Exam 29: Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Which of the following statements is True of archegonia?

Refer to the information below to answer the following questions. Researchers decided to test the hypothesis that if the 2-m tall Polytrichum gametophyte-sporophyte plants had acted as a physical buffer, then they would have reduced water's ability to erode the soil, and carry away its nitrogen. They began with four equal-sized areas where Polytrichum mosses grew to a height of 2 m above the soil surface. One of the four areas was not modified. In the second area, the mosses were trimmed to a height of 1 m above the soil surface. In the third area, the mosses were trimmed to a height of 0.5 m above the soil surface. In the fourth area, the mosses were trimmed all the way to the ground, leaving only the rhizoids. Water, simulating rainfall, was then added in a controlled fashion to all plots over the course of one year. Figure 29.2 below presents four graphs, which depict potential results of this experiment. (A) (C) (B) (D) Figure 29.2 -If the actual results most closely resembled those in Figure 29.2(A), then a further question arising from these data is: "Do the Polytrichum rhizoids have to be alive in order to reduce soil nitrogen loss, or do dead rhizoids have the same effect? " Arrange the following steps in the correct sequence to test this hypothesis: 1) Add metabolic poison to the soil of the experimental plot of mosses. 2) Apply water equally to the experimental and control plots. 3) Measure initial soil nitrogen contents of control and experimental plots. 4) Determine nitrogen loss from soil of control and experimental plots. 5) Establish two identical plots of Polytrichum mosses; one as a control, the other as the experimental treatment.

If humans had been present to build log structures during the Carboniferous period (they weren't), which plant type(s)would have been suitable sources of logs?

This organism probably belongs to the same phylum as the

The following characteristics all helped seedless plants become better adapted to land except

Sporophylls can be found in which of the following?

Bryophytes may feature all of the following at some time during their existence except

Working from deep geologic strata toward shallow geologic strata, what is the sequence in which fossils of these groups should make their first appearance? 1) charophytes 2) single-celled green algae 3) hornworts 4) plants with a dominant sporophyte

Refer to the information below to answer the following questions. Researchers decided to test the hypothesis that if the 2-m tall Polytrichum gametophyte-sporophyte plants had acted as a physical buffer, then they would have reduced water's ability to erode the soil, and carry away its nitrogen. They began with four equal-sized areas where Polytrichum mosses grew to a height of 2 m above the soil surface. One of the four areas was not modified. In the second area, the mosses were trimmed to a height of 1 m above the soil surface. In the third area, the mosses were trimmed to a height of 0.5 m above the soil surface. In the fourth area, the mosses were trimmed all the way to the ground, leaving only the rhizoids. Water, simulating rainfall, was then added in a controlled fashion to all plots over the course of one year. Figure 29.2 below presents four graphs, which depict potential results of this experiment. (A) (C) (B) (D) Figure 29.2 -Which graph of soil nitrogen loss over time in Figure 29.2 most strongly supports the hypothesis that if rhizoids had helped stabilize the soil, then less erosion and less loss of nitrogen would occur?

A number of characteristics are very similar between charophytes and members of the kingdom Plantae. Of the following, which characteristic does not provide evidence for a close evolutionary relationship between these two groups?

Which of the following characteristics of plants is absent in their closest relatives, the charophyte algae?

Why should one expect the soil's nitrogen not to be contained solely within the rhizoids of the Polytrichum mosses?

Which kind of plant tissue should lack phragmoplasts?

A fungal infection damages all peristomes, preventing them from performing their function. Which process will be directly hindered as a result?

Plant spores are produced directly by

Beginning with the germination of a moss spore, what is the sequence of structures that develop after germination? 1) embryo 2) gametes 3) sporophyte 4) protonema 5) gametophore

Bryophytes have all of the following characteristics except

The following are common to both charophytes and land plants except

Which of the following taxa includes the largest amount of genetic diversity among plantlike organisms?

During glacial periods in the early evolution of land plants, which of these is a beneficial adaptation regarding the number of stomata per unit surface area, and what accounts for it?