Question 1

To walk upright, humans first had to evolve larger brains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Human activities

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot affect the evolution of established pest species of insects. 
B)  have eliminated resistant strains of bacteria. 
C)  can change patterns of genetic drift. 
D)  have increased the size and shape of fish that are intensely harvested. 
A)  cannot affect the evolution of established pest species of insects. 
B)  have eliminated resistant strains of bacteria. 
C)  can change patterns of genetic drift. 
D)  have increased the size and shape of fish that are intensely harvested.

Question 3

Hominids adapted to life on the ground approximately _______ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.5 billion 
B)  130 thousand 
C)  600 million 
D)  5-7 million 
A)  3.5 billion 
B)  130 thousand 
C)  600 million 
D)  5-7 million

Question 4

During the last 75,000 years human brain size appears to have decreased slightly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetic studies are not useful in constructing hominid evolutionary trees. 
B)  Breeding did not occur between various populations of Homo. 
C)  Only one species of hominids has inhabited Earth at any given time. 
D)  Different species of hominids probably coexisted on Earth at various times. 
A)  Genetic studies are not useful in constructing hominid evolutionary trees. 
B)  Breeding did not occur between various populations of Homo. 
C)  Only one species of hominids has inhabited Earth at any given time. 
D)  Different species of hominids probably coexisted on Earth at various times.

Question 6

Human actions lead to evolution in other organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Homo is the genus name for more than one species of primate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is not an advantage of being bipedal?

Accepted Answer

A)  The additional height gained by standing on two legs allowed humans to easily see approaching predators. 
B)  Standing up freed up human hands allowing them to carry and use tools. 
C)  Standing up makes it easier to climb trees. 
D)  Walking on two feet is faster than walking on four feet. 
A)  The additional height gained by standing on two legs allowed humans to easily see approaching predators. 
B)  Standing up freed up human hands allowing them to carry and use tools. 
C)  Standing up makes it easier to climb trees. 
D)  Walking on two feet is faster than walking on four feet.

Question 9

What potential effect might the current amount of gene flow among human populations have on these populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  It could cause different populations to become increasingly more different until they are reproductively isolated. 
B)  It could significantly reduce the amount of variation between different human populations. 
C)  None, because isolated groups of humans are actually separate species. 
D)  Gene flow does not occur between human populations. 
A)  It could cause different populations to become increasingly more different until they are reproductively isolated. 
B)  It could significantly reduce the amount of variation between different human populations. 
C)  None, because isolated groups of humans are actually separate species. 
D)  Gene flow does not occur between human populations.

Question 10

If the Neandertals are not the direct ancestors of humans, is it still possible for humans and Neandertals to be related?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, because we share a common ancestor. 
B)  Yes, but only if humans and Neandertals could have interbred. 
C)  No, because the human evolutionary tree is strictly linear and without branches. 
D)  No, because this means that Neandertals evolved from an entirely different branch of organisms than humans did. 
A)  Yes, because we share a common ancestor. 
B)  Yes, but only if humans and Neandertals could have interbred. 
C)  No, because the human evolutionary tree is strictly linear and without branches. 
D)  No, because this means that Neandertals evolved from an entirely different branch of organisms than humans did.

Question 11

By about a half million years ago, our human ancestors were probably hunting large game and using fire.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to the multiregional hypothesis,

Accepted Answer

A)  Home erectus evolved into modern humans in Africa and then migrated all over the world. 
B)  Home erectus migrated throughout the world and then evolved into modern humans. 
C)  isolated populations of Home erectus and Homo habilis evolved separately into modern humans 
D)  different populations of Homo erectus migrated back to Africa and became a single population that evolved into modern humans. 
A)  Home erectus evolved into modern humans in Africa and then migrated all over the world. 
B)  Home erectus migrated throughout the world and then evolved into modern humans. 
C)  isolated populations of Home erectus and Homo habilis evolved separately into modern humans 
D)  different populations of Homo erectus migrated back to Africa and became a single population that evolved into modern humans.

Question 13

The human population today is large, highly technological, and mobile. Which of the following is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetic drift is likely to play an increasing role in shaping human evolution. 
B)  Populations will tend to become more similar. 
C)  Technology will reduce selection pressure on characteristics such as poor hearing. 
D)  Genetic drift will have a weaker role in shaping human evolution. 
A)  Genetic drift is likely to play an increasing role in shaping human evolution. 
B)  Populations will tend to become more similar. 
C)  Technology will reduce selection pressure on characteristics such as poor hearing. 
D)  Genetic drift will have a weaker role in shaping human evolution.

Question 14

Based on the "out-of-Africa" hypothesis, which of the following is the most likely reason why species like Neandertals and Homo floresiensis do not exist today?

Accepted Answer

A)  Modern humans out-competed and replaced other populations as they migrated around the world. 
B)  Extensive gene flow between human populations led to a blending of traits that resulted in the evolution of modern humans. 
C)  As modern humans developed new and more accurate hunting skills they were able to hunt other "undesirable" populations to extinction. 
D)  Climate change in Africa caused the extinction of all human populations except for the ones that gave rise to modern humans. 
A)  Modern humans out-competed and replaced other populations as they migrated around the world. 
B)  Extensive gene flow between human populations led to a blending of traits that resulted in the evolution of modern humans. 
C)  As modern humans developed new and more accurate hunting skills they were able to hunt other "undesirable" populations to extinction. 
D)  Climate change in Africa caused the extinction of all human populations except for the ones that gave rise to modern humans.

Question 15

Which of the following is not true about archaic Homo sapiens species?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have been found in Africa. 
B)  They developed ways of making tools. 
C)  Neandertal was an advanced type of archaic H. sapiens. 
D)  They were more primitive than H. habilis. 
A)  They have been found in Africa. 
B)  They developed ways of making tools. 
C)  Neandertal was an advanced type of archaic H. sapiens. 
D)  They were more primitive than H. habilis.

Question 16

In 1883, Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of the telephone), after determining that deafness was hereditary in nature, suggested that two individuals who are deaf should not marry (and, therefore, produce children). This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic testing. 
B)  eugenics. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  cloning. 
A)  genetic testing. 
B)  eugenics. 
C)  natural selection. 
D)  cloning.

Question 17

The term that describes the upright walking of humans on two legs is _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term that describes the upright walking...

Question 18

Examine figure below.  
What does the positioning of the toe indicated by the arrow suggest about the owner of this fossil hominid foot?

Accepted Answer

A)  This hominid probably spent all of its climbing through trees. 
B)  This hominid was a hybrid produced from the mating of a Neandertal and an archaic human. 
C)  This hominid has a partially opposable toe. It probably walked upright and spent some time in trees. 
D)  This hominid was a member of an extinct line of human evolution that lived exclusively in water. It was probably the source of the myth of the mermaid. 
A)  This hominid probably spent all of its climbing through trees. 
B)  This hominid was a hybrid produced from the mating of a Neandertal and an archaic human. 
C)  This hominid has a partially opposable toe. It probably walked upright and spent some time in trees. 
D)  This hominid was a member of an extinct line of human evolution that lived exclusively in water. It was probably the source of the myth of the mermaid.

Question 19

In the classification of Homo sapiens, which of the following is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  chordate phylum 
B)  mammal class 
C)  primate genus 
D)  hominid family 
A)  chordate phylum 
B)  mammal class 
C)  primate genus 
D)  hominid family

Question 20

On a trip to the rainforest, a scientist finds a new species of animal. It looks a bit like a mouse, but it has opposable thumbs and lives in trees. Which of the following terms is least likely to apply to this animal?

Accepted Answer

A)  primate 
B)  hominid 
C)  mammal 
D)  chordate 
A)  primate 
B)  hominid 
C)  mammal 
D)  chordate

Exam 42: Humans and Evolution

To walk upright, humans first had to evolve larger brains.

Human activities

Hominids adapted to life on the ground approximately _______ years ago.

During the last 75,000 years human brain size appears to have decreased slightly.

Which of the following is true?

Human actions lead to evolution in other organisms.

Homo is the genus name for more than one species of primate.

Which of the following is not an advantage of being bipedal?

What potential effect might the current amount of gene flow among human populations have on these populations?

If the Neandertals are not the direct ancestors of humans, is it still possible for humans and Neandertals to be related?

By about a half million years ago, our human ancestors were probably hunting large game and using fire.

According to the multiregional hypothesis,

The human population today is large, highly technological, and mobile. Which of the following is not true?

Based on the "out-of-Africa" hypothesis, which of the following is the most likely reason why species like Neandertals and Homo floresiensis do not exist today?

Which of the following is not true about archaic Homo sapiens species?

In 1883, Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of the telephone), after determining that deafness was hereditary in nature, suggested that two individuals who are deaf should not marry (and, therefore, produce children). This is an example of

The term that describes the upright walking of humans on two legs is _______.

Examine figure below. What does the positioning of the toe indicated by the arrow suggest about the owner of this fossil hominid foot?

In the classification of Homo sapiens, which of the following is incorrect?

On a trip to the rainforest, a scientist finds a new species of animal. It looks a bit like a mouse, but it has opposable thumbs and lives in trees. Which of the following terms is least likely to apply to this animal?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Organizing the Diversity of Life

Major Groups of Living Organisms

Chemical Building Blocks

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Adaptation and Speciation

The Evolutionary History of Life

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

The Circulatory System

Animal Hormones

The Nervous System

Sensing the Environment

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Interactions among Organisms

Communities of Organisms

Ecosystems

Global Change

Biodiversity and People

Cancer: Cell Division Out of Control

Harnessing the Human Genome

Smoking--Beyond Lung Cancer

Feeding a Hungry Planet

Building a Sustainable Society

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