Question 1

Gene sequences that remain very similar over many species are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) the same. 
B) noncoding regions. 
C) highly conserved. 
D) of the same family. 
E) resistant to mutation. 
A) the same. 
B) noncoding regions. 
C) highly conserved. 
D) of the same family. 
E) resistant to mutation.

Question 2

Why is it more difficult to identify eukaryotic genes than prokaryotic genes?

Accepted Answer

A) because in eukaryotes the proteins are larger than in prokaryotes 
B) because in eukaryotes the coding portions of genes are shorter than in prokaryotes 
C) because in eukaryotes there are no start codons 
D) because in eukaryotes there are introns 
E) because in eukaryotes there are more short tandem repeats 
A) because in eukaryotes the proteins are larger than in prokaryotes 
B) because in eukaryotes the coding portions of genes are shorter than in prokaryotes 
C) because in eukaryotes there are no start codons 
D) because in eukaryotes there are introns 
E) because in eukaryotes there are more short tandem repeats

Question 3

What is the most probable explanation for the presence of pseudogenes in a genome such as our own?

Accepted Answer

A) They are genes that had a function at one time, but that have lost their function because they have been translocated to a new location. 
B) They are genes that have accumulated mutations to such a degree that they would code for different functional products if activated. 
C) They are duplicates or near duplicates of functional genes but cannot function because they would provide inappropriate dosage of protein products. 
D) They are genes with significant inverted sequences. 
E) They are genes that have acquired mutations and are not expressed, even though they have nearly identical sequences to expressed genes. 
A) They are genes that had a function at one time, but that have lost their function because they have been translocated to a new location. 
B) They are genes that have accumulated mutations to such a degree that they would code for different functional products if activated. 
C) They are duplicates or near duplicates of functional genes but cannot function because they would provide inappropriate dosage of protein products. 
D) They are genes with significant inverted sequences. 
E) They are genes that have acquired mutations and are not expressed, even though they have nearly identical sequences to expressed genes.

Question 4

Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate to test the hypothesis that humans and chimps differ in the expression of a large set of shared genes?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA microarray analysis 
B) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C) DNA sequencing 
D) protein-protein interaction assays 
E) bioinformatics 
A) DNA microarray analysis 
B) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
C) DNA sequencing 
D) protein-protein interaction assays 
E) bioinformatics

Exam 21: Genomes and Their Evolution

Gene sequences that remain very similar over many species are said to be

Why is it more difficult to identify eukaryotic genes than prokaryotic genes?

What is the most probable explanation for the presence of pseudogenes in a genome such as our own?

Which of the following techniques would be most appropriate to test the hypothesis that humans and chimps differ in the expression of a large set of shared genes?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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