Question 1

Sexual reproduction

Accepted Answer

A) allows animals to conserve resources and reproduce only during optimal conditions. 
B) can produce diverse phenotypes that may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment. 
C) yields more numerous offspring more rapidly than is possible with asexual reproduction. 
D) enables males and females to remain isolated from each other while rapidly colonizing habitats. 
E) guarantees that both parents will provide care for each offspring. 
A) allows animals to conserve resources and reproduce only during optimal conditions. 
B) can produce diverse phenotypes that may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment. 
C) yields more numerous offspring more rapidly than is possible with asexual reproduction. 
D) enables males and females to remain isolated from each other while rapidly colonizing habitats. 
E) guarantees that both parents will provide care for each offspring. B

Question 2

Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?

Accepted Answer

A) An individual may change its sex during its lifetime. 
B) Specialized groups of cells grow into new individuals. 
C) An organism is first a male and then a female. 
D) An egg develops without being fertilized. 
E) Both mates have male and female reproductive organs. 
A) An individual may change its sex during its lifetime. 
B) Specialized groups of cells grow into new individuals. 
C) An organism is first a male and then a female. 
D) An egg develops without being fertilized. 
E) Both mates have male and female reproductive organs. D

Question 3

Menopause is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) reduced synthesis of ovarian steroids despite high levels of gonadotropin hormones. 
B) a decline in production of the gonadotropin hormones by the anterior pituitary gland. 
C) wearing away of the uterine endometrium. 
D) an increase in the blood supply to the ovaries. 
E) a halt in the synthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the brain. 
A) reduced synthesis of ovarian steroids despite high levels of gonadotropin hormones. 
B) a decline in production of the gonadotropin hormones by the anterior pituitary gland. 
C) wearing away of the uterine endometrium. 
D) an increase in the blood supply to the ovaries. 
E) a halt in the synthesis of gonadotropin-releasing hormone by the brain. A

Question 4

Refer to the following figure,which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female,to answer the following questions.
  
-In the above figure,which letter points to the cervix?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 5

Fertilization of human eggs usually takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A) ovary. 
B) uterus. 
C) vagina. 
D) oviduct. 
E) cervix. 
A) ovary. 
B) uterus. 
C) vagina. 
D) oviduct. 
E) cervix.

Question 6

Most flatworms,including parasitic liver flukes,are hermaphrodites that form zygotes as the result of

Accepted Answer

A) internal fertilization. 
B) external fertilization. 
C) parthenogenesis. 
D) eggs and sperm mixing together in excreted feces. 
E) eggs and sperm mixing together in waste water. 
A) internal fertilization. 
B) external fertilization. 
C) parthenogenesis. 
D) eggs and sperm mixing together in excreted feces. 
E) eggs and sperm mixing together in waste water.

Question 7

Imagine that a woman is in the final week of her pregnancy.Her doctor gives her an injection of oxytocin.The likely result of this is that the pregnant woman would

Accepted Answer

A) undergo the loss of oxytocin receptors from her uterine smooth muscle cells. 
B) stop secreting prostaglandins from the placenta. 
C) undergo vigorous contractions of her uterine muscles. 
D) increase the synthesis and secretion of progesterone. 
E) be prevented from lactation. 
A) undergo the loss of oxytocin receptors from her uterine smooth muscle cells. 
B) stop secreting prostaglandins from the placenta. 
C) undergo vigorous contractions of her uterine muscles. 
D) increase the synthesis and secretion of progesterone. 
E) be prevented from lactation.

Question 8

In correct chronological order,the three phases of the human ovarian cycle are

Accepted Answer

A) menstrual → ovulation → luteal. 
B) follicular → luteal → secretory. 
C) menstrual → proliferative → secretory. 
D) follicular → ovulation → luteal. 
E) proliferative → luteal → ovulation. 
A) menstrual → ovulation → luteal. 
B) follicular → luteal → secretory. 
C) menstrual → proliferative → secretory. 
D) follicular → ovulation → luteal. 
E) proliferative → luteal → ovulation.

Question 9

Sexual reproduction patterns include the example of

Accepted Answer

A) fragmentation. 
B) budding. 
C) hermaphroditism. 
D) parthenogenesis. 
E) fission. 
A) fragmentation. 
B) budding. 
C) hermaphroditism. 
D) parthenogenesis. 
E) fission.

Question 10

Time-release progesterone implants function in contraception by

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the frequency of ovulation. 
B) thickening the cervical and uterine mucus to impair sperm movement. 
C) increasing gonadotropin secretion to abnormally high levels. 
D) reducing libido. 
E) activating inflammation responses in the uterus. 
A) increasing the frequency of ovulation. 
B) thickening the cervical and uterine mucus to impair sperm movement. 
C) increasing gonadotropin secretion to abnormally high levels. 
D) reducing libido. 
E) activating inflammation responses in the uterus.

Question 11

Refer to the following figure,which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female,to answer the following questions.
  
-In the above figure,which letter points to the uterus?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 12

After having a vasectomy,which structure no longer contributes to the production of semen?

Accepted Answer

A) bulbourethral gland 
B) seminiferous tubules 
C) prostate gland 
D) ejaculatory duct 
E) seminal vesicle 
A) bulbourethral gland 
B) seminiferous tubules 
C) prostate gland 
D) ejaculatory duct 
E) seminal vesicle

Question 13

Environmental cues that influence the timing of reproduction generally do so by

Accepted Answer

A) increasing the body temperature. 
B) providing access to water for external fertilization. 
C) increasing ambient temperature to that which is comfortable for sex. 
D) direct effects on gonadal structures. 
E) direct effects on hormonal control mechanisms. 
A) increasing the body temperature. 
B) providing access to water for external fertilization. 
C) increasing ambient temperature to that which is comfortable for sex. 
D) direct effects on gonadal structures. 
E) direct effects on hormonal control mechanisms.

Question 14

Prior to ovulation,the primary steroid hormone secreted by the growing follicle is

Accepted Answer

A) LH. 
B) FSH. 
C) inhibin. 
D) GnRH. 
E) estradiol. 
A) LH. 
B) FSH. 
C) inhibin. 
D) GnRH. 
E) estradiol.

Question 15

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that

Accepted Answer

A) they both have the same number of chromosomes. 
B) they are approximately the same size. 
C) they each have a flagellum that provides motility. 
D) they are produced from puberty until death. 
E) they are formed before birth. 
A) they both have the same number of chromosomes. 
B) they are approximately the same size. 
C) they each have a flagellum that provides motility. 
D) they are produced from puberty until death. 
E) they are formed before birth.

Question 16

What is the embryo-produced hormone that maintains progesterone and estrogen secretion by the corpus luteum through the first trimester of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C) progesterone 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 
E) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) 
A) luteinizing hormone (LH) 
B) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
C) progesterone 
D) human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) 
E) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 17

In vertebrate animals,spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in that

Accepted Answer

A) oogenesis begins at the onset of sexual maturity, whereas spermatogenesis begins during embryonic development. 
B) oogenesis produces four haploid cells, whereas spermatogenesis produces only one functional spermatozoon. 
C) cytokinesis is unequal in oogenesis, whereas it is equal in spermatogenesis. 
D) oogenesis ends at menopause, whereas spermatogenesis is finished before birth. 
E) spermatogenesis is not completed until after fertilization occurs, but oogenesis is completed by the time a girl is born. 
A) oogenesis begins at the onset of sexual maturity, whereas spermatogenesis begins during embryonic development. 
B) oogenesis produces four haploid cells, whereas spermatogenesis produces only one functional spermatozoon. 
C) cytokinesis is unequal in oogenesis, whereas it is equal in spermatogenesis. 
D) oogenesis ends at menopause, whereas spermatogenesis is finished before birth. 
E) spermatogenesis is not completed until after fertilization occurs, but oogenesis is completed by the time a girl is born.

Question 18

Which of the following methods of asexual reproduction is incorrectly paired with the corresponding species?

Accepted Answer

A) fragmentation and regeneration - palolo worm 
B) budding - stony coral 
C) hermaphroditism - bluehead wrasse 
D) fission - sea anemone 
E) parthenogenesis - honey bee 
A) fragmentation and regeneration - palolo worm 
B) budding - stony coral 
C) hermaphroditism - bluehead wrasse 
D) fission - sea anemone 
E) parthenogenesis - honey bee

Question 19

Internal and external fertilization both

Accepted Answer

A) produce single-celled zygotes. 
B) occur only among invertebrates. 
C) occur only among terrestrial animals. 
D) depend on the use of intermittent copulatory organs. 
E) occur only among birds. 
A) produce single-celled zygotes. 
B) occur only among invertebrates. 
C) occur only among terrestrial animals. 
D) depend on the use of intermittent copulatory organs. 
E) occur only among birds.

Question 20

Females of many insect species,including honeybee queens,can store gametes shed by their mating partners in

Accepted Answer

A) their nests. 
B) the abdominal tract. 
C) the cloaca. 
D) the uterus. 
E) the spermathecae. 
A) their nests. 
B) the abdominal tract. 
C) the cloaca. 
D) the uterus. 
E) the spermathecae.

Exam 46: Animal Reproduction

Sexual reproduction

Which of the following characterizes parthenogenesis?

Menopause is characterized by

Refer to the following figure,which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female,to answer the following questions. -In the above figure,which letter points to the cervix?

Fertilization of human eggs usually takes place in the

Most flatworms,including parasitic liver flukes,are hermaphrodites that form zygotes as the result of

Imagine that a woman is in the final week of her pregnancy.Her doctor gives her an injection of oxytocin.The likely result of this is that the pregnant woman would

In correct chronological order,the three phases of the human ovarian cycle are

Sexual reproduction patterns include the example of

Time-release progesterone implants function in contraception by

Refer to the following figure,which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human female,to answer the following questions. -In the above figure,which letter points to the uterus?

After having a vasectomy,which structure no longer contributes to the production of semen?

Environmental cues that influence the timing of reproduction generally do so by

Prior to ovulation,the primary steroid hormone secreted by the growing follicle is

Mature human sperm and ova are similar in that

What is the embryo-produced hormone that maintains progesterone and estrogen secretion by the corpus luteum through the first trimester of pregnancy?

In vertebrate animals,spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in that

Which of the following methods of asexual reproduction is incorrectly paired with the corresponding species?

Internal and external fertilization both

Females of many insect species,including honeybee queens,can store gametes shed by their mating partners in

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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