Question 1

Scientific study of the population cycles of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, has revealed that

Accepted Answer

A) the prey population is controlled by predators alone. 
B) hares and lynx are so mutually dependent that each species cannot survive without the other. 
C) multiple biotic and abiotic factors contribute to the cycling of hare and lynx populations. 
D) both hare and lynx populations are regulated mainly by abiotic factors. 
E) the hare population is r-selected and the lynx population is K-selected. 
A) the prey population is controlled by predators alone. 
B) hares and lynx are so mutually dependent that each species cannot survive without the other. 
C) multiple biotic and abiotic factors contribute to the cycling of hare and lynx populations. 
D) both hare and lynx populations are regulated mainly by abiotic factors. 
E) the hare population is r-selected and the lynx population is K-selected. C

Question 2

Demography is the study of

Accepted Answer

A) the vital statistics of populations and how they change over time. 
B) death and emigration rates of a population at any moment in time. 
C) the survival patterns of a population. 
D) life expectancy of individuals within a population. 
E) reproductive rates of a population during a given year. 
A) the vital statistics of populations and how they change over time. 
B) death and emigration rates of a population at any moment in time. 
C) the survival patterns of a population. 
D) life expectancy of individuals within a population. 
E) reproductive rates of a population during a given year. A

Question 3

A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics?
I. inhabiting the same general area
II. individuals belonging to the same species
III. possessing a constant and uniform density and dispersion

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) III only 
C) I and II only 
D) II and III only 
E) I, II, and III 
A) I only 
B) III only 
C) I and II only 
D) II and III only 
E) I, II, and III C

Question 4

Population ecologists follow the fate of same-age cohorts to

Accepted Answer

A) determine a population's carrying capacity. 
B) determine if a population is regulated by density-dependent processes. 
C) determine the birth rate and death rate of each group in a population. 
D) determine the factors that regulate the size of a population. 
E) determine if a population's growth is cyclic. 
A) determine a population's carrying capacity. 
B) determine if a population is regulated by density-dependent processes. 
C) determine the birth rate and death rate of each group in a population. 
D) determine the factors that regulate the size of a population. 
E) determine if a population's growth is cyclic.

Question 5

Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as the creosote bush are most often associated with

Accepted Answer

A) chance. 
B) patterns of high humidity. 
C) the random distribution of seeds. 
D) competitive interactions among individuals in the population. 
E) the concentration of nutrients within the population's range. 
A) chance. 
B) patterns of high humidity. 
C) the random distribution of seeds. 
D) competitive interactions among individuals in the population. 
E) the concentration of nutrients within the population's range.

Question 6

Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1 to answer the following questions.
   
Figure 53.1
-Which curve best describes survivorship in a marine crustacean that molts?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1...

Question 7

Long-term studies of Belding's ground squirrels show that immigrants move nearly 2 km from where they are born and make up 1 to 8% of the males and 0.7 to 6% of the females in other populations. On an evolutionary scale, why is this significant?

Accepted Answer

A) These immigrants make up for the deaths of individuals keeping the other populations' size stable. 
B) Young reproductive males tend to stay in their home population and are not driven out by other territorial males. 
C) These immigrants provide a source of genetic diversity for the other populations. 
D) Those individuals that emigrate to these new populations are looking for less crowded conditions with more resources. 
E) Gradually, the populations of ground squirrels will move from a uniform to a clumped population pattern of dispersion. 
A) These immigrants make up for the deaths of individuals keeping the other populations' size stable. 
B) Young reproductive males tend to stay in their home population and are not driven out by other territorial males. 
C) These immigrants provide a source of genetic diversity for the other populations. 
D) Those individuals that emigrate to these new populations are looking for less crowded conditions with more resources. 
E) Gradually, the populations of ground squirrels will move from a uniform to a clumped population pattern of dispersion.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about human population in industrialized countries is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Average family size is relatively small. 
B) The population has undergone the demographic transition. 
C) Life history is r-selected. 
D) The survivorship curve is Type I. 
E) Age distribution is relatively uniform. 
A) Average family size is relatively small. 
B) The population has undergone the demographic transition. 
C) Life history is r-selected. 
D) The survivorship curve is Type I. 
E) Age distribution is relatively uniform.

Question 9

To measure the population of lake trout in a 250 hectare lake, 200 individuals were netted and marked with a fin clip, and then returned to the lake. The next week, the lake is netted again, and out of the 200 lake trout that are caught, 50 have fin clips. Using the capture-recapture estimate, the lake trout population size could be closest to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) 200 
B) 250 
C) 400 
D) 800 
E) 40,000 
A) 200 
B) 250 
C) 400 
D) 800 
E) 40,000

Question 10

Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1 to answer the following questions.
   
Figure 53.1
-Which curve best describes survivorship in humans who live in developed nations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1...

Question 11

During exponential growth, a population always

Accepted Answer

A) grows by thousands of individuals. 
B) grows at its maximum per capita rate. 
C) quickly reaches its carrying capacity. 
D) cycles through time. 
E) loses some individuals to emigration. 
A) grows by thousands of individuals. 
B) grows at its maximum per capita rate. 
C) quickly reaches its carrying capacity. 
D) cycles through time. 
E) loses some individuals to emigration.

Question 12

Which of the following can contribute to density-dependent regulation of populations?

Accepted Answer

A) the removal of toxic waste by decomposers 
B) intraspecific competition for nutrients 
C) earthquakes 
D) floods 
E) weather catastrophes 
A) the removal of toxic waste by decomposers 
B) intraspecific competition for nutrients 
C) earthquakes 
D) floods 
E) weather catastrophes

Question 13

Which of the following might be expected in the logistic model of population growth?

Accepted Answer

A) As N approaches K, b increases. 
B) As N approaches K, r increases. 
C) As N approaches K, d increases. 
D) Both A and B are True. 
E) Both B and C are True. 
A) As N approaches K, b increases. 
B) As N approaches K, r increases. 
C) As N approaches K, d increases. 
D) Both A and B are True. 
E) Both B and C are True.

Question 14

A population's carrying capacity

Accepted Answer

A) can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model. 
B) generally remains constant over time. 
C) increases as the per capita growth rate (r)decreases. 
D) may change as environmental conditions change. 
E) can never be exceeded. 
A) can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model. 
B) generally remains constant over time. 
C) increases as the per capita growth rate (r)decreases. 
D) may change as environmental conditions change. 
E) can never be exceeded.

Question 15

An ecologist recorded 12 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square mile in one woodlot and 20 per square mile on another woodlot. What was the ecologist comparing?

Accepted Answer

A) density 
B) dispersion 
C) carrying capacity 
D) quadrats 
E) range 
A) density 
B) dispersion 
C) carrying capacity 
D) quadrats 
E) range

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the evolution of life histories is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Stable environments with limited resources favor r-selected populations. 
B) K-selected populations are most often found in environments where density-independent factors are important regulators of population size. 
C) Most populations have both r- and K-selected characteristics that vary under different environmental conditions. 
D) The reproductive efforts of r-selected populations are directed at producing just a few offspring with good competitive abilities. 
E) K-selected populations rarely approach carrying capacity. 
A) Stable environments with limited resources favor r-selected populations. 
B) K-selected populations are most often found in environments where density-independent factors are important regulators of population size. 
C) Most populations have both r- and K-selected characteristics that vary under different environmental conditions. 
D) The reproductive efforts of r-selected populations are directed at producing just a few offspring with good competitive abilities. 
E) K-selected populations rarely approach carrying capacity.

Question 17

To estimate which age cohort in a population of females produces the most female offspring, you need information about the number of offspring produced per capita within that cohort and the number of individuals alive in the cohort. Make this estimate for Belding's ground squirrels by multiplying the number of females alive at the start of the year (column 2 in Table 53.1 from your textbook)by the average number of female offspring produced per female (column 5 in Table 53.2 from your textbook). Draw a bar graph with female age in years on the x-axis (0 -1, 1-2, and so on)and total number of female offspring produced for each age cohort on the y-axis. Which cohort of female Belding's ground squirrels produces the most female young?

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& The total number of female of

Question 18

Which pair of terms most accurately describes life history traits for a stable population of wolves?

Accepted Answer

A) Semelparous; r-selected 
B) Semelparous; K-selected 
C) Iteroparous; r-selected 
D) Iteroparous; K-selected 
E) Iteroparous; N-selected 
A) Semelparous; r-selected 
B) Semelparous; K-selected 
C) Iteroparous; r-selected 
D) Iteroparous; K-selected 
E) Iteroparous; N-selected

Question 19

In order to construct a reproductive table for a sexual species, you need to

Accepted Answer

A) assess sperm viability. 
B) keep track of all of the offspring of a cohort. 
C) keep track of the females in a cohort. 
D) keep track of all of the offspring of the females in a cohort. 
E) keep track of the ratio of deaths to births in a cohort. 
A) assess sperm viability. 
B) keep track of all of the offspring of a cohort. 
C) keep track of the females in a cohort. 
D) keep track of all of the offspring of the females in a cohort. 
E) keep track of the ratio of deaths to births in a cohort.

Question 20

The following questions refer to Figure 53.3, which depicts the age structure of three populations.
   
Figure 53.3
-Which population is in the process of decreasing?

Accepted Answer

A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) I and II 
E) II and III 
A) I 
B) II 
C) III 
D) I and II 
E) II and III

Exam 53: Population Ecology

Scientific study of the population cycles of the snowshoe hare and its predator, the lynx, has revealed that

Demography is the study of

A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics? I. inhabiting the same general area II. individuals belonging to the same species III. possessing a constant and uniform density and dispersion

Population ecologists follow the fate of same-age cohorts to

Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as the creosote bush are most often associated with

Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 53.1 -Which curve best describes survivorship in a marine crustacean that molts?

Long-term studies of Belding's ground squirrels show that immigrants move nearly 2 km from where they are born and make up 1 to 8% of the males and 0.7 to 6% of the females in other populations. On an evolutionary scale, why is this significant?

Which of the following statements about human population in industrialized countries is incorrect?

Use the survivorship curves in Figure 53.1 to answer the following questions. Figure 53.1 -Which curve best describes survivorship in humans who live in developed nations?

During exponential growth, a population always

Which of the following can contribute to density-dependent regulation of populations?

Which of the following might be expected in the logistic model of population growth?

A population's carrying capacity

An ecologist recorded 12 white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square mile in one woodlot and 20 per square mile on another woodlot. What was the ecologist comparing?

Which of the following statements about the evolution of life histories is correct?

Which pair of terms most accurately describes life history traits for a stable population of wolves?

In order to construct a reproductive table for a sexual species, you need to

The following questions refer to Figure 53.3, which depicts the age structure of three populations. Figure 53.3 -Which population is in the process of decreasing?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

Filters