Question 1

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A) a rainstorm 
B) sunken stomata 
C) a thicker cuticle 
D) higher stomatal density 
E) spiny leaves 
A) a rainstorm 
B) sunken stomata 
C) a thicker cuticle 
D) higher stomatal density 
E) spiny leaves

Question 2

Which of the following statements about xylem is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) It conducts material from root tips to leaves. 
B) The conducting cells are part of the apoplast. 
C) It transports mainly sugars and amino acids. 
D) It typically has a lower water potential than is found in soil. 
E) No energy input is required for transport. 
A) It conducts material from root tips to leaves. 
B) The conducting cells are part of the apoplast. 
C) It transports mainly sugars and amino acids. 
D) It typically has a lower water potential than is found in soil. 
E) No energy input is required for transport.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is false about bulk flow?

Accepted Answer

A) It is driven primarily by pressure potential. 
B) It is more effective than diffusion over distances greater than 100 μm. 
C) It depends on a difference in pressure potential at the source and sink. 
D) It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water. 
E) It may be the result of either positive or negative pressure potential. 
A) It is driven primarily by pressure potential. 
B) It is more effective than diffusion over distances greater than 100 μm. 
C) It depends on a difference in pressure potential at the source and sink. 
D) It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water. 
E) It may be the result of either positive or negative pressure potential.

Question 4

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf.Answer the following questions.
  
-What is the main cause of the process observed in the photo?

Accepted Answer

A) root pressure 
B) transpiration 
C) pressure flow in phloem 
D) plant injury 
E) condensation of atmospheric water 
A) root pressure 
B) transpiration 
C) pressure flow in phloem 
D) plant injury 
E) condensation of atmospheric water

Question 5

Guard cells do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) protect the endodermis 
B) accumulate K⁺ and close the stomata 
C) contain chloroplasts that import K⁺ directly into the cells 
D) guard against mineral loss through the stomata 
E) help balance the photosynthesis-transpiration compromise 
A) protect the endodermis 
B) accumulate K⁺ and close the stomata 
C) contain chloroplasts that import K⁺ directly into the cells 
D) guard against mineral loss through the stomata 
E) help balance the photosynthesis-transpiration compromise

Question 6

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A) active transport of ions into the stele 
B) atmospheric pressure on roots 
C) evaporation of water through stoma 
D) the force of root pressure 
E) osmosis in the root 
A) active transport of ions into the stele 
B) atmospheric pressure on roots 
C) evaporation of water through stoma 
D) the force of root pressure 
E) osmosis in the root

Question 7

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf.Answer the following questions.
  
-The strawberry plant in the above photo is displaying

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration. 
B) guttation. 
C) evaporation. 
D) additional evaporation from leaves. 
E) translocation. 
A) transpiration. 
B) guttation. 
C) evaporation. 
D) additional evaporation from leaves. 
E) translocation.

Question 8

Compared with a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane,a cell containing many aquaporins will

Accepted Answer

A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) accumulate water by active transport. 
A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) accumulate water by active transport.

Question 9

In which plant cell or tissue would the pressure component of water potential most often be negative?

Accepted Answer

A) leaf mesophyll cell 
B) stem xylem 
C) stem phloem 
D) root cortex cell 
E) root epidermis 
A) leaf mesophyll cell 
B) stem xylem 
C) stem phloem 
D) root cortex cell 
E) root epidermis

Question 10

The ________ is the most efficient route of water movement in plants,while the ________ is the most select.

Accepted Answer

A) apoplast; symplast 
B) apoplast; transmembrane 
C) symplast; apoplast 
D) transmembrane; symplast 
A) apoplast; symplast 
B) apoplast; transmembrane 
C) symplast; apoplast 
D) transmembrane; symplast

Question 11

A primary result for stomatal closure on a hot,dry day would be

Accepted Answer

A) release of K⁺ ions to the apoplast and subsidiary cells. 
B) displacement of Ca⁺⁺ ions from the thick inner walls of the guard cells. 
C) disassembly of the microfibrils in the cell walls of the subsidiary cells. 
D) upregulation of aquaporin synthesis. 
E) downregulation of extension proteins. 
A) release of K⁺ ions to the apoplast and subsidiary cells. 
B) displacement of Ca⁺⁺ ions from the thick inner walls of the guard cells. 
C) disassembly of the microfibrils in the cell walls of the subsidiary cells. 
D) upregulation of aquaporin synthesis. 
E) downregulation of extension proteins.

Question 12

Active transport involves all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane. 
B) pumping of solutes across the membrane. 
C) hydrolysis of ATP. 
D) transport of solute against a concentration gradient. 
E) specific transport protein in the membrane. 
A) diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane. 
B) pumping of solutes across the membrane. 
C) hydrolysis of ATP. 
D) transport of solute against a concentration gradient. 
E) specific transport protein in the membrane.

Question 13

Crassulacean acid metabolism is an adaptation to dry conditions because CAM plants

Accepted Answer

A) open their stomata at night to minimize water loss. 
B) open their flowers only at night. 
C) produce unusually large amounts of abscisic acid. 
D) photosynthesize only during the rainy season. 
A) open their stomata at night to minimize water loss. 
B) open their flowers only at night. 
C) produce unusually large amounts of abscisic acid. 
D) photosynthesize only during the rainy season.

Question 14

Arrange the following five events in an order that explains the mass flow of materials in the phloem.
1)Water diffuses into the sieve tubes.
2)Leaf cells produce sugar by photosynthesis.
3)Solutes are actively transported into sieve tubes.
4)Sugar is transported from cell to cell in the leaf.
5)Sugar moves down the stem.

Accepted Answer

A) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
C) 2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
D) 4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
E) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5 
A) 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
C) 2, 4, 3, 1, 5 
D) 4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
E) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5

Question 15

Guard cells are the only cells in the epidermis that contain chloroplasts and can undergo photosynthesis.This is important because

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplasts sense when light is available so that guard cells will open. 
B) photosynthesis provides the energy necessary for contractile proteins to flex and open the guard cells. 
C) guard cells will produce the O₂ necessary to power active transport. 
D) ATP is required to power proton pumps in the guard cell membranes. 
E) chloroplasts sense when light is available so that guard cells will open and guard cells will produce the O₂ necessary to power active transport. 
A) chloroplasts sense when light is available so that guard cells will open. 
B) photosynthesis provides the energy necessary for contractile proteins to flex and open the guard cells. 
C) guard cells will produce the O₂ necessary to power active transport. 
D) ATP is required to power proton pumps in the guard cell membranes. 
E) chloroplasts sense when light is available so that guard cells will open and guard cells will produce the O₂ necessary to power active transport.

Question 16

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium. 
A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium.

Question 17

Most of the water taken up by a plant is

Accepted Answer

A) used as a solvent. 
B) used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis. 
C) lost during transpiration. 
D) used to keep cells turgid. 
A) used as a solvent. 
B) used as a hydrogen source in photosynthesis. 
C) lost during transpiration. 
D) used to keep cells turgid.

Question 18

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

Accepted Answer

A) the interior of a vessel element 
B) the interior of a sieve tube 
C) the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D) an extracellular air space 
E) the cell wall of a root hair 
A) the interior of a vessel element 
B) the interior of a sieve tube 
C) the cell wall of a mesophyll cell 
D) an extracellular air space 
E) the cell wall of a root hair

Question 19

What is the driving force for the movement of solutes in the phloem of plants?

Accepted Answer

A) gravity 
B) a difference in water potential (Ψ)between the source and the sink 
C) root pressure 
D) transpiration of water through the stomata 
E) adhesion of water to phloem sieve tubes 
A) gravity 
B) a difference in water potential (Ψ)between the source and the sink 
C) root pressure 
D) transpiration of water through the stomata 
E) adhesion of water to phloem sieve tubes

Question 20

All of the following involve active transport across membranes except

Accepted Answer

A) the movement of mineral nutrients from the apoplast to the symplast. 
B) the movement of sugar from mesophyll cells into sieve-tube elements. 
C) the movement of sugar from one sieve-tube element to the next. 
D) the movement of K⁺ across guard cell membranes during stomatal opening. 
E) the movement of mineral nutrients into cells of the root cortex. 
A) the movement of mineral nutrients from the apoplast to the symplast. 
B) the movement of sugar from mesophyll cells into sieve-tube elements. 
C) the movement of sugar from one sieve-tube element to the next. 
D) the movement of K⁺ across guard cell membranes during stomatal opening. 
E) the movement of mineral nutrients into cells of the root cortex.

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Which of the following would tend to increase transpiration?

Which of the following statements about xylem is incorrect?

Which of the following statements is false about bulk flow?

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf.Answer the following questions. -What is the main cause of the process observed in the photo?

Guard cells do which of the following?

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf.Answer the following questions. -The strawberry plant in the above photo is displaying

Compared with a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane,a cell containing many aquaporins will

In which plant cell or tissue would the pressure component of water potential most often be negative?

The ________ is the most efficient route of water movement in plants,while the ________ is the most select.

A primary result for stomatal closure on a hot,dry day would be

Active transport involves all of the following except the

Crassulacean acid metabolism is an adaptation to dry conditions because CAM plants

Guard cells are the only cells in the epidermis that contain chloroplasts and can undergo photosynthesis.This is important because

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Most of the water taken up by a plant is

Which structure or compartment is part of the symplast?

What is the driving force for the movement of solutes in the phloem of plants?

All of the following involve active transport across membranes except

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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