Question 1

The reuse of the same carbon molecules by plants, animals, and their environments through time is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  activation energy. 
B)  a consumption tree. 
C)  carbon cycling. 
D)  the third law of thermodynamics. 
A)  activation energy. 
B)  a consumption tree. 
C)  carbon cycling. 
D)  the third law of thermodynamics. C

Question 2

Enzymes catalyze only anabolic chemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which of the following is either consumed or synthesized in virtually every cellular reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars 
B)  enzymes 
C)  ADP 
D)  ATP 
A)  sugars 
B)  enzymes 
C)  ADP 
D)  ATP D

Question 4

The capture and use of energy by living organisms involves numerous chemical reactions. Together all of these processes are known as _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The capture and use of energy by...

Question 5

An enzyme splits a disaccharide into two sugar monomers. The disaccharide is the _________ of this enzyme.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An enzyme splits a disaccharide into two...

Question 6

In the reaction X + Y → Z, Z is the

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate. 
B)  product. 
C)  enzyme. 
D)  carbon molecule. 
A)  substrate. 
B)  product. 
C)  enzyme. 
D)  carbon molecule.

Question 7

The _______ of an enzyme is an area with a specialized shape and/or set of chemical properties that allows the enzyme to bind with a particular substrate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ of an enzyme is an...

Question 8

The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus. 
B)  environment. 
C)  predators. 
D)  biosynthesis. 
A)  nucleus. 
B)  environment. 
C)  predators. 
D)  biosynthesis.

Question 9

A calorie represents

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of grams of fat in a food product. 
B)  the number of times an enzyme can be reused before it must be replaced. 
C)  the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one degree Celsius. 
D)  the temperature at which a gram of food is completely converted into carbon dioxide. 
A)  the number of grams of fat in a food product. 
B)  the number of times an enzyme can be reused before it must be replaced. 
C)  the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one degree Celsius. 
D)  the temperature at which a gram of food is completely converted into carbon dioxide.

Question 10

You observe that a solution turns from red to green very slowly. If you place a small piece of platinum in the solution, the change occurs much more rapidly, yet the platinum remains unchanged. Which of the following best explains this experimental result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The platinum provided activation energy. 
B)  The platinum is an enzyme. 
C)  The platinum is a catalyst. 
D)  The platinum is an oxidizing agent. 
A)  The platinum provided activation energy. 
B)  The platinum is an enzyme. 
C)  The platinum is a catalyst. 
D)  The platinum is an oxidizing agent.

Question 11

Chemical reactions can occur without the input of any energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the figure below, E1, E2 and E3 represent three enzymes in the membrane of a mitochondrion.  
Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  B is the product of the activity of E2 and the substrate of E3. 
B)  If E2 doesn't function properly, A will not be produced. 
C)  E2 is the product of E1 and the substrate of E3. 
D)  C is the substrate for E1. 
A)  B is the product of the activity of E2 and the substrate of E3. 
B)  If E2 doesn't function properly, A will not be produced. 
C)  E2 is the product of E1 and the substrate of E3. 
D)  C is the substrate for E1.

Question 13

An enzyme and its substrate find each other by

Accepted Answer

A)  chance encounter. 
B)  magnetic attraction. 
C)  catalysis. 
D)  oxidative reactions. 
A)  chance encounter. 
B)  magnetic attraction. 
C)  catalysis. 
D)  oxidative reactions.

Question 14

Catabolic reactions are tightly coupled to _______ reactions that require energy.

Accepted Answer

biosynthet

Question 15

The energy input needed to start a chemical reaction is the _______ energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The energy input needed to start a...

Question 16

A rotted log indicates that the ____________ law of thermodynamics has been operating.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A rotted log indicates that the ____________...

Question 17

When chemical energy is converted into kinetic energy in a biological systems, _____ [more than all, less than all, or all] of the available energy is converted.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When chemical energy is converted into kinetic...

Question 18

Enzymes can catalyze a reaction only

Accepted Answer

A)  if they encounter a molecule of ATP. 
B)  if their active site is sufficiently oxidized. 
C)  if they have both products in their active site at the same time. 
D)  if they encounter a substrate that fits their active site. 
A)  if they encounter a molecule of ATP. 
B)  if their active site is sufficiently oxidized. 
C)  if they have both products in their active site at the same time. 
D)  if they encounter a substrate that fits their active site.

Question 19

In general, smaller animals have

Accepted Answer

A)  longer life spans than larger animals. 
B)  slower metabolic rates than larger animals. 
C)  faster metabolic rates than larger animals. 
D)  the same life spans as larger animals. 
A)  longer life spans than larger animals. 
B)  slower metabolic rates than larger animals. 
C)  faster metabolic rates than larger animals. 
D)  the same life spans as larger animals.

Question 20

Higher metabolic rates may shorten life spans, because

Accepted Answer

A)  enzymes get used up more quickly than the cell can produce them. 
B)  toxic by-products build up quickly and are more likely to damage DNA. 
C)  cells and organs that run faster also wear out faster. 
D)  anabolism outpaces catabolism. 
A)  enzymes get used up more quickly than the cell can produce them. 
B)  toxic by-products build up quickly and are more likely to damage DNA. 
C)  cells and organs that run faster also wear out faster. 
D)  anabolism outpaces catabolism.

Exam 7: Energy and Enzymes

The reuse of the same carbon molecules by plants, animals, and their environments through time is known as

Enzymes catalyze only anabolic chemical reactions.

Which of the following is either consumed or synthesized in virtually every cellular reaction?

The capture and use of energy by living organisms involves numerous chemical reactions. Together all of these processes are known as _______.

An enzyme splits a disaccharide into two sugar monomers. The disaccharide is the _________ of this enzyme.

In the reaction X + Y → Z, Z is the

The _______ of an enzyme is an area with a specialized shape and/or set of chemical properties that allows the enzyme to bind with a particular substrate.

The energy required for life processes must be extracted from an organism's

A calorie represents

You observe that a solution turns from red to green very slowly. If you place a small piece of platinum in the solution, the change occurs much more rapidly, yet the platinum remains unchanged. Which of the following best explains this experimental result?

Chemical reactions can occur without the input of any energy.

In the figure below, E1, E2 and E3 represent three enzymes in the membrane of a mitochondrion. Which of the following is true?

An enzyme and its substrate find each other by

Catabolic reactions are tightly coupled to _______ reactions that require energy.

The energy input needed to start a chemical reaction is the _______ energy.

A rotted log indicates that the ____________ law of thermodynamics has been operating.

When chemical energy is converted into kinetic energy in a biological systems, _____ [more than all, less than all, or all] of the available energy is converted.

Enzymes can catalyze a reaction only

In general, smaller animals have

Higher metabolic rates may shorten life spans, because

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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