Question 1

Figure 10.3  
-In which cell would you expect photorespiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Cell I 
B) Cell II 
C) Cell I at night 
D) Cell II at night 
E) neither Cell I nor Cell II 
A) Cell I 
B) Cell II 
C) Cell I at night 
D) Cell II at night 
E) neither Cell I nor Cell II

Question 2

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹⁸O label. That one is

Accepted Answer

A) PGA. 
B) PGAL. 
C) glucose. 
D) RuBP. 
E) O₂. 
A) PGA. 
B) PGAL. 
C) glucose. 
D) RuBP. 
E) O₂.

Question 3

Figure 10.3  
-Which process is most directly driven by light energy?

Accepted Answer

A) creation of a pH gradient by pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane 
B) carbon fixation in the stroma 
C) reduction of NADP⁺ molecules 
D) removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules 
E) ATP synthesis 
A) creation of a pH gradient by pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane 
B) carbon fixation in the stroma 
C) reduction of NADP⁺ molecules 
D) removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules 
E) ATP synthesis

Question 4

Figure 10.3  
-The alternative pathways of photosynthesis using the C4 or CAM systems are said to be compromises. Why?

Accepted Answer

A) Each one minimizes both water loss and rate of photosynthesis. 
B) C4 compromises on water loss and CAM compromises on photorespiration. 
C) Each one both minimizes photorespiration and optimizes the Calvin cycle. 
D) CAM plants allow more water loss, while C4 plants allow less CO₂ into the plant. 
E) C4 plants allow less water loss but Cam plants but allow more water loss. 
A) Each one minimizes both water loss and rate of photosynthesis. 
B) C4 compromises on water loss and CAM compromises on photorespiration. 
C) Each one both minimizes photorespiration and optimizes the Calvin cycle. 
D) CAM plants allow more water loss, while C4 plants allow less CO₂ into the plant. 
E) C4 plants allow less water loss but Cam plants but allow more water loss.

Question 5

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
-If you ran the same experiment without passing light through a prism, what would you predict?

Accepted Answer

A) There would be no difference in results. 
B) The bacteria would be relatively evenly distributed along the algal filaments. 
C) The number of bacteria present would decrease due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration. 
D) The number of bacteria present would increase due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration. 
E) The number of bacteria would decrease due to a decrease in the temperature of the water. 
A) There would be no difference in results. 
B) The bacteria would be relatively evenly distributed along the algal filaments. 
C) The number of bacteria present would decrease due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration. 
D) The number of bacteria present would increase due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration. 
E) The number of bacteria would decrease due to a decrease in the temperature of the water.

Question 6

Figure 10.3  
-How is photosynthesis similar in C₄ and CAM plants?

Accepted Answer

A) In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B) Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C) In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D) Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark. 
E) In both cases, thylakoids are not involved in photosynthesis. 
A) In both cases, only photosystem I is used. 
B) Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle. 
C) In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially. 
D) Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark. 
E) In both cases, thylakoids are not involved in photosynthesis.

Question 7

For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants.
-Requires CO₂

Accepted Answer

A) light reactions alone 
B) the Calvin cycle alone 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
E) occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis 
A) light reactions alone 
B) the Calvin cycle alone 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
E) occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis

Question 8

Figure 10.3  
-In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to

Accepted Answer

A) substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis. 
B) oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration. 
C) the Calvin cycle. 
D) carbon fixation. 
E) reduction of NADP⁺. 
A) substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis. 
B) oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration. 
C) the Calvin cycle. 
D) carbon fixation. 
E) reduction of NADP⁺.

Question 9

Figure 10.1  
-The reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I is known as P700 because

Accepted Answer

A) there are 700 chlorophyll molecules in the center. 
B) this pigment is best at absorbing light with a wavelength of 700 nm. 
C) there are 700 photosystem I components to each chloroplast. 
D) it absorbs 700 photons per microsecond. 
E) the plastoquinone reflects light with a wavelength of 700 nm. 
A) there are 700 chlorophyll molecules in the center. 
B) this pigment is best at absorbing light with a wavelength of 700 nm. 
C) there are 700 photosystem I components to each chloroplast. 
D) it absorbs 700 photons per microsecond. 
E) the plastoquinone reflects light with a wavelength of 700 nm.

Question 10

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a by-product of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) reducing NADP⁺ 
B) splitting the water molecules 
C) chemiosmosis 
D) the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
E) the electron transfer system of photosystem II 
A) reducing NADP⁺ 
B) splitting the water molecules 
C) chemiosmosis 
D) the electron transfer system of photosystem I 
E) the electron transfer system of photosystem II

Question 11

Figure 10.1  
-Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?

Accepted Answer

A) Light energy excites electrons in the electron transport chain in a photosynthetic unit. 
B) The excitation is passed along to a molecule of P700 chlorophyll in the photosynthetic unit. 
C) The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADPH, which is thus converted to NADP⁺. 
D) The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by electrons derived from water. 
E) The splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-product. 
A) Light energy excites electrons in the electron transport chain in a photosynthetic unit. 
B) The excitation is passed along to a molecule of P700 chlorophyll in the photosynthetic unit. 
C) The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of protons to NADPH, which is thus converted to NADP⁺. 
D) The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by electrons derived from water. 
E) The splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-product.

Question 12

Figure 10.1  
-Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

Accepted Answer

A) harvesting of light energy by ATP 
B) receiving electrons from plastocyanin 
C) P680 reaction-center chlorophyll 
D) extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water 
E) passing electrons to plastoquinone 
A) harvesting of light energy by ATP 
B) receiving electrons from plastocyanin 
C) P680 reaction-center chlorophyll 
D) extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water 
E) passing electrons to plastoquinone

Question 13

Figure 10.3  
-In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (¹⁴C)dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The ¹⁴C is incorporated first into oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a

Accepted Answer

A) C₄ plant. 
B) C₃ plant. 
C) CAM plant. 
D) heterotroph. 
E) chemoautotroph. 
A) C₄ plant. 
B) C₃ plant. 
C) CAM plant. 
D) heterotroph. 
E) chemoautotroph.

Question 14

Figure 10.3  
-Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Accepted Answer

A) Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. 
B) Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs. 
C) Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. 
D) Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO₂ and other nutrients that are inorganic. 
E) Only heterotrophs require oxygen. 
A) Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. 
B) Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs. 
C) Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. 
D) Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO₂ and other nutrients that are inorganic. 
E) Only heterotrophs require oxygen.

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

Figure 10.3 -In which cell would you expect photorespiration?

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹⁸O label. That one is

Figure 10.3 -Which process is most directly driven by light energy?

Figure 10.3 -The alternative pathways of photosynthesis using the C4 or CAM systems are said to be compromises. Why?

Figure 10.3 -How is photosynthesis similar in C₄ and CAM plants?

For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. -Requires CO₂

Figure 10.3 -In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to

Figure 10.1 -The reaction-center chlorophyll of photosystem I is known as P700 because

When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a by-product of which of the following?

Figure 10.1 -Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II?

Figure 10.1 -Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

Figure 10.3 -In an experiment studying photosynthesis performed during the day, you provide a plant with radioactive carbon (¹⁴C)dioxide as a metabolic tracer. The ¹⁴C is incorporated first into oxaloacetate. The plant is best characterized as a

Figure 10.3 -Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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