Question 1

The coding region of a gene, also known as a(n) _______, can usually be recognized by the presence of a(n) _______ codon and a(n) _______ codon.

Accepted Answer

open readi

Question 2

Which of the following statements about pseudogenes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There often is little selective pressure to get rid of pseudogenes. 
B)  The sequences of a pseudogene and its functional counterpart must be very different. 
C)  In some gene families, pseudogenes outnumber functional genes. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  There often is little selective pressure to get rid of pseudogenes. 
B)  The sequences of a pseudogene and its functional counterpart must be very different. 
C)  In some gene families, pseudogenes outnumber functional genes. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c

Question 3

Which of the following is not a main type of transposon in the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  SINEs 
B)  LINEs 
C)  DNA transposons 
D)  Retrotransposons 
E)  Each of the above is a main type of human transposon. 
A)  SINEs 
B)  LINEs 
C)  DNA transposons 
D)  Retrotransposons 
E)  Each of the above is a main type of human transposon.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the human genome is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Over 50 percent of the genome contains transposons. 
B)  Almost every gene has introns. 
C)  Genes are evenly distributed over the genome. 
D)  About 2 percent of the genome codes for genes. 
E)  Humans have about the same number of genes as fruit flies have. 
A)  Over 50 percent of the genome contains transposons. 
B)  Almost every gene has introns. 
C)  Genes are evenly distributed over the genome. 
D)  About 2 percent of the genome codes for genes. 
E)  Humans have about the same number of genes as fruit flies have.

Question 5

Which of the following statements comparing the worm C. elegans and the fly D. melanogaster is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fly has a larger genome. 
B)  The fly has more genes. 
C)  The fly undergoes a more complicated developmental transformation. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  The fly has a larger genome. 
B)  The fly has more genes. 
C)  The fly undergoes a more complicated developmental transformation. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both a and c

Question 6

Which of the following statements about transposable elements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their insertion into genes can disrupt gene function. 
B)  Their position can vary in different strains of bacteria. 
C)  All are transposons. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Their insertion into genes can disrupt gene function. 
B)  Their position can vary in different strains of bacteria. 
C)  All are transposons. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 7

A comparison of the genomes of yeast and bacteria shows that only yeast has many genes for

Accepted Answer

A)  energy metabolism. 
B)  cell wall synthesis. 
C)  intracellular protein targeting. 
D)  DNA-binding proteins. 
E)  RNA polymerase. 
A)  energy metabolism. 
B)  cell wall synthesis. 
C)  intracellular protein targeting. 
D)  DNA-binding proteins. 
E)  RNA polymerase.

Question 8

Gene inactivation studies have allowed us to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine the minimal number of genes humans need to survive. 
B)  demonstrate that C. elegans needs most of its genes. 
C)  investigate the minimal number of genes needed to sustain life. 
D)  create artificial life in a test tube. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  determine the minimal number of genes humans need to survive. 
B)  demonstrate that C. elegans needs most of its genes. 
C)  investigate the minimal number of genes needed to sustain life. 
D)  create artificial life in a test tube. 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

The type of sequencing known as _______ relies on sophisticated computer algorithms to align numerous short DNA sequences without the use of a genetic map.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of sequencing known as _______...

Question 10

Which of the following statements about genomes is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most genes found in the genomes of complex multicellular organisms are not required for survival. 
B)  As complexity increases from bacteria to yeast to invertebrate to vertebrate, gene number increases more than does the size of the genome. 
C)  As complexity increases from bacteria to yeast to invertebrate to vertebrate, the proportion of the genome consisting of coding sequence increases. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Most genes found in the genomes of complex multicellular organisms are not required for survival. 
B)  As complexity increases from bacteria to yeast to invertebrate to vertebrate, gene number increases more than does the size of the genome. 
C)  As complexity increases from bacteria to yeast to invertebrate to vertebrate, the proportion of the genome consisting of coding sequence increases. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 11

The rRNA genes that encode for the various rRNAs are an example of _______ repetitive DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The rRNA genes that encode for the...

Question 12

Proteomics has been used to compare

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA sequences between closely related species. 
B)  gene expression during embryonic development. 
C)  protein sequences between closely related species. 
D)  shotgun cloned sequences. 
E)  prokaryotic genomes. 
A)  DNA sequences between closely related species. 
B)  gene expression during embryonic development. 
C)  protein sequences between closely related species. 
D)  shotgun cloned sequences. 
E)  prokaryotic genomes.

Question 13

A study comparing the proteins that are produced in sperm cells to those of skin cells would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  comparative genomics. 
B)  functional genomics. 
C)  pharmacogenomics. 
D)  metabolomics. 
E)  proteomics. 
A)  comparative genomics. 
B)  functional genomics. 
C)  pharmacogenomics. 
D)  metabolomics. 
E)  proteomics.

Question 14

In DNA sequencing, ddNTPs are added at much lower concentrations than are dNTPs. If ddNTPs were added at higher concentrations, what would be the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ddNTPs would bind to one another. 
B)  All of the reactions would terminate early and long strands would not be produced. 
C)  The reactions would terminate early or late. 
D)  The ddNTPs would bind to DNA polymerase. 
E)  The ddNTPs would not bind to the dye. 
A)  The ddNTPs would bind to one another. 
B)  All of the reactions would terminate early and long strands would not be produced. 
C)  The reactions would terminate early or late. 
D)  The ddNTPs would bind to DNA polymerase. 
E)  The ddNTPs would not bind to the dye.

Question 15

You are told that a genome is about 10 Mb long, has 5,000 genes, and that 65% of its sequence is coding sequence. This genome most likely belongs to a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  bacterium. 
C)  yeast. 
D)  plant. 
E)  animal. 
A)  virus. 
B)  bacterium. 
C)  yeast. 
D)  plant. 
E)  animal.

Question 16

During the process of gene expression, RNA polymerase would most likely be found

Accepted Answer

A)  in a highly repetitive sequence. 
B)  in a noncoding sequence. 
C)  in an open reading frame. 
D)  at a metagenomic site. 
E)  in a pseudogene. 
A)  in a highly repetitive sequence. 
B)  in a noncoding sequence. 
C)  in an open reading frame. 
D)  at a metagenomic site. 
E)  in a pseudogene.

Question 17

Commonly known as the thale grass, _______, a member of the mustard family, is a model organism for a variety of studies in plant biology.

Accepted Answer

Arabidopsi

Question 18

Nonfunctional copies of genes, known as _______, arise when mutations knock out the function of a gene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nonfunctional copies of genes, known as _______,...

Question 19

The diagram below shows high-throughput sequencing. At which step does PCR take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  Step 1 
B)  Step 2 
C)  Step 3 
D)  Step 4 
E)  Step 5 or later 
A)  Step 1 
B)  Step 2 
C)  Step 3 
D)  Step 4 
E)  Step 5 or later

Question 20

The maximum length of DNA that can be sequenced at one time by means of the standard technology is about _______ bases.

Accepted Answer

A)  700 
B)  3,000 
C)  7,000 
D)  30,000 
E)  70,000 
A)  700 
B)  3,000 
C)  7,000 
D)  30,000 
E)  70,000

Exam 17: Genomes

The coding region of a gene, also known as a(n) _______, can usually be recognized by the presence of a(n) _______ codon and a(n) _______ codon.

Which of the following statements about pseudogenes is true?

Which of the following is not a main type of transposon in the human genome?

Which of the following statements about the human genome is false?

Which of the following statements comparing the worm C. elegans and the fly D. melanogaster is true?

Which of the following statements about transposable elements is true?

A comparison of the genomes of yeast and bacteria shows that only yeast has many genes for

Gene inactivation studies have allowed us to

The type of sequencing known as _______ relies on sophisticated computer algorithms to align numerous short DNA sequences without the use of a genetic map.

Which of the following statements about genomes is true?

The rRNA genes that encode for the various rRNAs are an example of _______ repetitive DNA.

Proteomics has been used to compare

A study comparing the proteins that are produced in sperm cells to those of skin cells would be an example of

In DNA sequencing, ddNTPs are added at much lower concentrations than are dNTPs. If ddNTPs were added at higher concentrations, what would be the most likely result?

You are told that a genome is about 10 Mb long, has 5,000 genes, and that 65% of its sequence is coding sequence. This genome most likely belongs to a(n)

During the process of gene expression, RNA polymerase would most likely be found

Commonly known as the thale grass, _______, a member of the mustard family, is a model organism for a variety of studies in plant biology.

Nonfunctional copies of genes, known as _______, arise when mutations knock out the function of a gene.

The diagram below shows high-throughput sequencing. At which step does PCR take place?

The maximum length of DNA that can be sequenced at one time by means of the standard technology is about _______ bases.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

The coding region of a gene, also known as a(n) ___, can usually be recognized by the presence of a(n) _ codon and a(n) _____ codon.