Question 1

Which of the following is a similarity between xylem and phloem transport?

Accepted Answer

A) Many cells in both tissues have sieve plates. 
B) Expenditure of energy from ATP is required. 
C) Transpiration is required for both processes. 
D) Bulk flow of water is involved. 
A) Many cells in both tissues have sieve plates. 
B) Expenditure of energy from ATP is required. 
C) Transpiration is required for both processes. 
D) Bulk flow of water is involved.

Question 2

Root hairs are most important to a plant because they

Accepted Answer

A) anchor a plant in the soil. 
B) store starches. 
C) increase the surface area for absorption. 
D) provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
E) contain xylem tissue. 
A) anchor a plant in the soil. 
B) store starches. 
C) increase the surface area for absorption. 
D) provide a habitat for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. 
E) contain xylem tissue.

Question 3

Active transport would be least important in the normal functioning of which of the following plant tissue types?

Accepted Answer

A) leaf transfer cells 
B) stem tracheary elements 
C) root endodermal cells 
D) leaf mesophyll cells 
E) root sieve-tube elements 
A) leaf transfer cells 
B) stem tracheary elements 
C) root endodermal cells 
D) leaf mesophyll cells 
E) root sieve-tube elements

Question 4

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined.The leaf was dark green,had a thick cuticle,and had a total surface area of about 1.3 mm.Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Accepted Answer

A) a fast-flowing stream 
B) a sandy, dry environment 
C) an oasis within a grassland 
D) the floor of a temperate forest 
A) a fast-flowing stream 
B) a sandy, dry environment 
C) an oasis within a grassland 
D) the floor of a temperate forest

Question 5

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink

Accepted Answer

A) occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements. 
B) depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps. 
C) depends on tension, or negative pressure potential. 
D) depends on pumping water into sieve tubes at the source. 
E) results mainly from diffusion. 
A) occurs through the apoplast of sieve-tube elements. 
B) depends ultimately on the activity of proton pumps. 
C) depends on tension, or negative pressure potential. 
D) depends on pumping water into sieve tubes at the source. 
E) results mainly from diffusion.

Question 6

Phloem transport of sucrose is often described as going from source to sink.Which of the following would not normally function as a sink?

Accepted Answer

A) growing leaf 
B) growing root 
C) storage organ in summer 
D) mature leaf 
E) shoot tip 
A) growing leaf 
B) growing root 
C) storage organ in summer 
D) mature leaf 
E) shoot tip

Question 7

Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much more slowly than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected.This is most likely because

Accepted Answer

A) the sterilization process kills the root hairs as they emerge from the seedling. 
B) the normal symbiotic fungi are not present in the sterilized soil. 
C) sterilization removes essential nutrients from the soil. 
D) water and mineral uptake are faster when mycorrhizae are present. 
E) B and D. 
A) the sterilization process kills the root hairs as they emerge from the seedling. 
B) the normal symbiotic fungi are not present in the sterilized soil. 
C) sterilization removes essential nutrients from the soil. 
D) water and mineral uptake are faster when mycorrhizae are present. 
E) B and D.

Question 8

Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae,the earliest land plants were most likely

Accepted Answer

A) nonvascular plants that grew leafless photosynthetic shoots above the shallow fresh water in which they lived. 
B) species that did not exhibit alternation of generations. 
C) vascular plants with well-defined root systems. 
D) plants with well-developed leaves. 
E) species with a well-developed, thick cuticle. 
A) nonvascular plants that grew leafless photosynthetic shoots above the shallow fresh water in which they lived. 
B) species that did not exhibit alternation of generations. 
C) vascular plants with well-defined root systems. 
D) plants with well-developed leaves. 
E) species with a well-developed, thick cuticle.

Question 9

Which of the following has the lowest (most negative)water potential?

Accepted Answer

A) root cortical cells 
B) root xylem 
C) trunk xylem 
D) leaf cell walls 
E) leaf air spaces 
A) root cortical cells 
B) root xylem 
C) trunk xylem 
D) leaf cell walls 
E) leaf air spaces

Question 10

According to the pressure flow hypothesis of phloem transport

Accepted Answer

A) solute moves from a high concentration in the source to a lower concentration in the sink. 
B) water is actively transported into the source region of the phloem to create the turgor pressure needed. 
C) the combination of a high turgor pressure in the source and transpiration water loss from the sink moves solutes through phloem conduits. 
D) the formation of starch from sugar in the sink increases the osmotic concentration. 
E) the pressure in the phloem of a root is normally greater than the pressure in the phloem of a leaf. 
A) solute moves from a high concentration in the source to a lower concentration in the sink. 
B) water is actively transported into the source region of the phloem to create the turgor pressure needed. 
C) the combination of a high turgor pressure in the source and transpiration water loss from the sink moves solutes through phloem conduits. 
D) the formation of starch from sugar in the sink increases the osmotic concentration. 
E) the pressure in the phloem of a root is normally greater than the pressure in the phloem of a leaf.

Question 11

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B) increasing the pressure exerted by the cell wall 
C) the loss of solutes from the cell 
D) increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
E) positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
A) decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B) increasing the pressure exerted by the cell wall 
C) the loss of solutes from the cell 
D) increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
E) positive pressure on the surrounding solution

Question 12

Which of the following contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?
I.root hairs
II.endodermis
III.mycorrhizae
IV.fibrous arrangement of the roots

Accepted Answer

A) II and III 
B) I, III, and IV 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV 
A) II and III 
B) I, III, and IV 
C) I, II, and IV 
D) I, II, III, and IV

Question 13

Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because

Accepted Answer

A) sucrose has diffused into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic. 
B) sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic. 
C) water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water. 
D) the companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water. 
E) sucrose has been transported out of the sieve tube by active transport. 
A) sucrose has diffused into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic. 
B) sucrose has been actively transported into the sieve tube, making it hypertonic. 
C) water pressure outside the sieve tube forces in water. 
D) the companion cell of a sieve tube actively pumps in water. 
E) sucrose has been transported out of the sieve tube by active transport.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolyzes ATP 
B) produces a proton gradient 
C) generates a membrane potential 
D) equalizes the charge on each side of a membrane 
E) stores potential energy on one side of a membrane 
A) hydrolyzes ATP 
B) produces a proton gradient 
C) generates a membrane potential 
D) equalizes the charge on each side of a membrane 
E) stores potential energy on one side of a membrane

Question 15

Which of the following would be least likely to affect osmosis in plants?

Accepted Answer

A) proton pumps in the membrane 
B) a difference in solute concentrations 
C) receptor proteins in the membrane 
D) aquaporins 
E) a difference in water potential 
A) proton pumps in the membrane 
B) a difference in solute concentrations 
C) receptor proteins in the membrane 
D) aquaporins 
E) a difference in water potential

Question 16

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once.This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Accepted Answer

A) the Casparian strip 
B) a guard cell 
C) the root epidermis 
D) the endodermis 
E) the root cortex 
A) the Casparian strip 
B) a guard cell 
C) the root epidermis 
D) the endodermis 
E) the root cortex

Question 17

Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?

Accepted Answer

A) root hairs 
B) endodermis 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) fungi associated with the roots 
E) fibrous arrangement of the roots 
A) root hairs 
B) endodermis 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) fungi associated with the roots 
E) fibrous arrangement of the roots

Question 18

Photosynthesis begins to decline when leaves wilt because

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplasts within wilted leaves are incapable of photosynthesis. 
B) CO₂ accumulates in the leaves and inhibits the enzymes needed for photosynthesis. 
C) there is insufficient water for photolysis during the light reactions. 
D) stomata close, restricting CO₂ entry into the leaf. 
E) wilted leaves cannot absorb the red and blue wavelengths of light. 
A) chloroplasts within wilted leaves are incapable of photosynthesis. 
B) CO₂ accumulates in the leaves and inhibits the enzymes needed for photosynthesis. 
C) there is insufficient water for photolysis during the light reactions. 
D) stomata close, restricting CO₂ entry into the leaf. 
E) wilted leaves cannot absorb the red and blue wavelengths of light.

Question 19

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals.If a water molecule did "circulate" (that is,go from one point in a plant to another and back in the same day),it would require the activity of

Accepted Answer

A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem. 
A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem.

Question 20

What is the function of trichomes?

Accepted Answer

A) protect the stomata from wind 
B) help reflect sunlight 
C) decrease transpiration by trapping air and creating higher humidity in the chamber compared to the surrounding atmosphere 
D) thickened cells reduce water loss 
E) trap water 
A) protect the stomata from wind 
B) help reflect sunlight 
C) decrease transpiration by trapping air and creating higher humidity in the chamber compared to the surrounding atmosphere 
D) thickened cells reduce water loss 
E) trap water

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Which of the following is a similarity between xylem and phloem transport?

Root hairs are most important to a plant because they

Active transport would be least important in the normal functioning of which of the following plant tissue types?

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined.The leaf was dark green,had a thick cuticle,and had a total surface area of about 1.3 mm.Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Movement of phloem sap from a source to a sink

Phloem transport of sucrose is often described as going from source to sink.Which of the following would not normally function as a sink?

Pine seedlings grown in sterile potting soil grow much more slowly than seedlings grown in soil from the area where the seeds were collected.This is most likely because

Given that early land plants most likely share a common ancestor with green algae,the earliest land plants were most likely

Which of the following has the lowest (most negative)water potential?

According to the pressure flow hypothesis of phloem transport

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Which of the following contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system? I.root hairs II.endodermis III.mycorrhizae IV.fibrous arrangement of the roots

Water flows into the source end of a sieve tube because

Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump?

Which of the following would be least likely to affect osmosis in plants?

A water molecule could move all the way through a plant from soil to root to leaf to air and pass through a living cell only once.This living cell would be a part of which structure?

Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?

Photosynthesis begins to decline when leaves wilt because

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals.If a water molecule did "circulate" (that is,go from one point in a plant to another and back in the same day),it would require the activity of

What is the function of trichomes?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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