptions 
D)  all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following does not represent evidence for global warming?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ten hottest years on record have occurred since 1990. 
B)  In Europe, bird and butterfly species have shifted their ranges northward. 
C)  The hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica has been growing in size. 
D)  Plants in northern latitudes have increased the length of their growing seasons. 
A)  The ten hottest years on record have occurred since 1990. 
B)  In Europe, bird and butterfly species have shifted their ranges northward. 
C)  The hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica has been growing in size. 
D)  Plants in northern latitudes have increased the length of their growing seasons.

Question 19

Humans utilize approximately 15 percent of the world's total net primary production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The single most significant human caused contribution (about 75 percent) to the worldwide increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Accepted Answer

A)  acid rain and the subsequent chemical reactions that release carbon dioxide from the soil. 
B)  nitrogen supplements that accelerate decompositional activity and recycle carbon before it can become sequestered in the soil. 
C)  the burning of fossil fuels and the subsequent emission of carbon dioxide. 
D)  deforestation and the subsequent decline in photosynthesis. 
A)  acid rain and the subsequent chemical reactions that release carbon dioxide from the soil. 
B)  nitrogen supplements that accelerate decompositional activity and recycle carbon before it can become sequestered in the soil. 
C)  the burning of fossil fuels and the subsequent emission of carbon dioxide. 
D)  deforestation and the subsequent decline in photosynthesis.

Exam 38: Global Change

What best describes the relationship between cutting down forests and changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels?

Which of the following would cause the slowest global change?

The highest concentrations of environmental pollutants are typically found in the predators at the top of the food web.

The physical and biotic changes humans make to the land surface of Earth are collectively known as land _______.

The carbon that is increasing the levels of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere comes largely from fossil fuels.

All global changes presently observed on Earth are due to human activity.

Atmospheric scientists anticipate a 3.5°C temperature rise in the next century; if so, what impacts will such change bring?

What is the main reason that humans acted quickly to ban substances that contribute to the hole in the ozone layer?

Humans are particularly adept at water transformation; current estimates are that human activities have affected nearly _______ percent of the world's rivers

The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is presently approaching values equal to those believed to have existed 420,000 years ago.

Humans are changing the way many chemicals _______ through ecosystems.

One of the major effects of an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

Which of the following cycles appears to make the greatest contribution to climate change?

Although not directly toxic to living organisms chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have had unanticipated impacts on the atmosphere. The ecological impacts of CFCs will be

The industrial production of fertilizers by humans

When biologically useable nitrogen is increased in terrestrial communities, net primary productivity usually _______.

Which of the following is a source of naturally occurring carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Which of the following does not represent evidence for global warming?

Humans utilize approximately 15 percent of the world's total net primary production.

The single most significant human caused contribution (about 75 percent) to the worldwide increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is

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