Question 1

The process of cell division is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Meiosis. 
B) Cell cycle. 
C) Mitosis. 
D) Allele. 
A) Meiosis. 
B) Cell cycle. 
C) Mitosis. 
D) Allele.

Question 2

The chromosome abnormality type that results in a daughter cell with an extra chromosome, or trisomy, or a daughter cell with a loss of chromosome is characterized as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Constitutional aberration or mosaic 
B) Numerical aberration 
C) Structural aberration 
D) Acquired aberration 
A) Constitutional aberration or mosaic 
B) Numerical aberration 
C) Structural aberration 
D) Acquired aberration

Question 3

The first abnormality described in the lymphomas was in Burkitt lymphoma.This first demonstration of a proto-oncogene that was translocated to a location known to be active in B cell lymphoma, resulting in the activation of the oncogene, was at what heavy chain locus?

Accepted Answer

A) t(12;21) 
B) t(8;14) 
C) 14q32 
D) P13;q22 
A) t(12;21) 
B) t(8;14) 
C) 14q32 
D) P13;q22

Question 4

Monosomy is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) Polyploidy. 
B) Aneuploidy. 
C) Nondisjunction. 
D) Anaphase lag. 
A) Polyploidy. 
B) Aneuploidy. 
C) Nondisjunction. 
D) Anaphase lag.

Question 5

A 60-year-old patient is admitted to the local hospital presenting with petechiae on his upper torso.Physical examination revealed a thin, pale man.Admission labs come back and the results reveal 50% blasts and 25% hypergranular promyelocytes present.A bone marrow aspirate is ordered that confirms the peripheral blood picture.Cytogenetic analysis revealed the following: t (11; 17) (q23; q21).How will this impact the patient's care?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient has a poorer prognosis because of the chromosomal aberration. 
B) The patient has a favorable prognosis because of the chromosomal aberration. 
C) The patient will be responsive to all trans-retinoic acid. 
D) The patient will be resistant to all trans-retinoic acid, so another treatment will be needed. 
A) The patient has a poorer prognosis because of the chromosomal aberration. 
B) The patient has a favorable prognosis because of the chromosomal aberration. 
C) The patient will be responsive to all trans-retinoic acid. 
D) The patient will be resistant to all trans-retinoic acid, so another treatment will be needed.

Question 6

Acute myeloid leukemia patients have acquired clonal chromosome aberrations in the leukemic blast cells.One cytogenetic aberration is identified as 11q23 abnormality with a MLL gene rearrangement.What is the typical morphologic feature?

Accepted Answer

A) Myelocytic 
B) Monocytic 
C) Lymphocytic 
D) Promyelocytic 
A) Myelocytic 
B) Monocytic 
C) Lymphocytic 
D) Promyelocytic

Question 7

Which of the following is an appropriate specimen source for cytogenetic analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) A source with nucleated cells that can be manipulated into mitosis 
B) A source with normal constitutive proteins and nucleic acids 
C) A source of cell aggregates 
D) Any cell that contains DNA 
A) A source with nucleated cells that can be manipulated into mitosis 
B) A source with normal constitutive proteins and nucleic acids 
C) A source of cell aggregates 
D) Any cell that contains DNA

Question 8

What is the main difference between nondisjunction and anaphase lag?

Accepted Answer

A) Nondisjunction results in a trisomy and monosomy, whereas anaphase lag results in a monosomy only. 
B) Nondisjunction results in polyploidy, whereas anaphase lag results in aneuploidy. 
C) Anaphase lag results in a non-viable cell, whereas nondisjunction results in a viable cell. 
D) There is no difference between anaphase lag and Nondisjunction. 
A) Nondisjunction results in a trisomy and monosomy, whereas anaphase lag results in a monosomy only. 
B) Nondisjunction results in polyploidy, whereas anaphase lag results in aneuploidy. 
C) Anaphase lag results in a non-viable cell, whereas nondisjunction results in a viable cell. 
D) There is no difference between anaphase lag and Nondisjunction.

Question 9

Which of the following terms is used to describe a chromosomal aberration present in a human cell that is a multiple of n?

Accepted Answer

A) Trisomy 
B) Aneuploid 
C) Polyploidy 
D) Diploid 
A) Trisomy 
B) Aneuploid 
C) Polyploidy 
D) Diploid

Question 10

What is the composition of the nucleotides in the chromosome structure?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphate and DNA 
B) Ribose, deoxyribose, phosphate, and a base 
C) Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and pyrimidine 
D) Uracil and thymine 
A) Phosphate and DNA 
B) Ribose, deoxyribose, phosphate, and a base 
C) Adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and pyrimidine 
D) Uracil and thymine

Question 11

The cell cycle contains four phases: G1, S, G2, and mitosis.Which phase must be active to study human chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) S 
B) G2 
C) G1 
D) Mitosis 
A) S 
B) G2 
C) G1 
D) Mitosis

Question 12

A 3-year-old girl is confirmed to have ALL by immunophenotyping.The patient is positive for the CALLA antigen.Cytogenetic analysis results indicate the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome.What does this mean for the patient?

Accepted Answer

A) The patient has a poor prognosis. 
B) The patient has a good prognosis. 
C) The patient has an atypical presentation. 
D) The patient will be responsive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. 
A) The patient has a poor prognosis. 
B) The patient has a good prognosis. 
C) The patient has an atypical presentation. 
D) The patient will be responsive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Question 13

A cytogenetic analysis is performed, and the result is: inv (7) (q21q32).Name the structural aberration, and explain how it was formed.

Accepted Answer

This structural aberration is an example

Question 14

A patient is receiving chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma.After his treatment ends, a cytogenetic analysis is ordered to see if the treatment was successful.Which of the following would be the most appropriate specimen to collect for this?

Accepted Answer

A) Bone marrow 
B) Lymphoid tissue 
C) Peripheral blood 
D) Skin biopsy 
A) Bone marrow 
B) Lymphoid tissue 
C) Peripheral blood 
D) Skin biopsy

Question 15

Incubation with ________ stops rapid cell division in metaphase and occurs _______ incubation in hypotonic solution.

Accepted Answer

A) KCl; after 
B) Carnoy's fixative; before 
C) Giemsa stain; after 
D) Colchicine; before 
A) KCl; after 
B) Carnoy's fixative; before 
C) Giemsa stain; after 
D) Colchicine; before

Exam 37: Chromosome Analysis of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Disorders

The process of cell division is called:

The chromosome abnormality type that results in a daughter cell with an extra chromosome, or trisomy, or a daughter cell with a loss of chromosome is characterized as which of the following?

The first abnormality described in the lymphomas was in Burkitt lymphoma.This first demonstration of a proto-oncogene that was translocated to a location known to be active in B cell lymphoma, resulting in the activation of the oncogene, was at what heavy chain locus?

Monosomy is an example of:

Acute myeloid leukemia patients have acquired clonal chromosome aberrations in the leukemic blast cells.One cytogenetic aberration is identified as 11q23 abnormality with a MLL gene rearrangement.What is the typical morphologic feature?

Which of the following is an appropriate specimen source for cytogenetic analysis?

What is the main difference between nondisjunction and anaphase lag?

Which of the following terms is used to describe a chromosomal aberration present in a human cell that is a multiple of n?

What is the composition of the nucleotides in the chromosome structure?

The cell cycle contains four phases: G1, S, G2, and mitosis.Which phase must be active to study human chromosomes?

A 3-year-old girl is confirmed to have ALL by immunophenotyping.The patient is positive for the CALLA antigen.Cytogenetic analysis results indicate the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome.What does this mean for the patient?

A cytogenetic analysis is performed, and the result is: inv (7) (q21q32).Name the structural aberration, and explain how it was formed.

A patient is receiving chemotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma.After his treatment ends, a cytogenetic analysis is ordered to see if the treatment was successful.Which of the following would be the most appropriate specimen to collect for this?

Incubation with ________ stops rapid cell division in metaphase and occurs _______ incubation in hypotonic solution.

Introduction

Cellular Homeostasis

Hematopoiesis

Structure and Function of Hematopoietic Organs

The Erythrocyte

Hemoglobin

The Leukocyte

Introduction to Anemia

Anemias of Disordered Iron Metabolism and Heme Synthesis

Hemoglobinopaties: Qualitative Defects

Thalassemia

Megaloblastic and Nonmegaloblastic Macrocytic Anemias

Introduction to Hemolytic Anemia

Hemolytic Anemia: Membrane Defects

Hemolytic Anemia: Enzyme Deficiencies

Hemolytic Anemia: Immune Anemias

Hemolytic Anemia: Nonimmune Defects

Nonmalignant Granulocyte and Monocyte Disorders

Nonmalignant Lymphocyte Disorders

Introduction to Hematopoietic Neoplasms

Myeloproliferative Disorders

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Myeloid Leukemias

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias

Lymphoid Malignancies: Chronic Lymphoid Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Plasma Cell Neoplasms

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Morphologic Analysis of Body Fluids in the Hematology Laboratory

Primary Hemostasis

Secondary Hemostasis and Fibrinolysis

Disorders of Primary Hemostasis

Disorders of Secondary Hemostasis

Thrombophilia

Hematology Procedures and Hemostasis

Bone Marrow Examination

Automation in Hematology and Hemostasis

Flow Cytometry

Molecular Analysis of Hematologic Diseases

Laboratory Testing in Coagulation

Quality Assessment in the Hematology Laboratory

Filters

Incubation with __ stops rapid cell division in metaphase and occurs _ incubation in hypotonic solution.