Question 1

When you exercise intensely, your rate of gas exchange rises because

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle contraction requires oxygen to lessen the amount of ATP that is produced. 
B)  the amount of carbon dioxide required for cellular respiration increases. 
C)  the muscle cell mitochondria require more oxygen. 
D)  the surface area-to-volume ratio of the lungs decreases. 
A)  muscle contraction requires oxygen to lessen the amount of ATP that is produced. 
B)  the amount of carbon dioxide required for cellular respiration increases. 
C)  the muscle cell mitochondria require more oxygen. 
D)  the surface area-to-volume ratio of the lungs decreases. C

Question 2

Unlike aquatic organisms, humans have their gas exchange surfaces on the inside rather than the outside. This adaptation evolved to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce water loss during gas exchange. 
B)  allow better uptake of carbon dioxide. 
C)  prevent the loss of oxygen during gas exchange. 
D)  allow more efficient production of carbohydrates. 
A)  reduce water loss during gas exchange. 
B)  allow better uptake of carbon dioxide. 
C)  prevent the loss of oxygen during gas exchange. 
D)  allow more efficient production of carbohydrates. A

Question 3

The human _______ system is used for the internal transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

circulatory

Question 4

At high altitudes you may gasp for air, because

Accepted Answer

A)  the surface area of your lungs will be decreased. 
B)  the amount of hemoglobin in your blood will decrease. 
C)  hemoglobin will not be able to bind to oxygen as well at a higher altitude. 
D)  the amount of oxygen that could diffuse into your blood will be decreased. 
A)  the surface area of your lungs will be decreased. 
B)  the amount of hemoglobin in your blood will decrease. 
C)  hemoglobin will not be able to bind to oxygen as well at a higher altitude. 
D)  the amount of oxygen that could diffuse into your blood will be decreased.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion, but carbon dioxide is moved by active transport. 
B)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and out of cells and alveoli passively by diffusion. 
C)  Carbon dioxide and oxygen are actively transported into and out of blood by diffusion. 
D)  Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion, but in the alveoli it is actively transported. 
A)  Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion, but carbon dioxide is moved by active transport. 
B)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide move into and out of cells and alveoli passively by diffusion. 
C)  Carbon dioxide and oxygen are actively transported into and out of blood by diffusion. 
D)  Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion, but in the alveoli it is actively transported.

Question 6

The higher the gas concentration in the environment relative to the gas concentration inside an organism, the more quickly the gas will passively enter the organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In humans, the equivalent of an insect's tracheoles in terms of size would be ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In humans, the equivalent of an insect's...

Question 8

Air entering the lungs has

Accepted Answer

A)  a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than the air in an alveolus. 
B)  a higher concentration of both carbon dioxide and oxygen than an alveolus. 
C)  a higher concentration of oxygen and a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than in an alveolus. 
D)  a lower concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide equal to the concentrations in an alveolus. 
A)  a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than the air in an alveolus. 
B)  a higher concentration of both carbon dioxide and oxygen than an alveolus. 
C)  a higher concentration of oxygen and a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than in an alveolus. 
D)  a lower concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide equal to the concentrations in an alveolus.

Question 9

The liquid portion of human blood cannot absorb enough oxygen to meet the body's demands. However, _______ in our red blood cells greatly increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of human blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  alveoli 
C)  nodules 
D)  hemoglobin 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  alveoli 
C)  nodules 
D)  hemoglobin

Question 10

One way animals carry large amounts of oxygen to cells is by means of oxygen-binding _______ that bind reversibly to oxygen.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way animals carry large amounts of...

Question 11

A mitochondrion in a cell undergoing cellular respiration would

Accepted Answer

A)  have a higher concentration of oxygen than the surrounding cytosol. 
B)  lose oxygen by diffusion. 
C)  lose carbon dioxide by diffusion. 
D)  gain oxygen by being in direct contact with hemoglobin. 
A)  have a higher concentration of oxygen than the surrounding cytosol. 
B)  lose oxygen by diffusion. 
C)  lose carbon dioxide by diffusion. 
D)  gain oxygen by being in direct contact with hemoglobin.

Question 12

The concentration of oxygen in blood plasma near an alveolus is lowered when

Accepted Answer

A)  nearby red blood cells release carbon dioxide. 
B)  oxygen diffuses into red blood cells and binds to hemoglobin. 
C)  carbon dioxide diffuses into an alveolus. 
D)  oxygen diffuses out into the alveolus. 
A)  nearby red blood cells release carbon dioxide. 
B)  oxygen diffuses into red blood cells and binds to hemoglobin. 
C)  carbon dioxide diffuses into an alveolus. 
D)  oxygen diffuses out into the alveolus.

Question 13

The breaking open of alveoli in people with emphysema decreases their rate of gas exchange because

Accepted Answer

A)  the distance between the air they breath in and the blood is decreased. 
B)  there is less pressure in the lungs to force the oxygen to dissolve in the blood. 
C)  the concentration of oxygen in the lungs becomes much greater than that in the blood. 
D)  their lungs have less surface area available for diffusion. 
A)  the distance between the air they breath in and the blood is decreased. 
B)  there is less pressure in the lungs to force the oxygen to dissolve in the blood. 
C)  the concentration of oxygen in the lungs becomes much greater than that in the blood. 
D)  their lungs have less surface area available for diffusion.

Question 14

_________ is the process of expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs and taking oxygen into the lungs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ is the process of expelling carbon...

Question 15

Where would you expect hemoglobin to release oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  when it is inside an alveolus 
B)  near red blood cells that are undergoing cellular respiration 
C)  at the terminal ends of bronchioles 
D)  near body cells that are undergoing cellular respiration 
A)  when it is inside an alveolus 
B)  near red blood cells that are undergoing cellular respiration 
C)  at the terminal ends of bronchioles 
D)  near body cells that are undergoing cellular respiration

Question 16

The figure below illustrates the inhalation step of gas exchange in humans.
   
In this figure, the diaphragm and the muscle of the ribcage are _________ [relaxed or contracted?].

Accepted Answer

The answer of The figure below illustrates the inhalation step...

Question 17

Air enters the lungs through a pair of tubes known as

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  bronchioles. 
D)  pharynx. 
A)  bronchi. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  bronchioles. 
D)  pharynx.

Question 18

Which of the following responses will not be temporarily expressed by visitors to high altitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased blood flow 
B)  increased concentration of hemoglobin in the blood 
C)  increased heart rate 
D)  increased attraction of hemoglobin to oxygen 
A)  increased blood flow 
B)  increased concentration of hemoglobin in the blood 
C)  increased heart rate 
D)  increased attraction of hemoglobin to oxygen

Question 19

Which of the following statements about oxygen-binding pigments is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They float freely in the liquid portion of human blood. 
B)  They increase the blood's ability to carry oxygen. 
C)  They are made of a complex protein bound to iron atoms. 
D)  They bind reversibly to oxygen. 
A)  They float freely in the liquid portion of human blood. 
B)  They increase the blood's ability to carry oxygen. 
C)  They are made of a complex protein bound to iron atoms. 
D)  They bind reversibly to oxygen.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the environment around a cell performing cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  The concentration of oxygen around the cell is constantly being lowered. 
B)  The concentration of oxygen around the cell causes more carbon dioxide to diffuse out of the cell. 
C)  The release of products of cellular respiration causes oxygen to diffuse into the blood plasma. 
D)  The carbon dioxide concentration outside the cell constantly decreases. 
A)  The concentration of oxygen around the cell is constantly being lowered. 
B)  The concentration of oxygen around the cell causes more carbon dioxide to diffuse out of the cell. 
C)  The release of products of cellular respiration causes oxygen to diffuse into the blood plasma. 
D)  The carbon dioxide concentration outside the cell constantly decreases.

Exam 22: Gas Exchange

When you exercise intensely, your rate of gas exchange rises because

Unlike aquatic organisms, humans have their gas exchange surfaces on the inside rather than the outside. This adaptation evolved to

The human _______ system is used for the internal transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

At high altitudes you may gasp for air, because

Which of the following statements is true?

The higher the gas concentration in the environment relative to the gas concentration inside an organism, the more quickly the gas will passively enter the organism.

In humans, the equivalent of an insect's tracheoles in terms of size would be ___________.

Air entering the lungs has

The liquid portion of human blood cannot absorb enough oxygen to meet the body's demands. However, _______ in our red blood cells greatly increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of human blood.

One way animals carry large amounts of oxygen to cells is by means of oxygen-binding _______ that bind reversibly to oxygen.

A mitochondrion in a cell undergoing cellular respiration would

The concentration of oxygen in blood plasma near an alveolus is lowered when

The breaking open of alveoli in people with emphysema decreases their rate of gas exchange because

_________ is the process of expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs and taking oxygen into the lungs.

Where would you expect hemoglobin to release oxygen?

The figure below illustrates the inhalation step of gas exchange in humans. In this figure, the diaphragm and the muscle of the ribcage are _________ [relaxed or contracted?].

Air enters the lungs through a pair of tubes known as

Which of the following responses will not be temporarily expressed by visitors to high altitudes?

Which of the following statements about oxygen-binding pigments is false?

Which of the following best describes the environment around a cell performing cellular respiration?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

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Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

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