Question 1

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

A) Oil and water do not mix well. 
B) A lake heats up more slowly than the air around it. 
C) Ice floats on water. 
D) Sugar dissolves in hot tea faster than in iced tea. 
E) We experience a cooling effect when we sweat. 
A) Oil and water do not mix well. 
B) A lake heats up more slowly than the air around it. 
C) Ice floats on water. 
D) Sugar dissolves in hot tea faster than in iced tea. 
E) We experience a cooling effect when we sweat.

Question 2

Hydrogen bonding in water is a result of

Accepted Answer

A) the electronegativity of hydrogen atoms. 
B) the electronegativity of oxygen creating partially positive hydrogen atoms. 
C) the single electron in hydrogen, allowing for covalent bonds with other molecules. 
D) the linear shape of the water molecule. 
E) the ionic charge of water. 
A) the electronegativity of hydrogen atoms. 
B) the electronegativity of oxygen creating partially positive hydrogen atoms. 
C) the single electron in hydrogen, allowing for covalent bonds with other molecules. 
D) the linear shape of the water molecule. 
E) the ionic charge of water.

Question 3

A 0.01 M solution of a substance has a pH of 2.What can you conclude about this substance?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a strong acid that ionizes completely in water. 
B) It is a strong base that ionizes completely in water. 
C) It is a weak acid. 
D) It is a weak base. 
E) It is neither an acid nor a base. 
A) It is a strong acid that ionizes completely in water. 
B) It is a strong base that ionizes completely in water. 
C) It is a weak acid. 
D) It is a weak base. 
E) It is neither an acid nor a base.

Question 4

How would acidification of sea water affect marine organisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Acidification would increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
B) Acidification would decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
C) Acidification would increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
D) Acidification would decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
E) Acidification would increase dissolved bicarbonate concentrations, and cause increased calcification of corals and shellfish. 
A) Acidification would increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
B) Acidification would decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and promote faster growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
C) Acidification would increase dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
D) Acidification would decrease dissolved carbonate concentrations and hinder growth of corals and shell-building animals. 
E) Acidification would increase dissolved bicarbonate concentrations, and cause increased calcification of corals and shellfish.

Question 5

The only common substance on earth,which occurs naturally in all three physical states,is

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen. 
B) carbon. 
C) nitrogen. 
D) sodium chloride. 
E) water. 
A) oxygen. 
B) carbon. 
C) nitrogen. 
D) sodium chloride. 
E) water.

Question 6

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake?

Accepted Answer

A) 10⁻¹⁰ M 
B) 10⁻⁴ M 
C) 10⁻⁷ M 
D) 10⁻¹⁴ M 
E) 10 M 
A) 10⁻¹⁰ M 
B) 10⁻⁴ M 
C) 10⁻⁷ M 
D) 10⁻¹⁴ M 
E) 10 M

Question 7

How many molecules of glycerol would be present in 1 L of a 1 M glycerol solution?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 × 10⁶ 
B) 14 × 6.02 × 10²³ 
C) 92 × 6.02 × 10²³ 
D) 6)02 × 10²⁶ 
E) 6)02 × 10²³ 
A) 1 × 10⁶ 
B) 14 × 6.02 × 10²³ 
C) 92 × 6.02 × 10²³ 
D) 6)02 × 10²⁶ 
E) 6)02 × 10²³

Question 8

Why does evaporation of water from a surface cause cooling of the surface?

Accepted Answer

A) The breaking of bonds between water molecules absorbs heat. 
B) The water molecules with the most heat energy evaporate more readily. 
C) The solute molecules left behind absorb heat. 
D) Water molecules absorb heat from the surface in order to acquire enough energy to evaporate. 
E) The expansion of water vapor extracts heat from the surface. 
A) The breaking of bonds between water molecules absorbs heat. 
B) The water molecules with the most heat energy evaporate more readily. 
C) The solute molecules left behind absorb heat. 
D) Water molecules absorb heat from the surface in order to acquire enough energy to evaporate. 
E) The expansion of water vapor extracts heat from the surface.

Question 9

A dietary calorie equals 1 kilocalorie.Which of the following statements correctly defines 1 kilocalorie?

Accepted Answer

A) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1000°C 
B) 100 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 100 g of water by 1°C 
C) 10 000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°F 
D) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C 
E) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 100 g of water by 100°C 
A) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1000°C 
B) 100 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 100 g of water by 1°C 
C) 10 000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°F 
D) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1°C 
E) 1000 calories, or the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 100 g of water by 100°C

Question 10

Water is densest at

Accepted Answer

A) ⁻4°C. 
B) 0°C. 
C) 2°C. 
D) 4°C. 
E) 8°C. 
A) ⁻4°C. 
B) 0°C. 
C) 2°C. 
D) 4°C. 
E) 8°C.

Question 11

Which of these molecules would be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) Both of these molecules
  
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) Both of these molecules

Question 12

The molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of solution is 1 L. 
B) Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
D) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.5 L of water. 
A) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of solution is 1 L. 
B) Dissolve 90 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
C) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in a small volume of water, and then add more water until the total volume of the solution is 1 L. 
D) Dissolve 0.5 g of glucose in 1 L of water. 
E) Dissolve 180 g of glucose in 0.5 L of water.

Question 13

One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).Carbonic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)and a hydrogen ion (H⁺).Thus,
H₂CO₃ ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
If the pH of the blood drops,one would expect

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
B) the concentration of hydroxide ion (OH⁻)to increase. 
C) the concentration of bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)to increase. 
D) the HCO₃⁻ to act as a base and remove excess H⁺ with the formation of H₂CO₃. 
E) the HCO₃⁻ to act as an acid and remove excess H⁺ with the formation of H₂CO₃. 
A) a decrease in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
B) the concentration of hydroxide ion (OH⁻)to increase. 
C) the concentration of bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)to increase. 
D) the HCO₃⁻ to act as a base and remove excess H⁺ with the formation of H₂CO₃. 
E) the HCO₃⁻ to act as an acid and remove excess H⁺ with the formation of H₂CO₃.

Question 14

A strong acid like HCl

Accepted Answer

A) ionizes completely in an aqueous solution. 
B) increases the pH when added to an aqueous solution. 
C) reacts with strong bases to create a buffered solution. 
D) is a strong buffer at low pH. 
E) both ionizes completely in aqueous solutions and is a strong buffer at low pH. 
A) ionizes completely in an aqueous solution. 
B) increases the pH when added to an aqueous solution. 
C) reacts with strong bases to create a buffered solution. 
D) is a strong buffer at low pH. 
E) both ionizes completely in aqueous solutions and is a strong buffer at low pH.

Question 15

Which of the following effects is produced by the high surface tension of water?

Accepted Answer

A) Lakes don't freeze solid in winter, despite low temperatures. 
B) A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond. 
C) Organisms resist temperature changes, although they give off heat due to chemical reactions. 
D) Evaporation of sweat from the skin helps to keep people from overheating. 
E) Water flows upward from the roots to the leaves in plants. 
A) Lakes don't freeze solid in winter, despite low temperatures. 
B) A water strider can walk across the surface of a small pond. 
C) Organisms resist temperature changes, although they give off heat due to chemical reactions. 
D) Evaporation of sweat from the skin helps to keep people from overheating. 
E) Water flows upward from the roots to the leaves in plants.

Question 16

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

Accepted Answer

A) 4)0 M 
B) 10⁻¹⁰ M 
C) 10⁻⁴ M 
D) 10⁴ M 
E) 4% 
A) 4)0 M 
B) 10⁻¹⁰ M 
C) 10⁻⁴ M 
D) 10⁴ M 
E) 4%

Question 17

Water has many exceptional and useful properties.Which is the rarest property among compounds?

Accepted Answer

A) Water is a solvent. 
B) Solid water is less dense than liquid water. 
C) Water has a high heat capacity. 
D) Water has a high surface tension. 
E) Water has a high heat of evaporation. 
A) Water is a solvent. 
B) Solid water is less dense than liquid water. 
C) Water has a high heat capacity. 
D) Water has a high surface tension. 
E) Water has a high heat of evaporation.

Question 18

Which of the following correctly describes thermal energy?

Accepted Answer

A) Thermal energy is defined as temperature. 
B) Thermal energy is the controlled energy of motion. 
C) Thermal energy is the random movement of molecules. 
D) Thermal energy is not dependent on volume. 
E) Thermal energy is the energy possessed based on position relative to others. 
A) Thermal energy is defined as temperature. 
B) Thermal energy is the controlled energy of motion. 
C) Thermal energy is the random movement of molecules. 
D) Thermal energy is not dependent on volume. 
E) Thermal energy is the energy possessed based on position relative to others.

Question 19

One of the buffers that contributes to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).Carbonic acid is a weak acid that,when placed in an aqueous solution,dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)and a hydrogen ion (H⁺).Thus,H₂CO₃ ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺
If the pH of the blood increases,one would expect

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
B) an increase in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
C) a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and an increase in the concentration of H⁺. 
D) an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and a decrease in the concentration of OH⁻. 
E) a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and an increase in the concentration of both H₂CO₃ and H⁺. 
A) a decrease in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
B) an increase in the concentration of H₂CO₃ and a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻. 
C) a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and an increase in the concentration of H⁺. 
D) an increase in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and a decrease in the concentration of OH⁻. 
E) a decrease in the concentration of HCO₃⁻ and an increase in the concentration of both H₂CO₃ and H⁺.

Question 20

You have a freshly prepared 0.1 M solution of glucose in water.Each litre of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) 6)02 × 10²³ 
B) 3)01 × 10²³ 
C) 6)02 × 10²⁴ 
D) 12.04 × 10²³ 
E) 6)02 × 10²² 
A) 6)02 × 10²³ 
B) 3)01 × 10²³ 
C) 6)02 × 10²⁴ 
D) 12.04 × 10²³ 
E) 6)02 × 10²²

Exam 3: Water and Life

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

Hydrogen bonding in water is a result of

A 0.01 M solution of a substance has a pH of 2.What can you conclude about this substance?

How would acidification of sea water affect marine organisms?

The only common substance on earth,which occurs naturally in all three physical states,is

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydroxide ion concentration of the lake?

How many molecules of glycerol would be present in 1 L of a 1 M glycerol solution?

Why does evaporation of water from a surface cause cooling of the surface?

A dietary calorie equals 1 kilocalorie.Which of the following statements correctly defines 1 kilocalorie?

Water is densest at

Which of these molecules would be soluble in water?

The molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol.Which of the following procedures should you carry out to make a 0.5 M solution of glucose?

One of the buffers that contribute to pH stability in human blood is carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).Carbonic acid is a weak acid that dissociates into a bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻)and a hydrogen ion (H⁺).Thus, H₂CO₃ ↔ HCO₃⁻ + H⁺ If the pH of the blood drops,one would expect

A strong acid like HCl

Which of the following effects is produced by the high surface tension of water?

Measurements show that the pH of a particular lake is 4.0.What is the hydrogen ion concentration of the lake?

Water has many exceptional and useful properties.Which is the rarest property among compounds?

Which of the following correctly describes thermal energy?

You have a freshly prepared 0.1 M solution of glucose in water.Each litre of this solution contains how many glucose molecules?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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