Question 1

Ectothermic animals have a larger surface area available for gas exchange than endothermic animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following describes the journey of a molecule of oxygen from the pharynx to an alveolus?

Accepted Answer

A)  pharynx to trachea to bronchus to bronchiole to alveolus 
B)  pharynx to trachea to bronchiole to bronchus to alveolus 
C)  pharynx to bronchiole to bronchus to trachea to alveolus 
D)  pharynx to bronchus to bronchiole to trachea to alveolus 
A)  pharynx to trachea to bronchus to bronchiole to alveolus 
B)  pharynx to trachea to bronchiole to bronchus to alveolus 
C)  pharynx to bronchiole to bronchus to trachea to alveolus 
D)  pharynx to bronchus to bronchiole to trachea to alveolus

Question 3

The _______ of insects are tubes that allow oxygen in the atmosphere to reach the gas exchange surfaces inside the insects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ of insects are tubes that...

Question 4

People with sickle-cell anemia have deformed hemoglobin molecules and often suffer muscle pains, even at low levels of exertion. These symptoms might come about because the deformed hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

A)  is unable to carry the oxygen required for normal activities of muscles. 
B)  cannot diffuse across the cells' membranes from the blood plasma. 
C)  causes damage to the muscle cells as it enters the muscle. 
D)  decreases the person's surface area-to-volume ratio. 
A)  is unable to carry the oxygen required for normal activities of muscles. 
B)  cannot diffuse across the cells' membranes from the blood plasma. 
C)  causes damage to the muscle cells as it enters the muscle. 
D)  decreases the person's surface area-to-volume ratio.

Question 5

Hemoglobin, like many other oxygen-binding pigments, contains the metallic element ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hemoglobin, like many other oxygen-binding pigments, contains...

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the journey of an oxygen molecule in a lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  It travels from an alveolus to a bronchiole to a capillary to a red blood cell to hemoglobin. 
B)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a capillary to hemoglobin to a red blood cell. 
C)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a capillary to a red blood cell to hemoglobin. 
D)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a red blood cell to a capillary to hemoglobin. 
A)  It travels from an alveolus to a bronchiole to a capillary to a red blood cell to hemoglobin. 
B)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a capillary to hemoglobin to a red blood cell. 
C)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a capillary to a red blood cell to hemoglobin. 
D)  It travels from a bronchiole to an alveolus to a red blood cell to a capillary to hemoglobin.

Question 7

Which of the following would contain the lowest concentration of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  a lake covered by a sheet of ice 
B)  air at sea level 
C)  air 1,000 ft. above sea level 
D)  a warm pond 
A)  a lake covered by a sheet of ice 
B)  air at sea level 
C)  air 1,000 ft. above sea level 
D)  a warm pond

Question 8

Gills were the first gas exchange organ to evolve in animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The tiniest bronchiole extensions open into the

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchi. 
C)  alveoli. 
D)  pharynx. 
A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchi. 
C)  alveoli. 
D)  pharynx.

Question 10

If our skin were our gas exchange surface, it would have sufficient surface area to support our need for oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The smaller the distance over which a gas must diffuse, the more slowly it will diffuse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Blood in a capillary leaving a nearby cell would contain

Accepted Answer

A)  a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than when it arrived. 
B)  a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than when it arrived. 
C)  a higher concentration of oxygen than when it arrived. 
D)  less hemoglobin than when it arrived. 
A)  a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than when it arrived. 
B)  a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than when it arrived. 
C)  a higher concentration of oxygen than when it arrived. 
D)  less hemoglobin than when it arrived.

Question 13

Which of the following would not be a characteristic of an organ used for gas exchange?

Accepted Answer

A)  high surface area 
B)  covered by waterproofing layers 
C)  moist surfaces 
D)  very thin tissues 
A)  high surface area 
B)  covered by waterproofing layers 
C)  moist surfaces 
D)  very thin tissues

Question 14

Once oxygen has entered the blood stream, its ultimate destination is the

Accepted Answer

A)  alveoli. 
B)  lungs. 
C)  cells. 
D)  mitochondria. 
A)  alveoli. 
B)  lungs. 
C)  cells. 
D)  mitochondria.

Question 15

When we inhale, air moves in through the mouth or nose and next moves into the

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  pharynx. 
A)  bronchi. 
B)  alveoli. 
C)  lungs. 
D)  pharynx.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a genetic adaptation that has evolved in people who live at high altitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)  large lungs 
B)  rapid breathing 
C)  higher hemoglobin concentration in their blood 
D)  ability of the hemoglobin in their blood to pick up oxygen more readily from the plasma 
A)  large lungs 
B)  rapid breathing 
C)  higher hemoglobin concentration in their blood 
D)  ability of the hemoglobin in their blood to pick up oxygen more readily from the plasma

Question 17

The figure below illustrates the respiratory surface of an animal relative to its body surface.  
Would you expect this respiratory surface to be found in an aquatic or terrestrial animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aquatic; having the respiratory surfaces inside the body saves energy since water is less dense than air and can therefore be more easily moved through an internal respiratory organ. 
B)  Aquatic; having an external respiratory surface allows the animal to create a larger surface area for gas exchange. 
C)  Terrestrial; by having the respiratory surface inside the body, terrestrial animals reduce water loss. 
D)  Terrestrial; having the respiratory surfaces inside the body prevents gases other than oxygen from entering the body. 
A)  Aquatic; having the respiratory surfaces inside the body saves energy since water is less dense than air and can therefore be more easily moved through an internal respiratory organ. 
B)  Aquatic; having an external respiratory surface allows the animal to create a larger surface area for gas exchange. 
C)  Terrestrial; by having the respiratory surface inside the body, terrestrial animals reduce water loss. 
D)  Terrestrial; having the respiratory surfaces inside the body prevents gases other than oxygen from entering the body.

Question 18

The _______ that aquatic animals use for gas exchange have evolved several times, but they are always structured to provide the maximum surface area for gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ that aquatic animals use for...

Question 19

Hemoglobin

Accepted Answer

A)  is an enzyme involved in the process of cellular respiration. 
B)  transports oxygen from cells undergoing cellular respiration to red blood cells. 
C)  binds to oxygen and releases it near cells performing cellular respiration. 
D)  makes the blood more acidic, enabling it to absorb more oxygen. 
A)  is an enzyme involved in the process of cellular respiration. 
B)  transports oxygen from cells undergoing cellular respiration to red blood cells. 
C)  binds to oxygen and releases it near cells performing cellular respiration. 
D)  makes the blood more acidic, enabling it to absorb more oxygen.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about gas concentrations in air and water is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbon dioxide is not found in water. 
B)  Carbon dioxide occurs in similar concentrations in air and water. 
C)  Oxygen occurs in similar concentrations in air and water. 
D)  Oxygen occurs in higher concentrations in air than in water. 
A)  Carbon dioxide is not found in water. 
B)  Carbon dioxide occurs in similar concentrations in air and water. 
C)  Oxygen occurs in similar concentrations in air and water. 
D)  Oxygen occurs in higher concentrations in air than in water.

Exam 22: Gas Exchange

Ectothermic animals have a larger surface area available for gas exchange than endothermic animals.

Which of the following describes the journey of a molecule of oxygen from the pharynx to an alveolus?

The _______ of insects are tubes that allow oxygen in the atmosphere to reach the gas exchange surfaces inside the insects.

People with sickle-cell anemia have deformed hemoglobin molecules and often suffer muscle pains, even at low levels of exertion. These symptoms might come about because the deformed hemoglobin

Hemoglobin, like many other oxygen-binding pigments, contains the metallic element ____.

Which of the following best describes the journey of an oxygen molecule in a lung?

Which of the following would contain the lowest concentration of oxygen?

Gills were the first gas exchange organ to evolve in animals.

The tiniest bronchiole extensions open into the

If our skin were our gas exchange surface, it would have sufficient surface area to support our need for oxygen.

The smaller the distance over which a gas must diffuse, the more slowly it will diffuse.

Blood in a capillary leaving a nearby cell would contain

Which of the following would not be a characteristic of an organ used for gas exchange?

Once oxygen has entered the blood stream, its ultimate destination is the

When we inhale, air moves in through the mouth or nose and next moves into the

Which of the following is not a genetic adaptation that has evolved in people who live at high altitudes?

The figure below illustrates the respiratory surface of an animal relative to its body surface. Would you expect this respiratory surface to be found in an aquatic or terrestrial animal?

The _______ that aquatic animals use for gas exchange have evolved several times, but they are always structured to provide the maximum surface area for gas exchange.

Hemoglobin

Which of the following statements about gas concentrations in air and water is true?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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