Question 1

Which of the following statements about water is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It releases a large amount of heat when changing from liquid into vapor. 
B)  Its solid form is less dense than its liquid form. 
C)  It is the most effective solvent for polar molecules. 
D)  It is typically the most abundant substance in a living organism. 
E)  It takes part in some important chemical reactions. 
A)  It releases a large amount of heat when changing from liquid into vapor. 
B)  Its solid form is less dense than its liquid form. 
C)  It is the most effective solvent for polar molecules. 
D)  It is typically the most abundant substance in a living organism. 
E)  It takes part in some important chemical reactions. A

Question 2

What determines if a molecule is polar, nonpolar, or ionic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of protons 
B)  The bond distances 
C)  The differences in the electronegativities of the atoms 
D)  The ionic charges 
E)  The distance of the electrons from the nucleus 
A)  The number of protons 
B)  The bond distances 
C)  The differences in the electronegativities of the atoms 
D)  The ionic charges 
E)  The distance of the electrons from the nucleus C

Question 3

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic mass of 31. How many neutrons does phosphorus have?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  16 
C)  30 
D)  31 
E)  47 
A)  5 
B)  16 
C)  30 
D)  31 
E)  47 B

Question 4

The notation [H+] refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)  number of H+ ions present in a solution. 
B)  number of protons in an H+ ion. 
C)  charge of an H+ ion. 
D)  concentration of H+ ions in moles per liter. 
E)  chemical reactivity of H+ ions. 
A)  number of H+ ions present in a solution. 
B)  number of protons in an H+ ion. 
C)  charge of an H+ ion. 
D)  concentration of H+ ions in moles per liter. 
E)  chemical reactivity of H+ ions.

Question 5

What property of water contributes most to the ability of fish in lakes to survive very cold winters?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water is cohesive. 
B)  Water has a high heat capacity. 
C)  Frozen water is more dense than liquid water. 
D)  Frozen water is less dense than liquid water. 
E)  Water forms hydrogen bonds. 
A)  Water is cohesive. 
B)  Water has a high heat capacity. 
C)  Frozen water is more dense than liquid water. 
D)  Frozen water is less dense than liquid water. 
E)  Water forms hydrogen bonds.

Question 6

Which of the following interactions between atoms is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrophobic 
B)  Ionic 
C)  Covalent 
D)  van der Waals 
E)  Hydrogen bonds 
A)  Hydrophobic 
B)  Ionic 
C)  Covalent 
D)  van der Waals 
E)  Hydrogen bonds

Question 7

The atomic mass of an element is the same as the number of _______ in each atom.

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons 
B)  protons 
C)  neutrons 
D)  protons plus neutrons 
E)  electrons plus neutrons 
A)  electrons 
B)  protons 
C)  neutrons 
D)  protons plus neutrons 
E)  electrons plus neutrons

Question 8

Ionic bonds are

Accepted Answer

A)  attractions between oppositely charged ions. 
B)  the result of electron sharing. 
C)  the strongest of the chemical bonds. 
D)  caused by partial electrical charges. 
E)  dependent upon hydrophobic interactions. 
A)  attractions between oppositely charged ions. 
B)  the result of electron sharing. 
C)  the strongest of the chemical bonds. 
D)  caused by partial electrical charges. 
E)  dependent upon hydrophobic interactions.

Question 9

Oxygen and carbon are defined as different elements because they have atoms with a different number of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Oxygen and carbon are defined as different...

Question 10

The three most abundant elements in a human skin cell are

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium, carbon, and oxygen. 
B)  carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 
C)  carbon, hydrogen, and sodium. 
D)  carbon, nitrogen, and potassium. 
E)  nitrogen, hydrogen, and argon. 
A)  calcium, carbon, and oxygen. 
B)  carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. 
C)  carbon, hydrogen, and sodium. 
D)  carbon, nitrogen, and potassium. 
E)  nitrogen, hydrogen, and argon.

Question 11

Propane (CH3-CH2-CH3), is considered a nonpolar molecule because

Accepted Answer

A)  it does not contain oxygen. 
B)  carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities. 
C)  it is a gas. 
D)  it is flammable. 
E)  it forms hydrogen bonds. 
A)  it does not contain oxygen. 
B)  carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativities. 
C)  it is a gas. 
D)  it is flammable. 
E)  it forms hydrogen bonds.

Question 12

Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium all have the same

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic weight. 
B)  atomic number. 
C)  mass. 
D)  density. 
E)  nuclear composition. 
A)  atomic weight. 
B)  atomic number. 
C)  mass. 
D)  density. 
E)  nuclear composition.

Question 13

The tendency of atoms in stable molecules to have eight electrons in their outermost shells is known as the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The tendency of atoms in stable molecules...

Question 14

If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will move up the towel by capillary action because water

Accepted Answer

A)  molecules ionize. 
B)  is a good solvent. 
C)  molecules have hydrophobic interactions. 
D)  can form hydrogen bonds. 
E)  takes up large amounts of heat when it vaporizes. 
A)  molecules ionize. 
B)  is a good solvent. 
C)  molecules have hydrophobic interactions. 
D)  can form hydrogen bonds. 
E)  takes up large amounts of heat when it vaporizes.

Question 15

For a covalent bond to be polar, the two atoms that form the bond must have

Accepted Answer

A)  differing atomic weights. 
B)  differing numbers of neutrons. 
C)  differing melting points. 
D)  differing electronegativities. 
E)  similar electronegativities. 
A)  differing atomic weights. 
B)  differing numbers of neutrons. 
C)  differing melting points. 
D)  differing electronegativities. 
E)  similar electronegativities.

Question 16

Which of the elements listed below does not follow the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium 
B)  Chlorine 
C)  Carbon 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Nitrogen 
A)  Sodium 
B)  Chlorine 
C)  Carbon 
D)  Hydrogen 
E)  Nitrogen

Question 17

Every atom except for _______ has one or more neutrons in its nucleus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Every atom except for _______ has one...

Question 18

The atomic weight (atomic mass) of an element

Accepted Answer

A)  equals the number of neutrons in an atom. 
B)  equals the number of protons in an atom. 
C)  equals the number of electrons in an atom. 
D)  equals the number of neutrons plus the number of protons. 
E)  depends on the relative abundances of its electrons and neutrons. 
A)  equals the number of neutrons in an atom. 
B)  equals the number of protons in an atom. 
C)  equals the number of electrons in an atom. 
D)  equals the number of neutrons plus the number of protons. 
E)  depends on the relative abundances of its electrons and neutrons.

Question 19

All of the following are nonpolar except

Accepted Answer

A)  O2. 
B)  N2. 
C)  CH4. 
D)  NaCl. 
E)  H2. 
A)  O2. 
B)  N2. 
C)  CH4. 
D)  NaCl. 
E)  H2.

Question 20

Two atoms are held together in four covalent bonds because of forces between the

Accepted Answer

A)  electrons and protons. 
B)  electrons. 
C)  protons and neutrons. 
D)  protons. 
E)  electrons and neutrons. 
A)  electrons and protons. 
B)  electrons. 
C)  protons and neutrons. 
D)  protons. 
E)  electrons and neutrons.

Exam 2: Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Which of the following statements about water is not true?

What determines if a molecule is polar, nonpolar, or ionic?

Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic mass of 31. How many neutrons does phosphorus have?

The notation [H+] refers to the

What property of water contributes most to the ability of fish in lakes to survive very cold winters?

Which of the following interactions between atoms is the strongest?

The atomic mass of an element is the same as the number of _______ in each atom.

Ionic bonds are

Oxygen and carbon are defined as different elements because they have atoms with a different number of _______.

The three most abundant elements in a human skin cell are

Propane (CH3-CH2-CH3), is considered a nonpolar molecule because

Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium all have the same

The tendency of atoms in stable molecules to have eight electrons in their outermost shells is known as the _______.

If you place a paper towel in a dish of water, the water will move up the towel by capillary action because water

For a covalent bond to be polar, the two atoms that form the bond must have

Which of the elements listed below does not follow the octet rule?

Every atom except for _______ has one or more neutrons in its nucleus.

The atomic weight (atomic mass) of an element

All of the following are nonpolar except

Two atoms are held together in four covalent bonds because of forces between the

Studying Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

The notation [H⁺] refers to the

Propane (CH₃-CH₂-CH₃), is considered a nonpolar molecule because