Exam 55: Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

What do researchers typically focus on when they study a particular biogeochemical cycle? I.the nature and size of the reservoirs II.the rate of element movement between reservoirs III.interaction of the current cycle with other cycles

Use the following food web to answer the questions below. Diagram of a food web (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) -If the figure above represents a marine food web,the smallest organism might be

The following questions refer to the description below. Fynbos are endemic shrubs found in the Cape province of South Africa.A small botanical region known as the Cape Floral Kingdom,is one of the richest areas in the world in terms of plant diversity.Fynbos shrubs,readily recognized by their small,hard,tough,leathery leaves,are well adapted to summer droughts,nutrient-poor soils,and periodic fires.The fynbos shrub community plays a key role in maintaining a regional supply of water.In recent decades,exotic plant species,such as acacia trees from Australia and pine trees from Europe,have been introduced to South Africa and have invaded the fynbos.Researchers are now observing that stream flow from fynbos watersheds is inversely proportional to plant biomass and natural fire cycles have changed. -Speculate on the most likely reasons why exotic/invasive trees are disrupting the natural ecological functions of the fynbos shrub community. 1)Invasive tree species likely grow larger and faster than the shrubs and can increase the intensity and severity of fires,harming the native vegetation. 2)Invasive tree species require/utilize more water than native vegetation,decreasing stream flow. 3)Invasive trees are bigger than the native shrubs and prevent natural fires. 4)Invasive trees transpire less than the native fynbos,disrupting the hydrological cycle of the region. 5)The invasive species have a different root system and expose the area to soil erosion.

Which of the following organisms is incorrectly paired with its trophic level?

How is net ecosystem production (NEP)typically estimated in ecosystems?

Which of these ecosystems accounts for the largest amount of Earth's net primary productivity?

When levels of CO₂ are experimentally increased in a typical grassland community,C₃ plants generally respond with a greater increase in productivity than C₄ plants.This is because

Which of the following lists of organisms is ranked in correct order from lowest to highest percent in production efficiency?

Which of the following is primarily responsible for limiting the number of trophic levels in most ecosystems?

What is the primary limiting factor for aquatic productivity?

What is the first step in ecosystem restoration?

Which of the following statements is true?

Subtraction of which of the following will convert gross primary productivity into net primary productivity?

The total biomass of photosynthetic autotrophs present in an ecosystem is known as

Use the following food web to answer the questions below. Food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem (arrows represent energy flow and letters represent species) -Examine this food web for a particular terrestrial ecosystem.Which pair of species could be omnivores?

Decomposition

If the sun were to suddenly stop providing energy to Earth,most ecosystems would vanish.Which of the following ecosystems would likely survive the longest after this hypothetical disaster?

What is the goal of restoration ecology?

Restoration of a temperate grassland ecosystem involves

If the flow of energy in an arctic ecosystem goes through a simple food chain,perhaps involving humans,starting from phytoplankton to zooplankton to fish to seals to polar bears,then which of the following could be true?