Question 1

How does the cell multiply its peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

A) They bud off from the Golgi. 
B) They are brought into the cell from the environment. 
C) They are built de novo from cytosol materials. 
D) They split in two after they become sufficiently large. 
E) The cell synthesizes hydrogen peroxide and encloses it in a membrane. 
A) They bud off from the Golgi. 
B) They are brought into the cell from the environment. 
C) They are built de novo from cytosol materials. 
D) They split in two after they become sufficiently large. 
E) The cell synthesizes hydrogen peroxide and encloses it in a membrane.

Question 2

The extracellular matrix is thought to participate in the regulation of animal cell behaviour by communicating information from the outside to the inside of the cell via which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) gap junctions 
B) the nucleus 
C) DNA and RNA 
D) integrins 
E) plasmodesmata 
A) gap junctions 
B) the nucleus 
C) DNA and RNA 
D) integrins 
E) plasmodesmata

Question 3

Which cell would be best for studying lyosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) muscle cell 
B) nerve cell 
C) phagocytic white blood cell 
D) leaf cell of a plant 
E) bacterial cell 
A) muscle cell 
B) nerve cell 
C) phagocytic white blood cell 
D) leaf cell of a plant 
E) bacterial cell

Question 4

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Prokaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than eukaryotes. 
B) Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes. 
C) Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. 
D) Eukaryotes are able not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. 
E) Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes. 
A) Prokaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than eukaryotes. 
B) Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes. 
C) Prokaryotes are not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. 
D) Eukaryotes are able not able to carry out aerobic respiration, relying instead on anaerobic metabolism. 
E) Prokaryotes are generally larger than eukaryotes.

Question 5

The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that

Accepted Answer

A) light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy. 
B) light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than electron microscopy. 
C) light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells. 
D) light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy. 
E) specimen preparation for light microcopy does not produce artifacts. 
A) light microscopy provides for higher magnification than electron microscopy. 
B) light microscopy provides for higher resolving power than electron microscopy. 
C) light microscopy allows one to view dynamic processes in living cells. 
D) light microscopy provides higher contrast than electron microscopy. 
E) specimen preparation for light microcopy does not produce artifacts.

Question 6

All of the following serve an important role in determining or maintaining the structure of plant cells.Which of the following are distinct from the others in their composition?

Accepted Answer

A) microtubules 
B) microfilaments 
C) plant cell walls 
D) intermediate filaments 
E) nuclear lamina 
A) microtubules 
B) microfilaments 
C) plant cell walls 
D) intermediate filaments 
E) nuclear lamina

Question 7

Centrioles,cilia,flagella,and basal bodies have remarkably similar structural elements and arrangements.Which of the following hypotheses is most plausible in light of such structural similarities?

Accepted Answer

A) Cilia and flagella arise from the centrioles. 
B) Loss of basal bodies should lead to loss of all cilia, flagella, and centrioles. 
C) Motor proteins such as dynein must have evolved before any of these four kinds of structure. 
D) Cilia and flagella coevolved in the same ancestral eukaryotic organism. 
E) Natural selection for cell motility repeatedly selected for microtubular arrays in circular patterns in the evolution of each of these structures. 
A) Cilia and flagella arise from the centrioles. 
B) Loss of basal bodies should lead to loss of all cilia, flagella, and centrioles. 
C) Motor proteins such as dynein must have evolved before any of these four kinds of structure. 
D) Cilia and flagella coevolved in the same ancestral eukaryotic organism. 
E) Natural selection for cell motility repeatedly selected for microtubular arrays in circular patterns in the evolution of each of these structures.

Question 8

The smallest unit of matter that can be considered alive is the/a

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic acid. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) virus. 
D) cell. 
E) organism. 
A) nucleic acid. 
B) mitochondria. 
C) virus. 
D) cell. 
E) organism.

Question 9

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids.Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) the endoplasmic reticulum 
B) the Golgi apparatus 
C) the lysosome 
D) mitochondria 
E) membrane-bound ribosomes 
A) the endoplasmic reticulum 
B) the Golgi apparatus 
C) the lysosome 
D) mitochondria 
E) membrane-bound ribosomes

Question 10

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs.Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?

Accepted Answer

A) rough ER 
B) smooth ER 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nuclear envelope 
E) transport vesicles 
A) rough ER 
B) smooth ER 
C) Golgi apparatus 
D) nuclear envelope 
E) transport vesicles

Question 11

A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes,DNA,ribosomes,plasma membrane,and mitochondria.It could be a cell from

Accepted Answer

A) a bacterium. 
B) an animal, but not a plant. 
C) nearly any eukaryotic organism. 
D) any multicellular organism, like a plant or an animal. 
E) any kind of organism. 
A) a bacterium. 
B) an animal, but not a plant. 
C) nearly any eukaryotic organism. 
D) any multicellular organism, like a plant or an animal. 
E) any kind of organism.

Question 12

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components.Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) chloroplast 
B) lysosome 
C) central vacuole 
D) peroxisome 
E) glyoxysome 
A) chloroplast 
B) lysosome 
C) central vacuole 
D) peroxisome 
E) glyoxysome

Question 13

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will be found in the pellet when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge?

Accepted Answer

A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria 
B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles 
C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts 
D) vacuoles, ribosomes, nucleus 
E) nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes 
A) ribosomes, nucleus, mitochondria 
B) chloroplasts, ribosomes, vacuoles 
C) nucleus, ribosomes, chloroplasts 
D) vacuoles, ribosomes, nucleus 
E) nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes

Question 14

A biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to fractionate the organelles.Organelles in one of the heavier fractions could produce ATP in the light,whereas organelles in the lighter fraction could produce ATP in the dark.The heavier and lighter fractions are most likely to contain,respectively,

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
B) chloroplasts and peroxisomes. 
C) peroxisomes and chloroplasts. 
D) chloroplasts and mitochondria. 
E) mitochondria and peroxisomes. 
A) mitochondria and chloroplasts. 
B) chloroplasts and peroxisomes. 
C) peroxisomes and chloroplasts. 
D) chloroplasts and mitochondria. 
E) mitochondria and peroxisomes.

Question 15

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrion 
B) ribosome 
C) nuclear envelope 
D) chloroplast 
E) ER 
A) mitochondrion 
B) ribosome 
C) nuclear envelope 
D) chloroplast 
E) ER

Question 16

A mycoplasma is an organism with a diameter between 0.1 and 1.0 µm.What does the organism's size tell you about how it might be classified?

Accepted Answer

A) It must be a single-celled protist. 
B) It must be a single-celled fungus. 
C) It could be almost any typical bacterium. 
D) It could be a typical virus. 
E) It could be a very small bacterium. 
A) It must be a single-celled protist. 
B) It must be a single-celled fungus. 
C) It could be almost any typical bacterium. 
D) It could be a typical virus. 
E) It could be a very small bacterium.

Question 17

A primary objective of cell fractionation is to

Accepted Answer

A) view the structure of cell membranes. 
B) sort cells based on their size and weight. 
C) determine the size of various organelles. 
D) separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be determined. 
E) separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble molecules. 
A) view the structure of cell membranes. 
B) sort cells based on their size and weight. 
C) determine the size of various organelles. 
D) separate the major organelles so that their particular functions can be determined. 
E) separate lipid-soluble from water-soluble molecules.

Question 18

Why do cilia and flagella bend?

Accepted Answer

A) conformational changes in ATP thrust microtubules laterally 
B) due to a motor protein called radial spokes 
C) because of the quick inward movements of water by osmosis 
D) as a result of a motor protein called dynein 
E) because of assembly and disassembly of actin monomers 
A) conformational changes in ATP thrust microtubules laterally 
B) due to a motor protein called radial spokes 
C) because of the quick inward movements of water by osmosis 
D) as a result of a motor protein called dynein 
E) because of assembly and disassembly of actin monomers

Question 19

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A) sites of energy production in cellular respiration 
B) membrane proteins 
C) ribosomes 
D) cytoskeletal structures 
E) cellulose fibres in the cell wall 
A) sites of energy production in cellular respiration 
B) membrane proteins 
C) ribosomes 
D) cytoskeletal structures 
E) cellulose fibres in the cell wall

Question 20

Vinblastine,a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization,is used to treat some forms of cancer.Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to

Accepted Answer

A) form cleavage furrows during cell division. 
B) migrate by amoeboid movement. 
C) separate chromosomes during cell division. 
D) extend pseudopods. 
E) maintain the shape of the nucleus. 
A) form cleavage furrows during cell division. 
B) migrate by amoeboid movement. 
C) separate chromosomes during cell division. 
D) extend pseudopods. 
E) maintain the shape of the nucleus.

Exam 6: A Tour of the Cell

How does the cell multiply its peroxisomes?

The extracellular matrix is thought to participate in the regulation of animal cell behaviour by communicating information from the outside to the inside of the cell via which of the following?

Which cell would be best for studying lyosomes?

Which of the following is a major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

The advantage of light microscopy over electron microscopy is that

All of the following serve an important role in determining or maintaining the structure of plant cells.Which of the following are distinct from the others in their composition?

Centrioles,cilia,flagella,and basal bodies have remarkably similar structural elements and arrangements.Which of the following hypotheses is most plausible in light of such structural similarities?

The smallest unit of matter that can be considered alive is the/a

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids.Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

The liver is involved in detoxification of many poisons and drugs.Which of the following structures is primarily involved in this process and therefore abundant in liver cells?

A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes,DNA,ribosomes,plasma membrane,and mitochondria.It could be a cell from

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components.Which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes in animal cells?

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will be found in the pellet when homogenized cells are treated with increasingly rapid spins in a centrifuge?

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

A mycoplasma is an organism with a diameter between 0.1 and 1.0 µm.What does the organism's size tell you about how it might be classified?

A primary objective of cell fractionation is to

Why do cilia and flagella bend?

Motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?

Vinblastine,a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization,is used to treat some forms of cancer.Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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