Question 1

The enzyme that works well in the acidic environment of the stomach is

Accepted Answer

A)  trypsin. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  rennin. 
A)  trypsin. 
B)  pepsin. 
C)  amylase. 
D)  rennin. B

Question 2

The human liver produces bile, a substance that

Accepted Answer

A)  aids in the absorption of vitamin K. 
B)  allows fats to dissolve more easily in the watery contents of the gut. 
C)  neutralizes the acids produced by pepsin. 
D)  breaks the bonds between amino acids. 
A)  aids in the absorption of vitamin K. 
B)  allows fats to dissolve more easily in the watery contents of the gut. 
C)  neutralizes the acids produced by pepsin. 
D)  breaks the bonds between amino acids. B

Question 3

Not all parts of the food that humans ingest are used by our bodies. Fiber consisting mostly of cellulose, for instance, is excreted without providing nutrition. Which of the following statements explains why fiber is not used as a nutrient in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  The human gut is unable to break it down; thus it cannot be absorbed across the intestinal cells' membranes. 
B)  Fiber is an amino acid but not one of the essential amino acids, so we do not need to absorb it as a nutrient. 
C)  The fiber content of human foods is so low that it is not worthwhile for our bodies to expend energy to extract its nutrients. 
D)  The fiber is digested into such small molecules that they become nutritionally insignificant. 
A)  The human gut is unable to break it down; thus it cannot be absorbed across the intestinal cells' membranes. 
B)  Fiber is an amino acid but not one of the essential amino acids, so we do not need to absorb it as a nutrient. 
C)  The fiber content of human foods is so low that it is not worthwhile for our bodies to expend energy to extract its nutrients. 
D)  The fiber is digested into such small molecules that they become nutritionally insignificant. A

Question 4

Which of the following is not secreted by the mammalian pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)  pepsin 
B)  bicarbonate 
C)  trypsin 
D)  chymotrypsin 
A)  pepsin 
B)  bicarbonate 
C)  trypsin 
D)  chymotrypsin

Question 5

The nutrients in food enter our body by crossing through the epithelial cells lining the _____ intestine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nutrients in food enter our body...

Question 6

The large surface area of a sheep's small intestine allows the sheep to more efficiently absorb amino acids from the food they consume.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The gallbladder

Accepted Answer

A)  stores bile. 
B)  secretes digestive enzymes. 
C)  breaks down fats. 
D)  absorbs fats. 
A)  stores bile. 
B)  secretes digestive enzymes. 
C)  breaks down fats. 
D)  absorbs fats.

Question 8

Vegetarians should be careful to consume a variety of plants to ensure that they obtain all of their essential amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements about human digestion is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  We are able to directly absorb most large nutrient molecules such as starch. 
B)  We must process nutrients in order to absorb them. 
C)  The absorptive surface of our gut lets all materials pass through it into the bloodstream. 
D)  The human gut is able to absorb complex proteins easily. 
A)  We are able to directly absorb most large nutrient molecules such as starch. 
B)  We must process nutrients in order to absorb them. 
C)  The absorptive surface of our gut lets all materials pass through it into the bloodstream. 
D)  The human gut is able to absorb complex proteins easily.

Question 10

Vitamins are an essential source of energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Omnivores eat

Accepted Answer

A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  plants. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  carnivores. 
B)  herbivores. 
C)  plants. 
D)  all of the above

Question 12

Consider the parts of the digestive system, particularly the place where water is removed before feces are excreted. Which organ is the mostly likely to be responsible for a bout of diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)  colon 
B)  anus 
C)  stomach 
D)  esophagus 
A)  colon 
B)  anus 
C)  stomach 
D)  esophagus

Question 13

The main function of enzymes in the human digestive tract is to

Accepted Answer

A)  create the chemical bonds that form complex carbohydrates. 
B)  ensure that fats remain grouped together in large droplets. 
C)  catalyze chemical reactions that break specific chemical bonds in food molecules. 
D)  neutralize the acids produced by the stomach. 
A)  create the chemical bonds that form complex carbohydrates. 
B)  ensure that fats remain grouped together in large droplets. 
C)  catalyze chemical reactions that break specific chemical bonds in food molecules. 
D)  neutralize the acids produced by the stomach.

Question 14

The brush border in the small intestine decreases the amount of surface area available for absorption of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The _______ is the organ that contracts to mix food particles with acid and enzymes, and also holds food until it can pass farther along for continued digestion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ is the organ that contracts...

Question 16

Digestive _______, such as amylase, break specific chemical bonds to help organisms process their food.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Digestive _______, such as amylase, break specific...

Question 17

Humans can synthesize some of the amino acids we need. The ones we must obtain from our food are known as _______ amino acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans can synthesize some of the amino...

Question 18

Although cows are herbivores that specialize in consuming grass, they do not produce the enzyme needed to breakdown the long-chain plant carbohydrate ____________. However, cows do house microorganisms in their guts that can make the enzyme for them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although cows are herbivores that specialize in...

Question 19

The main reason that proteins are an important part of your diet is that they are a source of _________________, the building blocks of the enzymes that run your cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The main reason that proteins are an...

Question 20

Which of the following statements about fat digestion is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fat molecules are too large to cross the gut wall. 
B)  Fats dissolve poorly in the watery mass of food moving through the gut. 
C)  Fats are difficult to absorb. 
D)  Fats cannot be broken down into smaller molecules. 
A)  Fat molecules are too large to cross the gut wall. 
B)  Fats dissolve poorly in the watery mass of food moving through the gut. 
C)  Fats are difficult to absorb. 
D)  Fats cannot be broken down into smaller molecules.

Exam 21: Animal Nutrition and Digestion

The enzyme that works well in the acidic environment of the stomach is

The human liver produces bile, a substance that

Not all parts of the food that humans ingest are used by our bodies. Fiber consisting mostly of cellulose, for instance, is excreted without providing nutrition. Which of the following statements explains why fiber is not used as a nutrient in humans?

Which of the following is not secreted by the mammalian pancreas?

The nutrients in food enter our body by crossing through the epithelial cells lining the _____ intestine.

The large surface area of a sheep's small intestine allows the sheep to more efficiently absorb amino acids from the food they consume.

The gallbladder

Vegetarians should be careful to consume a variety of plants to ensure that they obtain all of their essential amino acids.

Which of the following statements about human digestion is true?

Vitamins are an essential source of energy.

Omnivores eat

Consider the parts of the digestive system, particularly the place where water is removed before feces are excreted. Which organ is the mostly likely to be responsible for a bout of diarrhea?

The main function of enzymes in the human digestive tract is to

The brush border in the small intestine decreases the amount of surface area available for absorption of nutrients.

The _______ is the organ that contracts to mix food particles with acid and enzymes, and also holds food until it can pass farther along for continued digestion.

Digestive _______, such as amylase, break specific chemical bonds to help organisms process their food.

Humans can synthesize some of the amino acids we need. The ones we must obtain from our food are known as _______ amino acids.

Although cows are herbivores that specialize in consuming grass, they do not produce the enzyme needed to breakdown the long-chain plant carbohydrate ____________. However, cows do house microorganisms in their guts that can make the enzyme for them.

The main reason that proteins are an important part of your diet is that they are a source of _________________, the building blocks of the enzymes that run your cells.

Which of the following statements about fat digestion is false?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

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Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

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The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Gas Exchange

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Animal Hormones

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The Biosphere

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Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

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Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

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