Question 1

Figure 10.1  
-What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 420 mm 
B) 475 mm 
C) 575 mm 
D) 625 mm 
E) 730 mm 
A) 420 mm 
B) 475 mm 
C) 575 mm 
D) 625 mm 
E) 730 mm

Question 2

Figure 10.1  
-Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain found in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts 
B) stroma of chloroplasts 
C) inner membrane of mitochondria 
D) matrix of mitochondria 
E) cytoplasm 
A) thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts 
B) stroma of chloroplasts 
C) inner membrane of mitochondria 
D) matrix of mitochondria 
E) cytoplasm

Question 3

Figure 10.3  
-CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they

Accepted Answer

A) fix CO₂ into organic acids during the night. 
B) fix CO₂ into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells. 
C) fix CO₂ into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells. 
D) use the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO₂. 
E) use photosystems I and II at night. 
A) fix CO₂ into organic acids during the night. 
B) fix CO₂ into sugars in the bundle-sheath cells. 
C) fix CO₂ into pyruvate in the mesophyll cells. 
D) use the enzyme phosphofructokinase, which outcompetes rubisco for CO₂. 
E) use photosystems I and II at night.

Question 4

Figure 10.1  
-Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Respiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis. 
B) Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it. 
C) Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals. 
D) ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration. 
E) Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic. 
A) Respiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis. 
B) Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it. 
C) Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals. 
D) ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration. 
E) Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic.

Question 5

Figure 10.1  
-In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the stroma to the thylakoid space. Therefore the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located

Accepted Answer

A) on the side facing the thylakoid space. 
B) on the ATP molecules themselves. 
C) on the pigment molecules of PSI and PSII. 
D) on the stroma side of the membrane. 
E) built into the center of the thylkoid stack (granum). 
A) on the side facing the thylakoid space. 
B) on the ATP molecules themselves. 
C) on the pigment molecules of PSI and PSII. 
D) on the stroma side of the membrane. 
E) built into the center of the thylkoid stack (granum).

Question 6

Figure 10.2 Use the following figure and the stages labeled A, B, C, D, and E to answer the following questions.
  
-If the carbon atom of the incoming CO₂ molecule is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, where will the radioactivity be measurable after one cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) in C only 
B) in E only 
C) in C, D, and E 
D) in A, B, and C 
E) in B and C 
A) in C only 
B) in E only 
C) in C, D, and E 
D) in A, B, and C 
E) in B and C

Question 7

Figure 10.3  
-The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

Accepted Answer

A) light energy. 
B) CO₂ and ATP. 
C) H₂O and NADPH. 
D) ATP and NADPH. 
E) sugar and O₂. 
A) light energy. 
B) CO₂ and ATP. 
C) H₂O and NADPH. 
D) ATP and NADPH. 
E) sugar and O₂.

Question 8

Figure 10.1  
-Reduction of NADP⁺ occurs during

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration. 
A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration.

Question 9

Figure 10.1  
-In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

Accepted Answer

A) thylakoid membrane 
B) plasma membrane 
C) inner mitochondrial membrane 
D) A and C 
E) A, B, and C 
A) thylakoid membrane 
B) plasma membrane 
C) inner mitochondrial membrane 
D) A and C 
E) A, B, and C

Question 10

Figure 10.1  
-Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) They serve as accessory pigments. 
B) They dissipate excessive light energy. 
C) They cover the sensitive chromosomes of the plant. 
D) They reflect orange light. 
E) They take up toxins from the water. 
A) They serve as accessory pigments. 
B) They dissipate excessive light energy. 
C) They cover the sensitive chromosomes of the plant. 
D) They reflect orange light. 
E) They take up toxins from the water.

Question 11

For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants.
-Produces NADPH

Accepted Answer

A) light reactions alone 
B) the Calvin cycle alone 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
E) occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis 
A) light reactions alone 
B) the Calvin cycle alone 
C) both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle 
D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle 
E) occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis

Question 12

What are the products of the light reactions that are subsequently used by the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B) carbon dioxide and RuBP 
C) water and carbon 
D) electrons and photons 
E) ATP and NADPH 
A) oxygen and carbon dioxide 
B) carbon dioxide and RuBP 
C) water and carbon 
D) electrons and photons 
E) ATP and NADPH

Question 13

Figure 10.1  
-In a protein complex for the light reaction (a reaction center), energy is transferred from pigment molecule to pigment molecule, to a special chlorophyll a molecule, and eventually to the primary electron acceptor. Why does this occur?

Accepted Answer

A) The action spectrum of that molecule is such that it is different from other molecules of chlorophyll. 
B) The potential energy of the electron has to go back to the ground state. 
C) The molecular environment lets it boost an electron to a higher energy level and also to transfer the electron to another molecule. 
D) Each pigment molecule has to be able to act independently to excite electrons. 
E) These chlorophyll a molecules are associated with higher concentrations of ATP. 
A) The action spectrum of that molecule is such that it is different from other molecules of chlorophyll. 
B) The potential energy of the electron has to go back to the ground state. 
C) The molecular environment lets it boost an electron to a higher energy level and also to transfer the electron to another molecule. 
D) Each pigment molecule has to be able to act independently to excite electrons. 
E) These chlorophyll a molecules are associated with higher concentrations of ATP.

Question 14

Figure 10.1  
-In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from

Accepted Answer

A) the stroma to the photosystem II. 
B) the matrix to the stroma. 
C) the stroma to the thylakoid space. 
D) the intermembrane space to the matrix. 
E) ATP synthase to NADP+ reductase. 
A) the stroma to the photosystem II. 
B) the matrix to the stroma. 
C) the stroma to the thylakoid space. 
D) the intermembrane space to the matrix. 
E) ATP synthase to NADP+ reductase.

Question 15

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?

Accepted Answer

A) red and yellow 
B) blue and violet 
C) green and yellow 
D) blue, green, and red 
E) green, blue, and yellow 
A) red and yellow 
B) blue and violet 
C) green and yellow 
D) blue, green, and red 
E) green, blue, and yellow

Question 16

In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on organic synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplast membranes 
B) nuclear membranes 
C) free in the cytosol 
D) along the outer edge of the nucleoid 
E) along the inner surface of the plasma membrane 
A) chloroplast membranes 
B) nuclear membranes 
C) free in the cytosol 
D) along the outer edge of the nucleoid 
E) along the inner surface of the plasma membrane

Question 17

Figure 10.1  
-What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide 
B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide 
C) split water and release oxygen 
D) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast 
E) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide 
A) use ATP to release carbon dioxide 
B) use NADPH to release carbon dioxide 
C) split water and release oxygen 
D) transport RuBP out of the chloroplast 
E) synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide

Question 18

Figure 10.2 Use the following figure and the stages labeled A, B, C, D, and E to answer the following questions.
  
-The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A) The pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma. 
B) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of the other two measurements. 
C) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of the thylakoid space but lower than that of the cytosol. 
D) The pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that anywhere else in the cell. 
E) There is no consistent relationship. 
A) The pH within the thylakoid is less than that of the stroma. 
B) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of the other two measurements. 
C) The pH of the stroma is higher than that of the thylakoid space but lower than that of the cytosol. 
D) The pH of the thylakoid space is higher than that anywhere else in the cell. 
E) There is no consistent relationship.

Question 19

Figure 10.1  
-Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration. 
A) photosynthesis. 
B) respiration. 
C) both photosynthesis and respiration. 
D) neither photosynthesis nor respiration. 
E) photorespiration.

Question 20

Figure 10.3  
-If plant gene alterations cause the plants to be deficient in photorespiration, what would most probably occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells would carry on more photosynthesis. 
B) Cells would carry on the Calvin cycle at a much slower rate. 
C) Less ATP would be generated. 
D) There would be more light-induced damage to the cells. 
E) More sugars would be produced. 
A) Cells would carry on more photosynthesis. 
B) Cells would carry on the Calvin cycle at a much slower rate. 
C) Less ATP would be generated. 
D) There would be more light-induced damage to the cells. 
E) More sugars would be produced.

Exam 10: Photosynthesis

Figure 10.1 -What wavelength of light in the figure is most effective in driving photosynthesis?

Figure 10.1 -Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain found in plant cells?

Figure 10.3 -CAM plants keep stomata closed in daytime, thus reducing loss of water. They can do this because they

Figure 10.1 -Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Figure 10.1 -In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the stroma to the thylakoid space. Therefore the catalytic "knobs" of ATP synthase would be located

Figure 10.2 Use the following figure and the stages labeled A, B, C, D, and E to answer the following questions. -If the carbon atom of the incoming CO₂ molecule is labeled with a radioactive isotope of carbon, where will the radioactivity be measurable after one cycle?

Figure 10.3 -The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with

Figure 10.1 -Reduction of NADP⁺ occurs during

Figure 10.1 -In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

Figure 10.1 -Carotenoids are often found in foods that are considered to have antioxidant properties in human nutrition. What related function do they have in plants?

For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. -Produces NADPH

What are the products of the light reactions that are subsequently used by the Calvin cycle?

Figure 10.1 -In a protein complex for the light reaction (a reaction center), energy is transferred from pigment molecule to pigment molecule, to a special chlorophyll a molecule, and eventually to the primary electron acceptor. Why does this occur?

Figure 10.1 -In mitochondria, chemiosmosis translocates protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis translocates protons from

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?

In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on organic synthesis?

Figure 10.1 -What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

Figure 10.2 Use the following figure and the stages labeled A, B, C, D, and E to answer the following questions. -The pH of the inner thylakoid space has been measured, as have the pH of the stroma and of the cytosol of a particular plant cell. Which, if any, relationship would you expect to find?

Figure 10.1 -Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during

Figure 10.3 -If plant gene alterations cause the plants to be deficient in photorespiration, what would most probably occur?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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