Exam 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

The next few questions are based on the following description. A biology student hiking in a forest happens upon an erect,15-cm-tall plant that bears microphylls and a strobilus at its tallest point.When disturbed,the cone emits a dense cloud of brownish dust.A pocket magnifying glass reveals the dust to be composed of tiny spheres with a high oil content. -This organism probably belongs to the same phylum as the

Given its composition and location,the phragmoplast should be directly involved in the

When discovered in peatlands,"bog bodies" tend to be well preserved.The best explanation is that

The following traits provide supporting evidence that charophyceans are the closest relatives of land plants,with the exception of the fact that

Suppose an efficient conducting system evolved in a moss that could transport water and other materials as high as a tall tree.Which of the following statements about "trees" of such a species would not be true?

Use the information that follows to answer the questions below. Big Bend National Park in Texas is mostly Chihuahuan desert,where rainfall averages about 10 inches per year.Yet,it is not uncommon when hiking in this bone-dry desert to encounter mosses and ferns.One such plant is called "flower of stone." It is not a flowering plant,nor does it produce seeds.Under arid conditions,its leaflike structures curl up.However,when it rains,it unfurls its leaves,which form a bright green rosette on the desert floor.Consequently,it is sometimes called the "resurrection plant." At first glance,it could be a fern,a true moss,or a spike moss. -What feature of both true mosses and ferns makes it most surprising that they can survive for many generations in dry deserts?

If you are looking for structures that transfer water and nutrients from a bryophyte gametophyte to a bryophyte sporophyte,then on which part of the sporophyte should you focus your attention?

Use the information that follows to answer the questions below. Big Bend National Park in Texas is mostly Chihuahuan desert,where rainfall averages about 10 inches per year.Yet,it is not uncommon when hiking in this bone-dry desert to encounter mosses and ferns.One such plant is called "flower of stone." It is not a flowering plant,nor does it produce seeds.Under arid conditions,its leaflike structures curl up.However,when it rains,it unfurls its leaves,which form a bright green rosette on the desert floor.Consequently,it is sometimes called the "resurrection plant." At first glance,it could be a fern,a true moss,or a spike moss. -Which of the following features is most important in order for true mosses and ferns to survive and reproduce in the desert?

Mitotic activity by the apical meristem of a root makes which of the following more possible?

The most direct ancestors of land plants were probably ________.

In plants,which of the following are produced by meiosis?

Refer to the following information to answer the next few questions. Researchers decided to test the hypothesis that if the 2-m tall Polytrichum gametophyte-sporophyte plants had acted as a physical buffer,then they would have reduced water's ability to erode the soil and carry away its nitrogen.They began with four equal-sized areas where Polytrichum mosses grew to a height of 2 m above the soil surface.One of the four areas was not modified.In the second area,the mosses were trimmed to a height of 1 m above the soil surface.In the third area,the mosses were trimmed to a height of 0.5 m above the soil surface.In the fourth area,the mosses were trimmed all the way to the ground,leaving only the rhizoids.Water,simulating rainfall,was then added in a controlled fashion to all plots over the course of one year.The figure below presents four graphs that depict potential results of this experiment. -Why should we expect the soil's nitrogen not to be contained solely within the rhizoids of the Polytrichum mosses?

What is true about the genus Sphagnum?

On a field trip,a student in a marine biology class collects an organism that has differentiated organs,cell walls of cellulose,and chloroplasts with chlorophyll a.Based on this description,the organism could be a brown alga,a red alga,a green alga,a charophyte recently washed into the ocean from a freshwater or brackish water source,or a land plant washed into the ocean.The presence of which of the following features would definitively identify this organism as a land plant?

Two small,poorly drained lakes lie close to each other in a northern forest.The basins of both lakes are composed of the same geologic substratum.One lake is surrounded by a dense Sphagnum mat; the other is not.Compared to the pond with Sphagnum,the pond lacking the moss mat should have

If the kingdom Plantae is someday expanded to include the charophytes,then the shared derived characteristics of the kingdom will include 1)rings of cellulose-synthesizing complexes. 2)chlorophylls a and b. 3)alternation of generations. 4)cell walls of cellulose. 5)ability to synthesize sporopollenin.

Which of the following is true of seedless vascular plants?

Refer to the following information to answer the next few questions. Researchers decided to test the hypothesis that if the 2-m tall Polytrichum gametophyte-sporophyte plants had acted as a physical buffer,then they would have reduced water's ability to erode the soil and carry away its nitrogen.They began with four equal-sized areas where Polytrichum mosses grew to a height of 2 m above the soil surface.One of the four areas was not modified.In the second area,the mosses were trimmed to a height of 1 m above the soil surface.In the third area,the mosses were trimmed to a height of 0.5 m above the soil surface.In the fourth area,the mosses were trimmed all the way to the ground,leaving only the rhizoids.Water,simulating rainfall,was then added in a controlled fashion to all plots over the course of one year.The figure below presents four graphs that depict potential results of this experiment. -Which of these potential results of applying a metabolic poison to the rhizoids of Polytrichum should interfere the least with the ability to draw valid conclusions from this experiment?

How could you determine if a plant is heterosporous?

The following questions refer to the description below. There are many advantages for plants to living in an aqueous environment.For example,water provides support,the temperature of water fluctuates much less than on land,and external fertilization is facilitated in water.Nevertheless,plants successfully invaded land and diversified. -Which problem with growing on land does not fit with the adaptation to survive dry terrestrial conditions?