Question 1

Van der Waals interactions result when

Accepted Answer

A) hybrid orbitals overlap. 
B) electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule. 
C) molecules held by ionic bonds react with water. 
D) two polar covalent bonds react. 
E) a hydrogen atom loses an electron. 
A) hybrid orbitals overlap. 
B) electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule. 
C) molecules held by ionic bonds react with water. 
D) two polar covalent bonds react. 
E) a hydrogen atom loses an electron.

Question 2

-Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 3

In what way are elements in the same column of the periodic table the same?

Accepted Answer

A) They have the same number of protons. 
B) They have the same number of neutrons. 
C) They have the same number of electrons. 
D) They have the same number of electrons in their valence shell. 
E) They have the same number of electron shells. 
A) They have the same number of protons. 
B) They have the same number of neutrons. 
C) They have the same number of electrons. 
D) They have the same number of electrons in their valence shell. 
E) They have the same number of electron shells.

Question 4

What is the best explanation for why molecules that an organism does not produce,but when exposed to react,can still impact the organisms function?

Accepted Answer

A) Molecules will always have electrons in their outermost shell that can interact with atoms ofother molecules. 
B) The molecule's shape is similar to a molecule the organism produces. 
C) The molecule has a strong hydrogen (atomic number 1), which of the molecules belowbonding capability. 
D) The molecule is able to form covalent bonds on interacting with molecules in the organism. 
E) The organism would be formed?have produced the molecule earlier in the organism's evolutionary history. 
A) Molecules will always have electrons in their outermost shell that can interact with atoms ofother molecules. 
B) The molecule's shape is similar to a molecule the organism produces. 
C) The molecule has a strong hydrogen (atomic number 1), which of the molecules belowbonding capability. 
D) The molecule is able to form covalent bonds on interacting with molecules in the organism. 
E) The organism would be formed?have produced the molecule earlier in the organism's evolutionary history.

Question 5

Plants that are capable of thriving in serpentine soil can do so as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) natural selection. 
B) chance. 
C) chemical neutralization of contaminants. 
D) generating their own essential elements. 
E) serpentine soil poses no challenge to plants. 
A) natural selection. 
B) chance. 
C) chemical neutralization of contaminants. 
D) generating their own essential elements. 
E) serpentine soil poses no challenge to plants.

Question 6

Which of the following would be regarded as compounds?

Accepted Answer

A) H₂O, O₂, and CH₄ 
B) H₂O and O₂ 
C) O₂ and CH₄ 
D) CH₄ and O₂, but not H₂O 
E) H₂O and CH₄, but not O₂ 
A) H₂O, O₂, and CH₄ 
B) H₂O and O₂ 
C) O₂ and CH₄ 
D) CH₄ and O₂, but not H₂O 
E) H₂O and CH₄, but not O₂

Question 7

Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another?

Accepted Answer

A) nonpolar covalent bond 
B) polar covalent bond 
C) ionic bond 
D) hydrogen bond 
E) hydrophobic interaction 
A) nonpolar covalent bond 
B) polar covalent bond 
C) ionic bond 
D) hydrogen bond 
E) hydrophobic interaction

Question 8

The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below.Which of the atoms has the same valence as carbon   (C)?

Accepted Answer

A) ₇N nitrogen 
B) ₉F fluorine 
C) ₁₀Ne neon 
D) ₁₂Mg magnesium 
E) ₁₄Si silicon 
A) ₇N nitrogen 
B) ₉F fluorine 
C) ₁₀Ne neon 
D) ₁₂Mg magnesium 
E) ₁₄Si silicon

Question 9

From its atomic number of 15,it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has

Accepted Answer

A) 15 neutrons. 
B) 15 protons. 
C) 15 electrons. 
D) 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. 
E) 15 protons and 15 electrons. 
A) 15 neutrons. 
B) 15 protons. 
C) 15 electrons. 
D) 8 electrons in its outermost electron shell. 
E) 15 protons and 15 electrons.

Question 10

One difference between carbon-12 (   C)and carbon-14 (   C)is that carbon-14 has

Accepted Answer

A) two more protons than carbon-12. 
B) two more electrons than carbon-12. 
C) two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
D) two more protons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
E) two more electrons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
A) two more protons than carbon-12. 
B) two more electrons than carbon-12. 
C) two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
D) two more protons and two more neutrons than carbon-12. 
E) two more electrons and two more neutrons than carbon-12.

Question 11

What are electrons in the outermost shell called?

Accepted Answer

A) high-energy 
B) valence 
C) inert 
D) unreactive 
E) low-energy 
A) high-energy 
B) valence 
C) inert 
D) unreactive 
E) low-energy

Question 12

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-What results from the chemical reaction illustrated above?

Accepted Answer

A) a cation with a net charge of +1 
B) a cation with a net charge of -1 
C) an anion with a net charge of +1 
D) an anion with a net charge of -1 
E) a cation with a net charge of +1 and an anion with a net charge of -1 
A) a cation with a net charge of +1 
B) a cation with a net charge of -1 
C) an anion with a net charge of +1 
D) an anion with a net charge of -1 
E) a cation with a net charge of +1 and an anion with a net charge of -1

Question 13

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16 
A) 1 
B) 8 
C) 10 
D) 11 
E) 16

Question 14

-Refer to the figure above (first three rows of the periodic table).If life arose on a planet where carbon were absent,which element might fill the role of carbon?

Accepted Answer

A) boron 
B) silicon 
C) nitrogen 
D) aluminum 
E) phosphorus 
A) boron 
B) silicon 
C) nitrogen 
D) aluminum 
E) phosphorus

Question 15

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom capable of forming three covalent bonds with other atoms?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 16

Molybdenum has an atomic number of 42.Several common isotopes exist,with mass numbers of 92,94,95,96,97,98,and 100.Therefore,which of the following can be true?

Accepted Answer

A) Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 neutrons. 
B) The isotopes of molybdenum have different electron configurations. 
C) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 protons. 
D) The isotopes of molybdenum have between 50 and 58 neutrons and have different electron configurations. 
E) The isotopes of molybdenum have between 50 and 58 protons and have different electron configurations. 
A) Molybdenum atoms can have between 50 and 58 neutrons. 
B) The isotopes of molybdenum have different electron configurations. 
C) The isotopes of molybdenum can have between 50 and 58 protons. 
D) The isotopes of molybdenum have between 50 and 58 neutrons and have different electron configurations. 
E) The isotopes of molybdenum have between 50 and 58 protons and have different electron configurations.

Question 17

Which statement correctly describes chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) All chemical reactions result in the making and breaking of bonds. 
B) There is less mass after molecules have undergone a chemical reaction. 
C) Most chemical reactions are reversible. 
D) Chemical reactions proceed until all reactant becomes product. 
E) The rate of chemical reactions is determined by reactant structure not reactant concentration. 
A) All chemical reactions result in the making and breaking of bonds. 
B) There is less mass after molecules have undergone a chemical reaction. 
C) Most chemical reactions are reversible. 
D) Chemical reactions proceed until all reactant becomes product. 
E) The rate of chemical reactions is determined by reactant structure not reactant concentration.

Question 18

Use the following figure to answer the questions below.
  
-Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 2?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 19

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces,what type of surface would cause the most problems for this animal?

Accepted Answer

A) a surface coated with a thin film of water 
B) a surface made with carbon and hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together 
C) a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together 
D) a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together 
E) a surface made with silicon and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together 
A) a surface coated with a thin film of water 
B) a surface made with carbon and hydrogen atoms covalently bonded together 
C) a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together 
D) a surface made with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together 
E) a surface made with silicon and oxygen atoms covalently bonded together

Question 20

About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life.Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen 
B) carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen 
C) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen 
D) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen 
E) carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, calcium 
A) carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen 
B) carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen 
C) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen 
D) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen 
E) carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, calcium

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

Van der Waals interactions result when

-Which of the following pairs of atoms would be most likely to form an ionic bond?

In what way are elements in the same column of the periodic table the same?

What is the best explanation for why molecules that an organism does not produce,but when exposed to react,can still impact the organisms function?

Plants that are capable of thriving in serpentine soil can do so as a result of

Which of the following would be regarded as compounds?

Which of the following explains most specifically the attraction of water molecules to one another?

The atomic number of each atom is given to the left of each of the elements below.Which of the atoms has the same valence as carbon (C)?

From its atomic number of 15,it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has

One difference between carbon-12 ( C)and carbon-14 ( C)is that carbon-14 has

What are electrons in the outermost shell called?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -What results from the chemical reaction illustrated above?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -What is the atomic number of the cation formed in the reaction illustrated above?

-Refer to the figure above (first three rows of the periodic table).If life arose on a planet where carbon were absent,which element might fill the role of carbon?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which drawing in the figure above depicts the electron configuration of an atom capable of forming three covalent bonds with other atoms?

Molybdenum has an atomic number of 42.Several common isotopes exist,with mass numbers of 92,94,95,96,97,98,and 100.Therefore,which of the following can be true?

Which statement correctly describes chemical reactions?

Use the following figure to answer the questions below. -Which drawing in the figure above depicts an atom with a valence of 2?

If a salamander relied on hydrogen bonds to cling to surfaces,what type of surface would cause the most problems for this animal?

About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life.Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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