Question 1

When you begin exercising, which of the following does not change?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart rate 
B)  blood volume 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  distribution of blood. 
A)  heart rate 
B)  blood volume 
C)  blood pressure 
D)  distribution of blood.

Question 2

This figure depicts blood pressure in different regions of the body as a result of the contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle.  
The arrow indicates the amount of pressure in the ______________ of the left ventricle.

Accepted Answer

A)  lungs during systole 
B)  systemic arteries near the heart during diastole 
C)  lungs during diastole 
D)  systemic arteries near the heart during systole 
A)  lungs during systole 
B)  systemic arteries near the heart during diastole 
C)  lungs during diastole 
D)  systemic arteries near the heart during systole

Question 3

In the human heart, atria pump blood into

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries. 
B)  veins. 
C)  ventricles. 
D)  lungs. 
A)  arteries. 
B)  veins. 
C)  ventricles. 
D)  lungs.

Question 4

_______ are the vessels that carry blood from the heart for distribution to the body.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are the vessels that carry blood...

Question 5

The drop in blood pressure as the blood progresses through the circulatory system is due to the effect of _______ between flowing blood and the blood vessel walls.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The drop in blood pressure as the...

Question 6

Which of the following is true of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  The liquid portion of blood contains ions, nutrients, and hormones. 
B)  All of the cells found in blood are involved in fighting off infections. 
C)  Red blood cells have two nuclei. 
D)  Only the cellular portion of the blood is important in carrying gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide 
A)  The liquid portion of blood contains ions, nutrients, and hormones. 
B)  All of the cells found in blood are involved in fighting off infections. 
C)  Red blood cells have two nuclei. 
D)  Only the cellular portion of the blood is important in carrying gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 7

Ultimately, the rhythm of the heart is controlled by the nervous system and a variety of signaling compounds like hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An increase in the amount of water in the body can increase the overall volume of the blood causing a health condition known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An increase in the amount of water...

Question 9

Which of the following describes the flow of blood in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart to veins to capillaries to arteries back to heart 
B)  heart to capillaries to veins to arteries back to heart 
C)  heart to arteries to capillaries to veins back to heart 
D)  heart to capillaries to arteries to veins back to heart 
A)  heart to veins to capillaries to arteries back to heart 
B)  heart to capillaries to veins to arteries back to heart 
C)  heart to arteries to capillaries to veins back to heart 
D)  heart to capillaries to arteries to veins back to heart

Question 10

After a physical, your doctor tells you that your high-density lipoproteins are high and your low-density lipoproteins are low. Should you be concerned?

Accepted Answer

A)  No; these results indicate that cholesterol is being removed through your digestive tract rather than being stored in your liver. 
B)  No; these results indicate that excess cholesterol is being efficiently removed from your blood. 
C)  Yes; these results indicate that there is excess cholesterol in your blood, which might be deposited on the lining of your blood vessels. 
D)  Yes; these results indicate that you are not consuming enough cholesterol to maintain the plasma membranes of your cells or produce important hormones. 
A)  No; these results indicate that cholesterol is being removed through your digestive tract rather than being stored in your liver. 
B)  No; these results indicate that excess cholesterol is being efficiently removed from your blood. 
C)  Yes; these results indicate that there is excess cholesterol in your blood, which might be deposited on the lining of your blood vessels. 
D)  Yes; these results indicate that you are not consuming enough cholesterol to maintain the plasma membranes of your cells or produce important hormones.

Question 11

Which of the following describes the flow of blood in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  from lungs to left atrium to left ventricle to body to right atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
B)  from lungs to left ventricle to left atrium to body to right atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
C)  from lungs to right atrium to left ventricle to body to left atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
D)  from lungs to left atrium to right ventricle to body to right atrium to left ventricle to lungs 
A)  from lungs to left atrium to left ventricle to body to right atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
B)  from lungs to left ventricle to left atrium to body to right atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
C)  from lungs to right atrium to left ventricle to body to left atrium to right ventricle to lungs 
D)  from lungs to left atrium to right ventricle to body to right atrium to left ventricle to lungs

Question 12

Which of the following is not a reason that capillaries are highly branched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Branching creates very narrow vessels that only allow one blood cell through at a time. Forcing blood cells into single-file lines ensures that they do not form clots. 
B)  The many branches of capillaries allow the circulatory system to spread out so that no cell in the body is out of range of rapid diffusion from the blood. 
C)  Branching slows down the flow of blood by increasing frictional drag. Slower blood flow allows more time for the exchange of gases and nutrients. 
D)  Branching increases the surface area of the capillaries creating more surface area over which gas and nutrient exchange can occur. 
A)  Branching creates very narrow vessels that only allow one blood cell through at a time. Forcing blood cells into single-file lines ensures that they do not form clots. 
B)  The many branches of capillaries allow the circulatory system to spread out so that no cell in the body is out of range of rapid diffusion from the blood. 
C)  Branching slows down the flow of blood by increasing frictional drag. Slower blood flow allows more time for the exchange of gases and nutrients. 
D)  Branching increases the surface area of the capillaries creating more surface area over which gas and nutrient exchange can occur.

Question 13

When the muscles of the heart relax, the blood flows backward, forcing the ___________ between the chambers to close.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the muscles of the heart relax,...

Question 14

A _________ _________ occurs when the supply of blood to the heart muscle is cut off because the arteries leading to the heart are blocked.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _________ _________ occurs when the supply...

Question 15

Which of the following statements about open circulatory systems is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Animals with open circulatory systems have little control over how the blood circulates. 
B)  Blood contents are distributed less efficiently than in closed circulatory systems. 
C)  Blood makes its way back to the heart through a system of veins. 
D)  The vessels leading from the heart direct blood into the spaces between the organs. 
A)  Animals with open circulatory systems have little control over how the blood circulates. 
B)  Blood contents are distributed less efficiently than in closed circulatory systems. 
C)  Blood makes its way back to the heart through a system of veins. 
D)  The vessels leading from the heart direct blood into the spaces between the organs.

Question 16

Large animals like giraffes require less pressure than smaller animals do to move blood throughout their bodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Excess cholesterol can cause sticky deposits to form on the walls of blood vessels. Why does the presence of these deposits raise the likelihood of a heart attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cholesterol turns into steroid hormones, and the excess hormones stress the heart muscle. 
B)  The cholesterol makes the blood thicker, causing the heart to have to work harder to push it through the vessels. 
C)  The deposits decrease the vessel diameter, thus increasing friction drag and stressing the heart as it pumps the blood. 
D)  The cholesterol cuts off the blood supply to the capillaries, stressing the heart as it tries to force blood into them. 
A)  The cholesterol turns into steroid hormones, and the excess hormones stress the heart muscle. 
B)  The cholesterol makes the blood thicker, causing the heart to have to work harder to push it through the vessels. 
C)  The deposits decrease the vessel diameter, thus increasing friction drag and stressing the heart as it pumps the blood. 
D)  The cholesterol cuts off the blood supply to the capillaries, stressing the heart as it tries to force blood into them.

Question 18

The saliva of leeches contains chemicals that ______ the rate of blood flow and _______ the clotting of blood.

Accepted Answer

increase;

Question 19

The figure below shows how a pacemaker aids in the regulation of a human heart.  
As a result of step 3 in this figure,

Accepted Answer

A)  the atria are in systole. 
B)  the right side of the heart is in diastole. 
C)  both the atria and the ventricles are in systole. 
D)  the ventricles are in systole. 
A)  the atria are in systole. 
B)  the right side of the heart is in diastole. 
C)  both the atria and the ventricles are in systole. 
D)  the ventricles are in systole.

Question 20

Blood reaching the lungs in the pulmonary circuit

Accepted Answer

A)  is rich in oxygen and carries little carbon dioxide. 
B)  is poor in oxygen and carries carbon dioxide from body cells. 
C)  returns to the heart through the systemic circuit. 
D)  returns to the heart through the right atrium. 
A)  is rich in oxygen and carries little carbon dioxide. 
B)  is poor in oxygen and carries carbon dioxide from body cells. 
C)  returns to the heart through the systemic circuit. 
D)  returns to the heart through the right atrium.

Exam 23: The Circulatory System

When you begin exercising, which of the following does not change?

This figure depicts blood pressure in different regions of the body as a result of the contraction and relaxation of the left ventricle. The arrow indicates the amount of pressure in the ______________ of the left ventricle.

In the human heart, atria pump blood into

_______ are the vessels that carry blood from the heart for distribution to the body.

The drop in blood pressure as the blood progresses through the circulatory system is due to the effect of _______ between flowing blood and the blood vessel walls.

Which of the following is true of blood?

Ultimately, the rhythm of the heart is controlled by the nervous system and a variety of signaling compounds like hormones.

An increase in the amount of water in the body can increase the overall volume of the blood causing a health condition known as ___________.

Which of the following describes the flow of blood in humans?

After a physical, your doctor tells you that your high-density lipoproteins are high and your low-density lipoproteins are low. Should you be concerned?

Which of the following describes the flow of blood in humans?

Which of the following is not a reason that capillaries are highly branched?

When the muscles of the heart relax, the blood flows backward, forcing the ___________ between the chambers to close.

A _________ _________ occurs when the supply of blood to the heart muscle is cut off because the arteries leading to the heart are blocked.

Which of the following statements about open circulatory systems is false?

Large animals like giraffes require less pressure than smaller animals do to move blood throughout their bodies.

Excess cholesterol can cause sticky deposits to form on the walls of blood vessels. Why does the presence of these deposits raise the likelihood of a heart attack?

The saliva of leeches contains chemicals that ______ the rate of blood flow and _______ the clotting of blood.

The figure below shows how a pacemaker aids in the regulation of a human heart. As a result of step 3 in this figure,

Blood reaching the lungs in the pulmonary circuit

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

Filters

A _ _ occurs when the supply of blood to the heart muscle is cut off because the arteries leading to the heart are blocked.

The saliva of leeches contains chemicals that the rate of blood flow and _ the clotting of blood.