Question 1

Deer mice in warm climates and penguins in cold climates differ in their energy budgets in that

Accepted Answer

A) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy to maintain body temperature. 
B) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy to move around. 
C) penguins can hibernate, but deer mice cannot. 
D) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy on activity and movement. 
E) penguins use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy for lactation than do deer mice. 
A) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy to maintain body temperature. 
B) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy to move around. 
C) penguins can hibernate, but deer mice cannot. 
D) deer mice use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy on activity and movement. 
E) penguins use a greater proportion of their metabolic energy for lactation than do deer mice. A

Question 2

Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together make up

Accepted Answer

A) organs. 
B) membranes. 
C) organ systems. 
D) organelles. 
E) organisms. 
A) organs. 
B) membranes. 
C) organ systems. 
D) organelles. 
E) organisms. A

Question 3

Fibroblasts secrete

Accepted Answer

A) fats. 
B) chondroitin sulfate. 
C) interstitial fluids. 
D) calcium phosphate for bone. 
E) proteins for connective fibers. 
A) fats. 
B) chondroitin sulfate. 
C) interstitial fluids. 
D) calcium phosphate for bone. 
E) proteins for connective fibers. E

Question 4

Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, a penguin, a mouse, and a snake. The __________ would have the highest total annual energy expenditure, and the __________ would have the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.

Accepted Answer

A) elephant; mouse 
B) elephant; human 
C) human; penguin 
D) mouse; snake 
E) penguin; mouse 
A) elephant; mouse 
B) elephant; human 
C) human; penguin 
D) mouse; snake 
E) penguin; mouse

Question 5

Muscles are joined to bones by

Accepted Answer

A) ligaments. 
B) tendons. 
C) loose connective tissue. 
D) Haversian systems. 
E) spindle fibers. 
A) ligaments. 
B) tendons. 
C) loose connective tissue. 
D) Haversian systems. 
E) spindle fibers.

Question 6

The epithelium type with the shortest diffusion distance is

Accepted Answer

A) simple squamous epithelium. 
B) simple cuboidal epithelium. 
C) simple columnar epithelium. 
D) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. 
E) stratified squamous epithelium. 
A) simple squamous epithelium. 
B) simple cuboidal epithelium. 
C) simple columnar epithelium. 
D) pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. 
E) stratified squamous epithelium.

Question 7

A female Burmese python incubating her eggs warms them using

Accepted Answer

A) acclimatization. 
B) torpor. 
C) evaporative cooling. 
D) non-shivering thermogenesis. 
E) shivering thermogenesis. 
A) acclimatization. 
B) torpor. 
C) evaporative cooling. 
D) non-shivering thermogenesis. 
E) shivering thermogenesis.

Question 8

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is composed of

Accepted Answer

A) several layers of box-like cells. 
B) a hierarchical arrangement of flat cells. 
C) a tight layer of square cells attached to a basement membrane. 
D) an irregularly arranged layer of pillar-like cells. 
E) a layer of ciliated, mucus-secreting cells. 
A) several layers of box-like cells. 
B) a hierarchical arrangement of flat cells. 
C) a tight layer of square cells attached to a basement membrane. 
D) an irregularly arranged layer of pillar-like cells. 
E) a layer of ciliated, mucus-secreting cells.

Question 9

All types of muscle tissue have

Accepted Answer

A) intercalated discs that allow cells to communicate. 
B) striated banding pattern seen under the microscope. 
C) cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated. 
D) a response that can be consciously controlled. 
E) interactions between actin and myosin. 
A) intercalated discs that allow cells to communicate. 
B) striated banding pattern seen under the microscope. 
C) cells that lengthen when appropriately stimulated. 
D) a response that can be consciously controlled. 
E) interactions between actin and myosin.

Question 10

When air temperature exceeds their body temperature, jackrabbits living in hot, arid lands will

Accepted Answer

A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears. 
B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears. 
C) increase movements to find a sunny area. 
D) bask in a sunny, exposed area. 
E) begin involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles. 
A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears. 
B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears. 
C) increase movements to find a sunny area. 
D) bask in a sunny, exposed area. 
E) begin involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles.

Question 11

Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals exchange matter with the environment include

Accepted Answer

A) gastrovascular activity, two-layered body, and torpedo shape. 
B) external respiratory surface, small size, and two-layered body. 
C) large volume, long tubular body, and wings. 
D) complex internal structures, small size, and large surface area. 
E) unbranched internal surface, small size, and thick covering. 
A) gastrovascular activity, two-layered body, and torpedo shape. 
B) external respiratory surface, small size, and two-layered body. 
C) large volume, long tubular body, and wings. 
D) complex internal structures, small size, and large surface area. 
E) unbranched internal surface, small size, and thick covering.

Question 12

Metabolism of specialized brown fat depots in certain animals is substantially increased during

Accepted Answer

A) acclimatization. 
B) torpor. 
C) evaporative cooling. 
D) non-shivering thermogenesis. 
E) shivering thermogenesis. 
A) acclimatization. 
B) torpor. 
C) evaporative cooling. 
D) non-shivering thermogenesis. 
E) shivering thermogenesis.

Question 13

An ectothermic organism that has few or no options when it comes to its behavioral ability to adjust its body temperature is a

Accepted Answer

A) terrestrial lizard. 
B) sea star, a marine invertebrate. 
C) bluefin tuna, a predatory fish. 
D) hummingbird. 
E) honeybee in a hive. 
A) terrestrial lizard. 
B) sea star, a marine invertebrate. 
C) bluefin tuna, a predatory fish. 
D) hummingbird. 
E) honeybee in a hive.

Question 14

Cardiac muscle is both

Accepted Answer

A) striated and branched. 
B) striated and unbranched. 
C) smooth and voluntary. 
D) striated and voluntary. 
E) smooth and involuntary. 
A) striated and branched. 
B) striated and unbranched. 
C) smooth and voluntary. 
D) striated and voluntary. 
E) smooth and involuntary.

Question 15

The following questions refer to Figure 40.1.
   
Figure 40.1
-Near the goose's abdomen, the consequence of this arrangement of the arterial and venous blood vessels is that

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature difference between the vessels is minimized by countercurrent exchange. 
B) the venous blood is as cold near the abdomen as it is near the feet. 
C) the blood in the feet as the same temperature as the blood in the abdomen. 
D) the temperature at the abdomen is less than the temperature at the feet. 
E) the goose loses the maximum possible amount of heat to the environment. 
A) the temperature difference between the vessels is minimized by countercurrent exchange. 
B) the venous blood is as cold near the abdomen as it is near the feet. 
C) the blood in the feet as the same temperature as the blood in the abdomen. 
D) the temperature at the abdomen is less than the temperature at the feet. 
E) the goose loses the maximum possible amount of heat to the environment.

Question 16

All animals, whether large or small, have

Accepted Answer

A) an external body surface that is dry. 
B) a basic body plan that resembles a two-layered sac. 
C) a body surface covered with hair to keep them warm. 
D) the ability to enter dormancy when resources become scarce. 
E) all of their living cells surrounded by an aqueous medium. 
A) an external body surface that is dry. 
B) a basic body plan that resembles a two-layered sac. 
C) a body surface covered with hair to keep them warm. 
D) the ability to enter dormancy when resources become scarce. 
E) all of their living cells surrounded by an aqueous medium.

Question 17

Endothermy

Accepted Answer

A) is a characteristic of most animals. 
B) involves production of heat through metabolism. 
C) is a term equivalent to "cold-blooded." 
D) is only seen in mammals. 
E) is only seen in insects. 
A) is a characteristic of most animals. 
B) involves production of heat through metabolism. 
C) is a term equivalent to "cold-blooded." 
D) is only seen in mammals. 
E) is only seen in insects.

Question 18

An exchange surface is in direct contact with the external environment in the

Accepted Answer

A) lungs. 
B) skeletal muscles. 
C) liver. 
D) heart. 
E) brain. 
A) lungs. 
B) skeletal muscles. 
C) liver. 
D) heart. 
E) brain.

Question 19

As body size increases among birds,

Accepted Answer

A) the body's surface area-to-volume ratio increases. 
B) the body temperature increases. 
C) the basal metabolic rate (BMR)decreases. 
D) the standard metabolic rate (SMR)decreases. 
E) the rate of energy use per cell decreases. 
A) the body's surface area-to-volume ratio increases. 
B) the body temperature increases. 
C) the basal metabolic rate (BMR)decreases. 
D) the standard metabolic rate (SMR)decreases. 
E) the rate of energy use per cell decreases.

Question 20

The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal environment is termed

Accepted Answer

A) balanced equilibrium. 
B) physiological chance. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) static equilibrium. 
E) estivation. 
A) balanced equilibrium. 
B) physiological chance. 
C) homeostasis. 
D) static equilibrium. 
E) estivation.

Exam 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Deer mice in warm climates and penguins in cold climates differ in their energy budgets in that

Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together make up

Fibroblasts secrete

Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, a penguin, a mouse, and a snake. The __________ would have the highest total annual energy expenditure, and the __________ would have the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.

Muscles are joined to bones by

The epithelium type with the shortest diffusion distance is

A female Burmese python incubating her eggs warms them using

Stratified cuboidal epithelium is composed of

All types of muscle tissue have

When air temperature exceeds their body temperature, jackrabbits living in hot, arid lands will

Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals exchange matter with the environment include

Metabolism of specialized brown fat depots in certain animals is substantially increased during

An ectothermic organism that has few or no options when it comes to its behavioral ability to adjust its body temperature is a

Cardiac muscle is both

The following questions refer to Figure 40.1. Figure 40.1 -Near the goose's abdomen, the consequence of this arrangement of the arterial and venous blood vessels is that

All animals, whether large or small, have

Endothermy

An exchange surface is in direct contact with the external environment in the

As body size increases among birds,

The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal environment is termed

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

Filters

Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, a penguin, a mouse, and a snake. The would have the highest total annual energy expenditure, and the would have the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.