Question 1

Capillaries are generally larger in diameter than veins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The left side of the heart pumps blood

Accepted Answer

A)  directly to the right side of the heart. 
B)  into the systemic system. 
C)  into veins. 
D)  to the lungs. 
A)  directly to the right side of the heart. 
B)  into the systemic system. 
C)  into veins. 
D)  to the lungs. B

Question 3

How does taking a drug like erythropoietin (EPO) benefit an athlete?

Accepted Answer

A)  Since EPO thickens the blood, it forces the heart to work harder. At the time of competition, the heart is then stronger and more efficient at delivering oxygen to the athlete's muscle cells. 
B)  Since EPO increases the ability of mitochondria to make ATP in the absence of oxygen, muscle cells can produce energy even when the athlete is out of breath. 
C)  Since EPO binds to cholesterol and removes it from the body, it cleans the blood vessels. Clear blood vessels mean better blood flow and delivery of oxygen. 
D)  Since EPO increases the number of red blood cells, it increases the amount of oxygen the athlete's blood can carry, and this gives the athlete greater endurance. 
A)  Since EPO thickens the blood, it forces the heart to work harder. At the time of competition, the heart is then stronger and more efficient at delivering oxygen to the athlete's muscle cells. 
B)  Since EPO increases the ability of mitochondria to make ATP in the absence of oxygen, muscle cells can produce energy even when the athlete is out of breath. 
C)  Since EPO binds to cholesterol and removes it from the body, it cleans the blood vessels. Clear blood vessels mean better blood flow and delivery of oxygen. 
D)  Since EPO increases the number of red blood cells, it increases the amount of oxygen the athlete's blood can carry, and this gives the athlete greater endurance. D

Question 4

The wall of the right ventricle of the heart is thinner than that of the left side of the heart because the right ventricle of the heart

Accepted Answer

A)  pumps blood to the body, which requires low pressure to prevent damage to fragile body capillaries. 
B)  pumps blood to the lungs, which are not very far from the heart and, therefore, require less pressure to reach. 
C)  pumps blood to the left ventricle, a very short distance that requires little pressure. 
D)  has a smaller chamber than the left side. The thinner wall provides more space for blood. 
A)  pumps blood to the body, which requires low pressure to prevent damage to fragile body capillaries. 
B)  pumps blood to the lungs, which are not very far from the heart and, therefore, require less pressure to reach. 
C)  pumps blood to the left ventricle, a very short distance that requires little pressure. 
D)  has a smaller chamber than the left side. The thinner wall provides more space for blood.

Question 5

The pulse that can be felt in an artery is actually the

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure due to muscular contractions of the veins. 
B)  pressure due to materials leaving the capillaries. 
C)  backflow of blood in the veins. 
D)  bulging of artery walls due to pressure generated by a contraction of the heart. 
A)  pressure due to muscular contractions of the veins. 
B)  pressure due to materials leaving the capillaries. 
C)  backflow of blood in the veins. 
D)  bulging of artery walls due to pressure generated by a contraction of the heart.

Question 6

Which of the following would have an open circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  a mouse 
B)  a honeybee 
C)  an alligator 
D)  a human 
A)  a mouse 
B)  a honeybee 
C)  an alligator 
D)  a human

Question 7

In the artery leaving the left ventricle, you would expect to find

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygenated blood. 
B)  deoxygenated blood. 
C)  a smaller volume of blood than in any of the other vessels leaving the heart. 
D)  lower systolic pressure than in any of the other vessels leaving the heart. 
A)  oxygenated blood. 
B)  deoxygenated blood. 
C)  a smaller volume of blood than in any of the other vessels leaving the heart. 
D)  lower systolic pressure than in any of the other vessels leaving the heart.

Question 8

For a blood pressure reading of 110/60, the number 60 represents the pressure in the

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries while the left ventricle is refilling. 
B)  arteries while the left ventricle is contracting. 
C)  capillaries while the right ventricle is contracting. 
D)  arteries leading from the right ventricle to the lungs. 
A)  arteries while the left ventricle is refilling. 
B)  arteries while the left ventricle is contracting. 
C)  capillaries while the right ventricle is contracting. 
D)  arteries leading from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 9

Which of the following has the smallest diameter?

Accepted Answer

A)  venule 
B)  capillary 
C)  artery 
D)  arteriole 
A)  venule 
B)  capillary 
C)  artery 
D)  arteriole

Question 10

In human hearts, ventricles receive blood directly from _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In human hearts, ventricles receive blood directly...

Question 11

The structure depicted in the figure below (enlarged to give you a better view) uses muscles to open and close in response to the pull of gravity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Capillary walls are made exclusively of _______ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Capillary walls are made exclusively of _______...

Question 13

Occasionally, babies are born with a tiny hole between their left and right atria. Usually, the hole closes during early childhood, but if not, the child must undergo surgery to close the hole. Why is this hole likely to be a problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  The hole would weaken the muscles in the atria, making it difficult for them to pump blood to the body. 
B)  The hole would allow blood in the left ventricle to be pushed backward into the right atrium rather than being pumped to the body. 
C)  The hole would allow the mixing of oxygenated and nonoxygenated blood, decreasing the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. 
D)  The hole would prevent any blood from reaching the lungs. 
A)  The hole would weaken the muscles in the atria, making it difficult for them to pump blood to the body. 
B)  The hole would allow blood in the left ventricle to be pushed backward into the right atrium rather than being pumped to the body. 
C)  The hole would allow the mixing of oxygenated and nonoxygenated blood, decreasing the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. 
D)  The hole would prevent any blood from reaching the lungs.

Question 14

Aneurysms cause high blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Capillaries are specialized for

Accepted Answer

A)  bulk flow of blood. 
B)  acting as one-way valves. 
C)  supplemental pumping of blood. 
D)  exchange of materials with body cells. 
A)  bulk flow of blood. 
B)  acting as one-way valves. 
C)  supplemental pumping of blood. 
D)  exchange of materials with body cells.

Question 16

"Good" cholesterol is carried in _____-density lipoproteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "Good" cholesterol is carried in _____-density lipoproteins....

Question 17

Which of the following is not an adaptation capillaries have evolved that makes them more efficient at exchanging materials between blood and the adjacent tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  a small surface area-to-volume ratio 
B)  very thin walls 
C)  small diameter 
D)  porous walls 
A)  a small surface area-to-volume ratio 
B)  very thin walls 
C)  small diameter 
D)  porous walls

Question 18

Hypertension causes low blood pressure in the kidneys, which makes it more difficult for the kidneys to perform their function of filtering the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The human circulatory system

Accepted Answer

A)  uses gravity to move blood to tissues. 
B)  connects only to the most vital organs in the body. 
C)  depends on veins to pump the blood through our bodies. 
D)  is considered a closed system. 
A)  uses gravity to move blood to tissues. 
B)  connects only to the most vital organs in the body. 
C)  depends on veins to pump the blood through our bodies. 
D)  is considered a closed system.

Question 20

Each heartbeat we experience lasts a little less than 1 second and consists of a series of events called the _______ cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each heartbeat we experience lasts a little...

Exam 23: The Circulatory System

Capillaries are generally larger in diameter than veins.

The left side of the heart pumps blood

How does taking a drug like erythropoietin (EPO) benefit an athlete?

The wall of the right ventricle of the heart is thinner than that of the left side of the heart because the right ventricle of the heart

The pulse that can be felt in an artery is actually the

Which of the following would have an open circulatory system?

In the artery leaving the left ventricle, you would expect to find

For a blood pressure reading of 110/60, the number 60 represents the pressure in the

Which of the following has the smallest diameter?

In human hearts, ventricles receive blood directly from _____.

The structure depicted in the figure below (enlarged to give you a better view) uses muscles to open and close in response to the pull of gravity.

Capillary walls are made exclusively of _______ cells.

Occasionally, babies are born with a tiny hole between their left and right atria. Usually, the hole closes during early childhood, but if not, the child must undergo surgery to close the hole. Why is this hole likely to be a problem?

Aneurysms cause high blood pressure.

Capillaries are specialized for

"Good" cholesterol is carried in _____-density lipoproteins.

Which of the following is not an adaptation capillaries have evolved that makes them more efficient at exchanging materials between blood and the adjacent tissues?

Hypertension causes low blood pressure in the kidneys, which makes it more difficult for the kidneys to perform their function of filtering the blood.

The human circulatory system

Each heartbeat we experience lasts a little less than 1 second and consists of a series of events called the _______ cycle.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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