Question 1

Smoking paralyzes the cilia lining the respiratory system. This damages the lungs because

Accepted Answer

A)  the cilia produce the mucus that covers the alveoli and without the mucus, gases cannot diffuse into the capillaries surrounding the alveoli. 
B)  when the cilia cannot move, bacteria and particles cannot be swept out of the respiratory system before damaging the walls of the alveoli. 
C)  when paralyzed, the cilia cannot prevent backflow from the heart into the lungs. The resulting flow of high-pressure blood into the lungs ruptures capillaries. 
D)  cilia are the gas exchange structures of the lungs and when they are paralyzed, air cannot move in and out of the lungs. 
A)  the cilia produce the mucus that covers the alveoli and without the mucus, gases cannot diffuse into the capillaries surrounding the alveoli. 
B)  when the cilia cannot move, bacteria and particles cannot be swept out of the respiratory system before damaging the walls of the alveoli. 
C)  when paralyzed, the cilia cannot prevent backflow from the heart into the lungs. The resulting flow of high-pressure blood into the lungs ruptures capillaries. 
D)  cilia are the gas exchange structures of the lungs and when they are paralyzed, air cannot move in and out of the lungs.

Question 2

In order for nicotine to affect a neuron, it would have to

Accepted Answer

A)  cross capillary walls. 
B)  diffuse into interstitial fluid. 
C)  reach a neuron's plasma membrane. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  cross capillary walls. 
B)  diffuse into interstitial fluid. 
C)  reach a neuron's plasma membrane. 
D)  all of the above

Question 3

Tobacco smoke inhaled by nonsmoking people near a smoker is called __________ smoke.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tobacco smoke inhaled by nonsmoking people near...

Question 4

Since nicotine is not normally found in your body, after smoking a cigarette it can easily _________ (a passive process) from the blood into your interstitial fluid and then to the cells of your nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Since nicotine is not normally found in...

Question 5

Secondhand smoke is dangerous to nonsmokers because it contains the same __________ that cause cancer in smokers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Secondhand smoke is dangerous to nonsmokers because...

Question 6

The more a person smokes, the more sensitive that person's brain becomes to nicotine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following describes why a light smoker may become a heavy smoker?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nicotine is broken down more and more quickly by enzymes in the blood. 
B)  A smoker's brain becomes less sensitized to nicotine as a trigger for the release of dopamine. 
C)  Nicotine is broken down more and more quickly by dopamine. 
D)  More and more nicotine binds to dopamine, reducing its effects. 
A)  Nicotine is broken down more and more quickly by enzymes in the blood. 
B)  A smoker's brain becomes less sensitized to nicotine as a trigger for the release of dopamine. 
C)  Nicotine is broken down more and more quickly by dopamine. 
D)  More and more nicotine binds to dopamine, reducing its effects.

Question 8

Exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) from cigarette smoke is dangerous because it binds to the site where carbon dioxide (CO₂) binds to hemoglobin, preventing CO₂ from diffusing out of the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If a person addicted to cigarette smoking cannot quit successfully on the first try, there is almost no hope of ever quitting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

People with emphysema have difficulty breathing because the walls of their alveoli break reducing the amount of _____________ available for gas exchange.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with emphysema have difficulty breathing because...

Question 11

Smoking a cigarette increases the amount of glucose in your blood stream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

This figure shows a CT scan where the lung on the left is severely impacted by emphysema.  
The region indicated by the arrow is clear because

Accepted Answer

A)  a tumor has formed in this region. 
B)  tar from cigarette smoking is blocking the penetration of X-rays through the lung. 
C)  the alveoli in this region have all ruptured as a result of exposure to the irritants from cigarette smoke. 
D)  fluid has accumulated in this region of the lung as a result of edema. 
A)  a tumor has formed in this region. 
B)  tar from cigarette smoking is blocking the penetration of X-rays through the lung. 
C)  the alveoli in this region have all ruptured as a result of exposure to the irritants from cigarette smoke. 
D)  fluid has accumulated in this region of the lung as a result of edema.

Question 13

The addictive chemical in cigarette smoke is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The addictive chemical in cigarette smoke is...

Question 14

Which of the following is most directly and intensely exposed to the dangerous agents in tobacco smoke?

Accepted Answer

A)  the circulatory system 
B)  the nervous system 
C)  the respiratory system 
D)  the skeletal system 
A)  the circulatory system 
B)  the nervous system 
C)  the respiratory system 
D)  the skeletal system

Question 15

Like two other addictive drugs, cocaine and heroin, nicotine stimulates the release of ________ in the nucleus accumbens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Like two other addictive drugs, cocaine and...

Question 16

During the first few years after you quit smoking,

Accepted Answer

A)  the toxins that remain in your body can still affect your unborn child. 
B)  you are more likely to develop a tumor in your lungs than a smoker that has not quit smoking. 
C)  the lungs recover completely from the damage caused by emphysema. 
D)  your chance of having a heart attack decreases significantly. 
A)  the toxins that remain in your body can still affect your unborn child. 
B)  you are more likely to develop a tumor in your lungs than a smoker that has not quit smoking. 
C)  the lungs recover completely from the damage caused by emphysema. 
D)  your chance of having a heart attack decreases significantly.

Question 17

Tobacco kills most of its victims by causing diseases of the heart and circulatory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Smoking can reduce the ability to eliminate sodium and water from the body. In this case the ingredients in cigarette smoke would be affecting the

Accepted Answer

A)  heart. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  kidneys. 
D)  stomach. 
A)  heart. 
B)  pancreas. 
C)  kidneys. 
D)  stomach.

Question 19

The earlier a smoker quits, the better chance he or she has of living a normal life span.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Where in your blood would you expect nicotine to be carried?

Accepted Answer

A)  in hemoglobin 
B)  in blood plasma 
C)  in killer T cells 
D)  in macrophages 
A)  in hemoglobin 
B)  in blood plasma 
C)  in killer T cells 
D)  in macrophages

Exam 43: Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Smoking paralyzes the cilia lining the respiratory system. This damages the lungs because

In order for nicotine to affect a neuron, it would have to

Tobacco smoke inhaled by nonsmoking people near a smoker is called __________ smoke.

Since nicotine is not normally found in your body, after smoking a cigarette it can easily _________ (a passive process) from the blood into your interstitial fluid and then to the cells of your nervous system.

Secondhand smoke is dangerous to nonsmokers because it contains the same __________ that cause cancer in smokers.

The more a person smokes, the more sensitive that person's brain becomes to nicotine.

Which of the following describes why a light smoker may become a heavy smoker?

Exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) from cigarette smoke is dangerous because it binds to the site where carbon dioxide (CO₂) binds to hemoglobin, preventing CO₂ from diffusing out of the blood.

If a person addicted to cigarette smoking cannot quit successfully on the first try, there is almost no hope of ever quitting.

People with emphysema have difficulty breathing because the walls of their alveoli break reducing the amount of _____________ available for gas exchange.

Smoking a cigarette increases the amount of glucose in your blood stream.

This figure shows a CT scan where the lung on the left is severely impacted by emphysema. The region indicated by the arrow is clear because

The addictive chemical in cigarette smoke is ________.

Which of the following is most directly and intensely exposed to the dangerous agents in tobacco smoke?

Like two other addictive drugs, cocaine and heroin, nicotine stimulates the release of ________ in the nucleus accumbens.

During the first few years after you quit smoking,

Tobacco kills most of its victims by causing diseases of the heart and circulatory system.

Smoking can reduce the ability to eliminate sodium and water from the body. In this case the ingredients in cigarette smoke would be affecting the

The earlier a smoker quits, the better chance he or she has of living a normal life span.

Where in your blood would you expect nicotine to be carried?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Humans and Evolution

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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