Question 1

What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugar 
B)  phosphate 
C)  base 
D)  polymerase 
A)  sugar 
B)  phosphate 
C)  base 
D)  polymerase C

Question 2

Why was the bacterial virus that Hershey and Chase used a good experimental system for determining whether DNA or protein was the molecule of inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus only contained DNA and protein and it was already known that the virus only injected its inheritable material into the cells it infected. 
B)  The DNA portion of the virus that Hershey and Chase used was known to be naturally radioactive, but the protein portion was not radioactive. 
C)  Viruses only reproduce outside of cells so it is easy to isolate their molecule of inheritance. 
D)  The DNA of viruses has a different, easier to visualize, structure than the DNA of humans. 
A)  The virus only contained DNA and protein and it was already known that the virus only injected its inheritable material into the cells it infected. 
B)  The DNA portion of the virus that Hershey and Chase used was known to be naturally radioactive, but the protein portion was not radioactive. 
C)  Viruses only reproduce outside of cells so it is easy to isolate their molecule of inheritance. 
D)  The DNA of viruses has a different, easier to visualize, structure than the DNA of humans. A

Question 3

During DNA replication the enzyme ___________ _____________ builds a new strand of DNA while using the old strand of DNA as a template

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Question 4

DNA consists of two twisted strands of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA consists of two twisted strands of...

Question 5

The figure below shows a short sequence of DNA.  
During DNA replication, the piece of DNA depicted above will produce

Accepted Answer

A)  one single-stranded molecule with the sequence CTAT. 
B)  two single-stranded molecules with the sequence GATA 
C)  one single-stranded molecule with the sequence CTAT and a separate single-stranded molecule with the sequence GATA. 
D)  two double-stranded molecules that look just like the image above. 
A)  one single-stranded molecule with the sequence CTAT. 
B)  two single-stranded molecules with the sequence GATA 
C)  one single-stranded molecule with the sequence CTAT and a separate single-stranded molecule with the sequence GATA. 
D)  two double-stranded molecules that look just like the image above.

Question 6

Griffith's experiments proved that DNA was the genetic material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made up of sugars and _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The backbone of a DNA molecule is...

Question 8

A _______ error occurs when the wrong base is inserted during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _______ error occurs when the wrong...

Question 9

The figure below illustrates an experiment.  
Why does the mouse shown in this experiment die?

Accepted Answer

A)  The strain R bacteria were damaged by mutagens produced during the heating of the strain R bacteria. 
B)  The strain R bacteria were transformed with DNA from the strain S bacteria. 
C)  The mouse was infected with strain S bacteria before the experiment began. 
D)  The material of inheritance in the strain R bacteria was destroyed by heat allowing the strain R bacteria to take over. 
A)  The strain R bacteria were damaged by mutagens produced during the heating of the strain R bacteria. 
B)  The strain R bacteria were transformed with DNA from the strain S bacteria. 
C)  The mouse was infected with strain S bacteria before the experiment began. 
D)  The material of inheritance in the strain R bacteria was destroyed by heat allowing the strain R bacteria to take over.

Question 10

Children may be more susceptible to mutagens because

Accepted Answer

A)  of the higher rates of cell division occurring in their bodies. 
B)  their organs, including the liver, are not fully mature and cannot efficiently remove toxins from the body. 
C)  a child's diet is normally higher in fat and many mutagens are soluble in fat. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  of the higher rates of cell division occurring in their bodies. 
B)  their organs, including the liver, are not fully mature and cannot efficiently remove toxins from the body. 
C)  a child's diet is normally higher in fat and many mutagens are soluble in fat. 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

Once replication in a DNA molecule is complete, each new DNA molecule contains

Accepted Answer

A)  one old strand and one new strand. 
B)  the paired old strands and the paired new strands. 
C)  new DNA polymerase. 
D)  a new sequence of nucleotides. 
A)  one old strand and one new strand. 
B)  the paired old strands and the paired new strands. 
C)  new DNA polymerase. 
D)  a new sequence of nucleotides.

Question 12

The DNA of a rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical known to convert the bond between adenine and thymine to a covalent bond. What would happen to the DNA replication in this cell? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

DNA replication would stop in this cell.

Question 13

To repair DNA, a protein cuts out the damaged section.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

_______ is the change in the genotype of a cell that occurs after exposure to the DNA of another genotype.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ is the change in the genotype...

Question 15

The experiments of Hershey and Chase showed that viruses contain DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The figure below illustrates DNA undergoing replication.  
The region indicated by the arrow in this image represents a

Accepted Answer

A)  single base pair. 
B)  mismatch error. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  transformation. 
A)  single base pair. 
B)  mismatch error. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  transformation.

Question 17

DNA ____________ results in the duplication of a DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of DNA ____________ results in the duplication of...

Question 18

Frederick Griffith's experiments with mice showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  infecting them with a harmless strain of bacteria killed the mice. 
B)  the hereditary material of heat-killed bacteria was destroyed. 
C)  living bacteria could incorporate hereditary material from killed bacteria. 
D)  the mice became resistant to the deadly bacteria. 
A)  infecting them with a harmless strain of bacteria killed the mice. 
B)  the hereditary material of heat-killed bacteria was destroyed. 
C)  living bacteria could incorporate hereditary material from killed bacteria. 
D)  the mice became resistant to the deadly bacteria.

Question 19

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species. This is the basis for

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation. 
B)  protein structure. 
C)  base pairing. 
D)  inherited variation. 
A)  mutation. 
B)  protein structure. 
C)  base pairing. 
D)  inherited variation.

Question 20

Damaged DNA may be repaired by a special class of

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotides. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  deoxyribose molecules. 
D)  phosphate bonds. 
A)  nucleotides. 
B)  proteins. 
C)  deoxyribose molecules. 
D)  phosphate bonds.

Exam 12: DNA

What part of a nucleotide accounts for the genetic variation between individuals?

Why was the bacterial virus that Hershey and Chase used a good experimental system for determining whether DNA or protein was the molecule of inheritance?

During DNA replication the enzyme ___________ _____________ builds a new strand of DNA while using the old strand of DNA as a template

DNA consists of two twisted strands of _______.

The figure below shows a short sequence of DNA. During DNA replication, the piece of DNA depicted above will produce

Griffith's experiments proved that DNA was the genetic material.

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made up of sugars and _______.

A _______ error occurs when the wrong base is inserted during DNA replication.

The figure below illustrates an experiment. Why does the mouse shown in this experiment die?

Children may be more susceptible to mutagens because

Once replication in a DNA molecule is complete, each new DNA molecule contains

The DNA of a rapidly dividing cell is exposed to a chemical known to convert the bond between adenine and thymine to a covalent bond. What would happen to the DNA replication in this cell? Explain your answer.

To repair DNA, a protein cuts out the damaged section.

_______ is the change in the genotype of a cell that occurs after exposure to the DNA of another genotype.

The experiments of Hershey and Chase showed that viruses contain DNA.

The figure below illustrates DNA undergoing replication. The region indicated by the arrow in this image represents a

DNA ____________ results in the duplication of a DNA molecule.

Frederick Griffith's experiments with mice showed that

The sequence of DNA differs among individuals within a species. This is the basis for

Damaged DNA may be repaired by a special class of

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

Filters

During DNA replication the enzyme _ ___ builds a new strand of DNA while using the old strand of DNA as a template