Question 1

What is the best way to control your weight and live longer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eat only foods high in protein. 
B)  Become a vegetarian. 
C)  Eat only foods high in carbohydrates. 
D)  Get plenty of exercise. 
A)  Eat only foods high in protein. 
B)  Become a vegetarian. 
C)  Eat only foods high in carbohydrates. 
D)  Get plenty of exercise.

Question 2

Which of the following does not occur in the colon?

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption of minerals 
B)  breakdown of fats and carbohydrates 
C)  absorption of water 
D)  vitamin production by prokaryotic organisms 
A)  absorption of minerals 
B)  breakdown of fats and carbohydrates 
C)  absorption of water 
D)  vitamin production by prokaryotic organisms

Question 3

If you were a bird about to embark on a long migratory journey, which of the following would you want to have stored in large quantities?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins 
A)  sugars 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  vitamins

Question 4

Which of the following reasons best explains why starch molecules must be broken down before they can be absorbed by the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are toxic to the cells of the small intestine. 
B)  They are too large to pass through the plasma membrane of the intestinal cells. 
C)  They must be broken down in order to extract the essential amino acids they contain. 
D)  The cells of the small intestine are much too small to contain them. 
A)  They are toxic to the cells of the small intestine. 
B)  They are too large to pass through the plasma membrane of the intestinal cells. 
C)  They must be broken down in order to extract the essential amino acids they contain. 
D)  The cells of the small intestine are much too small to contain them.

Question 5

The most likely potential problem faced by a person who is following a low-protein diet is the failure to

Accepted Answer

A)  take in enough organic compounds to produce the energy necessary for life functions. 
B)  take in enough essential amino acids. 
C)  take in enough calories to survive. 
D)  make the mineral nutrients necessary to live. 
A)  take in enough organic compounds to produce the energy necessary for life functions. 
B)  take in enough essential amino acids. 
C)  take in enough calories to survive. 
D)  make the mineral nutrients necessary to live.

Question 6

The journey of a potato chip through our digestive tract would be

Accepted Answer

A)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to liver to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
B)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
C)  mouth to stomach to esophagus to pancreas to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
D)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to large intestine to small intestine to anus. 
A)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to liver to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
B)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
C)  mouth to stomach to esophagus to pancreas to small intestine to large intestine to anus. 
D)  mouth to esophagus to stomach to large intestine to small intestine to anus.

Question 7

The liver secretes bile to

Accepted Answer

A)  the pancreas. 
B)  the small intestine. 
C)  the gallbladder. 
D)  the large intestine. 
A)  the pancreas. 
B)  the small intestine. 
C)  the gallbladder. 
D)  the large intestine.

Question 8

Which pair of elements would make up more of your body weight than any of the other pairs below?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium and chlorine 
B)  carbon and oxygen 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium 
D)  potassium and iodine 
A)  sodium and chlorine 
B)  carbon and oxygen 
C)  phosphorus and magnesium 
D)  potassium and iodine

Question 9

In animals the mechanical breakdown of food involves teeth. In birds the mechanical breakdown is accomplished by a _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In animals the mechanical breakdown of food...

Question 10

The function of the esophagus is to

Accepted Answer

A)  break down food physically. 
B)  break down food chemically. 
C)  carry food to the stomach. 
D)  prepare undigested material and waste for disposal. 
A)  break down food physically. 
B)  break down food chemically. 
C)  carry food to the stomach. 
D)  prepare undigested material and waste for disposal.

Question 11

Which of the following would not be found in the lower small intestine?

Accepted Answer

A)  a brush border 
B)  villi 
C)  a large surface area 
D)  a low pH 
A)  a brush border 
B)  villi 
C)  a large surface area 
D)  a low pH

Question 12

Out of the four classes of organic compounds found in organisms, _________ are capable of storing the largest amount of energy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Out of the four classes of organic...

Question 13

Which of the following packs the most calories per gram?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  amino acids 
A)  carbohydrates 
B)  proteins 
C)  fats 
D)  amino acids

Question 14

Which of the following might be true of an omnivore?

Accepted Answer

A)  An omnivore probably has both spiked teeth for tearing and flat teeth for grinding. 
B)  An omnivore probably has a very complex stomach with many different chambers for housing microorganisms that break down cellulose. 
C)  An omnivore probably has a very short intestine since all the foods it consumes are easily absorbed. 
D)  An omnivore probably produces both the enzyme that breaks down cellulose and pepsin. 
A)  An omnivore probably has both spiked teeth for tearing and flat teeth for grinding. 
B)  An omnivore probably has a very complex stomach with many different chambers for housing microorganisms that break down cellulose. 
C)  An omnivore probably has a very short intestine since all the foods it consumes are easily absorbed. 
D)  An omnivore probably produces both the enzyme that breaks down cellulose and pepsin.

Question 15

The eight essential amino acids required by adult humans

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced by the human body. 
B)  can be obtained by eating any one type of vegetable. 
C)  are not found in meat products. 
D)  are used as building blocks for human proteins. 
A)  are produced by the human body. 
B)  can be obtained by eating any one type of vegetable. 
C)  are not found in meat products. 
D)  are used as building blocks for human proteins.

Question 16

Because they are not soluble in water, fats are digested in a different way than proteins and carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

________ are not nutrients, do not provide us with energy, and are required only in small quantities; however, they help to regulate metabolic processes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ are not nutrients, do not provide...

Question 18

Food must be broken down chemically, before nutrients in it can be absorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to seasonal affective disorder, a condition that leads to depression in the winter. Would you expect dark-skinned people to be more or less prone to seasonal affective disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they tend to eat foods that are higher in vitamin D. 
B)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they have evolved enzymes that are more efficient at producing vitamin D. 
C)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder as the pigments in their skin block out the sunlight needed to make vitamin D. 
D)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder because the pigments in their skin allow sunlight to pass and destroy vitamin D that has been obtained through diet. 
A)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they tend to eat foods that are higher in vitamin D. 
B)  Dark-skinned people are probably less likely to have this disorder because they have evolved enzymes that are more efficient at producing vitamin D. 
C)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder as the pigments in their skin block out the sunlight needed to make vitamin D. 
D)  Dark-skinned people are probably more likely to have this disorder because the pigments in their skin allow sunlight to pass and destroy vitamin D that has been obtained through diet.

Question 20

Food passing though our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients in the

Accepted Answer

A)  small intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  colon. 
D)  esophagus. 
A)  small intestine. 
B)  stomach. 
C)  colon. 
D)  esophagus.

Exam 21: Animal Nutrition and Digestion

What is the best way to control your weight and live longer?

Which of the following does not occur in the colon?

If you were a bird about to embark on a long migratory journey, which of the following would you want to have stored in large quantities?

Which of the following reasons best explains why starch molecules must be broken down before they can be absorbed by the small intestine?

The most likely potential problem faced by a person who is following a low-protein diet is the failure to

The journey of a potato chip through our digestive tract would be

The liver secretes bile to

Which pair of elements would make up more of your body weight than any of the other pairs below?

In animals the mechanical breakdown of food involves teeth. In birds the mechanical breakdown is accomplished by a _______.

The function of the esophagus is to

Which of the following would not be found in the lower small intestine?

Out of the four classes of organic compounds found in organisms, _________ are capable of storing the largest amount of energy.

Which of the following packs the most calories per gram?

Which of the following might be true of an omnivore?

The eight essential amino acids required by adult humans

Because they are not soluble in water, fats are digested in a different way than proteins and carbohydrates.

________ are not nutrients, do not provide us with energy, and are required only in small quantities; however, they help to regulate metabolic processes.

Food must be broken down chemically, before nutrients in it can be absorbed.

Low levels of vitamin D have been linked to seasonal affective disorder, a condition that leads to depression in the winter. Would you expect dark-skinned people to be more or less prone to seasonal affective disorder?

Food passing though our digestive tract would contain the fewest nutrients in the

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

Filters