Question 1

In a population of 100,000 flies, 30,000 have the AA genotype, 20,000 carry the Aa genotype, and 50,000 have the aa genotype. What is the frequency of the A allele?

Accepted Answer

A)  1.00 
B)  0.80 
C)  0.40 
D)  0.30 
A)  1.00 
B)  0.80 
C)  0.40 
D)  0.30

Question 2

Although they are protected in many countries, humans still hunt elephants for their ivory tusks. A mutation that results in tusk-less elephants in increasing in frequency in some elephant populations as a result of the evolutionary mechanism of __________ __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although they are protected in many countries,...

Question 3

When a population shrinks, causing low genetic variation or the fixation of a harmful allele, a genetic _______ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a population shrinks, causing low genetic...

Question 4

The allele frequency of a recessive allele is always less than the allele frequency of a dominant allele.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Although millions of prairie chickens once occupied Illinois, in 1993 only 50 remained. Starting in 1992, scientists moved almost 300 prairie chickens from large populations in other states to Illinois to ________________ Illinois prairie chicken populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent the development of nonheritable mutations in 
B)  introduce genetic variation back into 
C)  induce stabilizing selection in 
D)  cause genetic drift in 
A)  prevent the development of nonheritable mutations in 
B)  introduce genetic variation back into 
C)  induce stabilizing selection in 
D)  cause genetic drift in

Question 6

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Giraffes did not evolve from other organisms. 
B)  Giraffes stretch to obtain food and for this reason their necks become longer. This characteristic is passed on to the next generation. 
C)  A giraffe's offspring are more likely to have longer necks than it does. 
D)  A giraffe's offspring, on average, will have necks of the same length that it has. 
A)  Giraffes did not evolve from other organisms. 
B)  Giraffes stretch to obtain food and for this reason their necks become longer. This characteristic is passed on to the next generation. 
C)  A giraffe's offspring are more likely to have longer necks than it does. 
D)  A giraffe's offspring, on average, will have necks of the same length that it has.

Question 7

Independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing-over, and fertilization are collectively known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing-over, and fertilization...

Question 8

Microevolution

Accepted Answer

A)  does not alter the genotype frequencies of a population. 
B)  is caused by speciation. 
C)  occurs only in microorganisms. 
D)  is the smallest scale at which evolution occurs. 
A)  does not alter the genotype frequencies of a population. 
B)  is caused by speciation. 
C)  occurs only in microorganisms. 
D)  is the smallest scale at which evolution occurs.

Question 9

Compared to a large mainland population, genetic drift in a small island population is

Accepted Answer

A)  less important because there is less variation with which to work. 
B)  less important because only a few individuals do all the breeding. 
C)  more important because of a smaller gene pool. 
D)  more important because of the absence of competition. 
A)  less important because there is less variation with which to work. 
B)  less important because only a few individuals do all the breeding. 
C)  more important because of a smaller gene pool. 
D)  more important because of the absence of competition.

Question 10

________ _________ is the only mechanism of evolutionary change that is not influenced by chance events.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ _________ is the only mechanism of...

Question 11

Genetic drift is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  small population size. 
B)  chance events. 
C)  gene flow. 
D)  large population size. 
A)  small population size. 
B)  chance events. 
C)  gene flow. 
D)  large population size.

Question 12

The Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to determine the genotype frequencies of a population that is not evolving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Individuals in a population have different DNA sequences for various genes than other individuals in the same population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A population has a total of two alleles, G and g, for a given gene. Which one of the following sets of genotype frequencies is correctly expressed for that population?

Accepted Answer

A)  GG = .25 Gg = .75 gg = .35 
B)  GG = .70 Gg = .25 gg = .30 
C)  GG = .75 Gg = .15 gg = .10 
D)  GG = .45 Gg = .15 gg = .75 
A)  GG = .25 Gg = .75 gg = .35 
B)  GG = .70 Gg = .25 gg = .30 
C)  GG = .75 Gg = .15 gg = .10 
D)  GG = .45 Gg = .15 gg = .75

Question 15

If the genotype values predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equation are greatly different from the values found in the real population, we can say that the population is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the genotype values predicted by the...

Question 16

Gene flow can occur when individuals move from one population to another. It can also occur

Accepted Answer

A)  as a result of genetic drift. 
B)  if gametes, rather than individuals, move among populations. 
C)  as a result of mutations in one population but not in another. 
D)  when individuals within a population interbreed. 
A)  as a result of genetic drift. 
B)  if gametes, rather than individuals, move among populations. 
C)  as a result of mutations in one population but not in another. 
D)  when individuals within a population interbreed.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a step in the evolutionary process?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation and recombination occur at random in a population. 
B)  new genes are introduced into a population when members of that population mate with members of other species. 
C)  genetic variation is inherited by the next generation of a population 
D)  genetic drift, gene flow and or natural selection cause allele frequencies to change over time. 
A)  mutation and recombination occur at random in a population. 
B)  new genes are introduced into a population when members of that population mate with members of other species. 
C)  genetic variation is inherited by the next generation of a population 
D)  genetic drift, gene flow and or natural selection cause allele frequencies to change over time.

Question 18

Scientists studying the runoff of antibiotic resistance genes into ground water wells discovered in 2008 that concentrations of most resistance genes were diluted as water moved away from hog farms. One resistance gene, however, was found at higher concentrations in one well. Which of the following is a biologically valid explanation of this finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exposure to antibiotics in their environment caused the bacteria naturally found in that well to mutate their DNA to create that antibiotic resistance gene. 
B)  The antibiotic resistance gene in the water was taken up by an organism living in that well. Since this gene helped the organism resist the antibiotics in the water, resistance was inherited by their offspring. 
C)  Hog gut bacteria that escaped into the water supply mated with other species of bacteria living in the well to create a "super-bacteria" containing the DNA of both species. 
D)  The herbicide resistance genes found in ground water well bacteria are easily converted to antibiotic resistance genes when an antibiotic is present in the environment. 
A)  Exposure to antibiotics in their environment caused the bacteria naturally found in that well to mutate their DNA to create that antibiotic resistance gene. 
B)  The antibiotic resistance gene in the water was taken up by an organism living in that well. Since this gene helped the organism resist the antibiotics in the water, resistance was inherited by their offspring. 
C)  Hog gut bacteria that escaped into the water supply mated with other species of bacteria living in the well to create a "super-bacteria" containing the DNA of both species. 
D)  The herbicide resistance genes found in ground water well bacteria are easily converted to antibiotic resistance genes when an antibiotic is present in the environment.

Question 19

According to the figure below, the r allele is less frequent in generation 2 of this flower population.  
The frequency of r decreases in this population because

Accepted Answer

A)  of genetic drift. 
B)  recessive alleles are always less common than dominant alleles. 
C)  p + q must always equal 1. 
D)  R alleles are more likely to "hide" r alleles in generation 2. 
A)  of genetic drift. 
B)  recessive alleles are always less common than dominant alleles. 
C)  p + q must always equal 1. 
D)  R alleles are more likely to "hide" r alleles in generation 2.

Question 20

One factor that complicates the treatment of AIDS is the

Accepted Answer

A)  low mutation rate of HIV. 
B)  high mutation rate of HIV. 
C)  random mating between viral particles. 
D)  non-random mating between viral particles. 
A)  low mutation rate of HIV. 
B)  high mutation rate of HIV. 
C)  random mating between viral particles. 
D)  non-random mating between viral particles.

Exam 17: Evolution of Populations

In a population of 100,000 flies, 30,000 have the AA genotype, 20,000 carry the Aa genotype, and 50,000 have the aa genotype. What is the frequency of the A allele?

Although they are protected in many countries, humans still hunt elephants for their ivory tusks. A mutation that results in tusk-less elephants in increasing in frequency in some elephant populations as a result of the evolutionary mechanism of __________ __________.

When a population shrinks, causing low genetic variation or the fixation of a harmful allele, a genetic _______ has occurred.

The allele frequency of a recessive allele is always less than the allele frequency of a dominant allele.

Although millions of prairie chickens once occupied Illinois, in 1993 only 50 remained. Starting in 1992, scientists moved almost 300 prairie chickens from large populations in other states to Illinois to ________________ Illinois prairie chicken populations.

Which of the following is correct?

Independent assortment of chromosomes, crossing-over, and fertilization are collectively known as _____________.

Microevolution

Compared to a large mainland population, genetic drift in a small island population is

________ _________ is the only mechanism of evolutionary change that is not influenced by chance events.

Genetic drift is caused by

The Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to determine the genotype frequencies of a population that is not evolving.

Individuals in a population have different DNA sequences for various genes than other individuals in the same population.

A population has a total of two alleles, G and g, for a given gene. Which one of the following sets of genotype frequencies is correctly expressed for that population?

If the genotype values predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equation are greatly different from the values found in the real population, we can say that the population is ________.

Gene flow can occur when individuals move from one population to another. It can also occur

Which of the following is not a step in the evolutionary process?

According to the figure below, the r allele is less frequent in generation 2 of this flower population. The frequency of r decreases in this population because

One factor that complicates the treatment of AIDS is the

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

Filters

Although they are protected in many countries, humans still hunt elephants for their ivory tusks. A mutation that results in tusk-less elephants in increasing in frequency in some elephant populations as a result of the evolutionary mechanism of .

_ is the only mechanism of evolutionary change that is not influenced by chance events.