Question 1

DNA is often damaged or may be replicated incorrectly. Which of the following is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans do not have repair proteins. 
B)  Heat energy can damage DNA. 
C)  DNA can be repaired by proteins. 
D)  The vast majority of DNA damage is fixed. 
A)  Humans do not have repair proteins. 
B)  Heat energy can damage DNA. 
C)  DNA can be repaired by proteins. 
D)  The vast majority of DNA damage is fixed.

Question 2

In Griffith's experiments, transformation occurred when a small piece of

Accepted Answer

A)  protein from the harmful strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmless strain. 
B)  DNA from the harmful strain of bacteria changed the characteristics of the harmless strain. 
C)  protein from the harmless strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmful strain. 
D)  DNA from the harmless strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmful strain. 
A)  protein from the harmful strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmless strain. 
B)  DNA from the harmful strain of bacteria changed the characteristics of the harmless strain. 
C)  protein from the harmless strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmful strain. 
D)  DNA from the harmless strain of bacteria caused a mutation in the harmful strain.

Question 3

The adenine bases in a DNA molecule are radioactively labeled. Once this DNA molecule had replicated twice to form four new DNA molecules with no other labeled adenine bases present, you would find the labeled adenine

Accepted Answer

A)  in each of the eight strands. 
B)  in two of the eight strands. 
C)  in all but one strand. 
D)  in six of the eight strands. 
A)  in each of the eight strands. 
B)  in two of the eight strands. 
C)  in all but one strand. 
D)  in six of the eight strands.

Question 4

During DNA replication, the template strands of the original DNA molecule are complementary both to each other and to one of the new strands.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If one strand of DNA has the sequence CGATT, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

Accepted Answer

A)  CGATT. 
B)  GCTUU. 
C)  TACGG. 
D)  GCTAA. 
A)  CGATT. 
B)  GCTUU. 
C)  TACGG. 
D)  GCTAA.

Question 6

Is a species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms likely to have more or fewer variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fewer, because there are fewer ways to change the DNA. 
B)  Fewer, because the repair mechanisms introduce more variation into the DNA sequence. 
C)  More, because more spontaneous mutations will go uncorrected. 
D)  More, because without a repair mechanism, the cell's tumor suppressor genes are inactivated. 
A)  Fewer, because there are fewer ways to change the DNA. 
B)  Fewer, because the repair mechanisms introduce more variation into the DNA sequence. 
C)  More, because more spontaneous mutations will go uncorrected. 
D)  More, because without a repair mechanism, the cell's tumor suppressor genes are inactivated.

Question 7

The sequence of bases along a single strand of DNA is complementary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by _____ bonds between their base pairs

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  amino acid 
C)  phosphate 
D)  protein 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  amino acid 
C)  phosphate 
D)  protein

Question 9

The early hypothesis that protein was the genetic material was based in part on the

Accepted Answer

A)  knowledge that chromosomes were composed of both DNA and protein. 
B)  fact that proteins are small molecules and therefore easily copied. 
C)  fact that protein molecules are large and could carry a lot of information. 
D)  the idea that DNA molecules varied too much within cells of the same organism. 
A)  knowledge that chromosomes were composed of both DNA and protein. 
B)  fact that proteins are small molecules and therefore easily copied. 
C)  fact that protein molecules are large and could carry a lot of information. 
D)  the idea that DNA molecules varied too much within cells of the same organism.

Question 10

To start DNA replication, the bonds holding the strands together are broken, and the molecule begins to unwind. Which of the following statements best summarizes what happens next?

Accepted Answer

A)  New strands are synthesized and paired with each other. 
B)  Each old strand acts as a template for a new strand. 
C)  Each old strand is broken down into nucleotides. 
D)  Transformation results in a new DNA molecule. 
A)  New strands are synthesized and paired with each other. 
B)  Each old strand acts as a template for a new strand. 
C)  Each old strand is broken down into nucleotides. 
D)  Transformation results in a new DNA molecule.

Question 11

The Hershey-Chase experiment with viruses led to the conclusion that DNA is the material of inheritance by showing that

Accepted Answer

A)  the virus injects only DNA into bacteria. 
B)  the protein surrounding the bacteria is made of nucleic acids. 
C)  viruses are unable to infect bacteria without DNA. 
D)  radioactive phosphorus killed the bacteria but radioactive sulfur did not. 
A)  the virus injects only DNA into bacteria. 
B)  the protein surrounding the bacteria is made of nucleic acids. 
C)  viruses are unable to infect bacteria without DNA. 
D)  radioactive phosphorus killed the bacteria but radioactive sulfur did not.

Question 12

When a cell divides, it

Accepted Answer

A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information. 
A)  breaks down its DNA. 
B)  deletes old genetic information. 
C)  copies information from neighboring cells. 
D)  copies its own genetic information.

Question 13

Replication of DNA can't begin until

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate bonds between nucleotides are broken. 
B)  hydrogen bonds between complementary bases are broken. 
C)  covalent bonds between sugar molecules are broken. 
D)  hydrogen bonds between nucleotides in one strand are broken. 
A)  phosphate bonds between nucleotides are broken. 
B)  hydrogen bonds between complementary bases are broken. 
C)  covalent bonds between sugar molecules are broken. 
D)  hydrogen bonds between nucleotides in one strand are broken.

Question 14

Transformation builds DNA from an RNA template.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The process of DNA replication is error-free.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The evidence that one strain of bacteria can often transform another strain suggests that bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  are able to change into viruses. 
B)  must have protein as their hereditary material. 
C)  might be able to exchange pieces of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance. 
D)  must have single-stranded DNA in order to undergo transformation. 
A)  are able to change into viruses. 
B)  must have protein as their hereditary material. 
C)  might be able to exchange pieces of DNA encoding antibiotic resistance. 
D)  must have single-stranded DNA in order to undergo transformation.

Question 17

Mismatch errors are

Accepted Answer

A)  almost always corrected by mutagens. 
B)  caused by DNA polymerase. 
C)  almost always corrected by specialized proteins. 
D)  usually caused by mutated proteins. 
A)  almost always corrected by mutagens. 
B)  caused by DNA polymerase. 
C)  almost always corrected by specialized proteins. 
D)  usually caused by mutated proteins.

Question 18

The experiments conducted by Hershey and Chase were able to show that DNA was the genetic substance, because

Accepted Answer

A)  both proteins and DNA in the viruses that they used contained radioactive sulfur. 
B)  only radioactive phosphorus was found inside of infected bacteria. 
C)  only radioactive sulfur was found inside of infected bacteria. 
D)  both proteins and DNA in the viruses that they used contained radioactive phosphorus. 
A)  both proteins and DNA in the viruses that they used contained radioactive sulfur. 
B)  only radioactive phosphorus was found inside of infected bacteria. 
C)  only radioactive sulfur was found inside of infected bacteria. 
D)  both proteins and DNA in the viruses that they used contained radioactive phosphorus.

Question 19

Which of the following would not be a required biological property of genetic material?

Accepted Answer

A)  It must be variable. 
B)  It must exist in paired copies. 
C)  It must be able to be copied accurately. 
D)  It must contain the information needed for life. 
A)  It must be variable. 
B)  It must exist in paired copies. 
C)  It must be able to be copied accurately. 
D)  It must contain the information needed for life.

Question 20

The significance of specific base pairing in DNA is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it stabilizes the sugar molecule. 
B)  it provides a method for making exact copies of DNA. 
C)  it prevents errors in DNA replication. 
D)  protein copies can be made directly from the DNA. 
A)  it stabilizes the sugar molecule. 
B)  it provides a method for making exact copies of DNA. 
C)  it prevents errors in DNA replication. 
D)  protein copies can be made directly from the DNA.

Exam 12: DNA

DNA is often damaged or may be replicated incorrectly. Which of the following is not true?

In Griffith's experiments, transformation occurred when a small piece of

The adenine bases in a DNA molecule are radioactively labeled. Once this DNA molecule had replicated twice to form four new DNA molecules with no other labeled adenine bases present, you would find the labeled adenine

During DNA replication, the template strands of the original DNA molecule are complementary both to each other and to one of the new strands.

If one strand of DNA has the sequence CGATT, the sequence of the other strand of the same molecule will be

Is a species that lacks DNA repair mechanisms likely to have more or fewer variations between individuals than a species that possesses repair mechanisms?

The sequence of bases along a single strand of DNA is complementary.

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by _____ bonds between their base pairs

The early hypothesis that protein was the genetic material was based in part on the

To start DNA replication, the bonds holding the strands together are broken, and the molecule begins to unwind. Which of the following statements best summarizes what happens next?

The Hershey-Chase experiment with viruses led to the conclusion that DNA is the material of inheritance by showing that

When a cell divides, it

Replication of DNA can't begin until

Transformation builds DNA from an RNA template.

The process of DNA replication is error-free.

The evidence that one strain of bacteria can often transform another strain suggests that bacteria

Mismatch errors are

The experiments conducted by Hershey and Chase were able to show that DNA was the genetic substance, because

Which of the following would not be a required biological property of genetic material?

The significance of specific base pairing in DNA is that

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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