Question 1

Blood pressure is controlled, in part, by

Accepted Answer

A)  oxytocin and vasopressin. 
B)  testosterone and vasopressin. 
C)  vasopressin and angiotensin. 
D)  estrogen and angiotensin. 
E)  angiotensin. 
A)  oxytocin and vasopressin. 
B)  testosterone and vasopressin. 
C)  vasopressin and angiotensin. 
D)  estrogen and angiotensin. 
E)  angiotensin. C

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions:
Refer to the diagram below of the mammalian circulatory system.  
-Starting with chamber 4, in what order does blood pass through the four chambers in this diagram?

Accepted Answer

4, 2, 3, 1

Question 3

Which of the following circulatory components is not normally found circulating in the plasma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelets 
B)  Thrombin 
C)  Albumin 
D)  Fibrinogen 
E)  Both a and c 
A)  Platelets 
B)  Thrombin 
C)  Albumin 
D)  Fibrinogen 
E)  Both a and c B

Question 4

An open circulatory system is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  the absence of a heart. 
B)  the absence of blood vessels. 
C)  blood with a composition different from that of tissue fluid. 
D)  the absence of capillaries. 
E)  a higher-pressure circuit through gills than to other organs. 
A)  the absence of a heart. 
B)  the absence of blood vessels. 
C)  blood with a composition different from that of tissue fluid. 
D)  the absence of capillaries. 
E)  a higher-pressure circuit through gills than to other organs.

Question 5

When reptiles stop breathing, for example on extended dives,

Accepted Answer

A)  blood is shunted from the systemic circuit to the pulmonary circuit. 
B)  blood is shunted specifically to the brain. 
C)  blood is shunted from the pulmonary circuit to the systemic circuit. 
D)  blood is shunted to the skin for gas exchange. 
E)  the pattern does not change between the breathing and the nonbreathing periods. 
A)  blood is shunted from the systemic circuit to the pulmonary circuit. 
B)  blood is shunted specifically to the brain. 
C)  blood is shunted from the pulmonary circuit to the systemic circuit. 
D)  blood is shunted to the skin for gas exchange. 
E)  the pattern does not change between the breathing and the nonbreathing periods.

Question 6

Which of the following structures of the human lymphatic system acts primarily as a filter for detecting and destroying microorganisms in lymph traveling through major lymph vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lymph nodes 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Lymph capillaries 
D)  Tonsils, but not the appendix 
E)  Thoracic ducts 
A)  Lymph nodes 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Lymph capillaries 
D)  Tonsils, but not the appendix 
E)  Thoracic ducts

Question 7

In humans, which vessel empties into the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary vein 
B)  Inferior vena cava 
C)  Superior vena cava 
D)  Pulmonary artery 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Pulmonary vein 
B)  Inferior vena cava 
C)  Superior vena cava 
D)  Pulmonary artery 
E)  Both b and c

Question 8

In the human heart, blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the

Accepted Answer

A)  right ventricle. 
B)  left atrium. 
C)  right atrium. 
D)  pulmonary circuit. 
E)  systemic circuit. 
A)  right ventricle. 
B)  left atrium. 
C)  right atrium. 
D)  pulmonary circuit. 
E)  systemic circuit.

Question 9

The left ventricle in humans is more muscular than the right ventricle because

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance is higher in the systemic circuit. 
B)  resistance is higher in the pulmonary circuit. 
C)  it pumps more total blood. 
D)  it pumps more viscous blood. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  resistance is higher in the systemic circuit. 
B)  resistance is higher in the pulmonary circuit. 
C)  it pumps more total blood. 
D)  it pumps more viscous blood. 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the reasons that closed circulatory systems are more efficient than open circulatory systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  Closed systems rely exclusively on simple diffusion for transport, whereas open systems rely on pumping mechanisms. 
B)  Transport within closed systems is more rapid than in open systems. 
C)  Blood can easily be directed to specific areas in closed systems, but not in open systems. 
D)  Compared to open systems, closed systems operate better under higher pressure. 
E)  In closed systems molecules and cells that transport hormones and nutrients can be kept in vessels until they unload their goods at specific tissues. 
A)  Closed systems rely exclusively on simple diffusion for transport, whereas open systems rely on pumping mechanisms. 
B)  Transport within closed systems is more rapid than in open systems. 
C)  Blood can easily be directed to specific areas in closed systems, but not in open systems. 
D)  Compared to open systems, closed systems operate better under higher pressure. 
E)  In closed systems molecules and cells that transport hormones and nutrients can be kept in vessels until they unload their goods at specific tissues.

Question 11

When a piece of thrombus breaks loose and lodges in a smaller vessel, blocking the flow of blood, the result is

Accepted Answer

A)  thrombosis. 
B)  an infarction. 
C)  an embolism. 
D)  atherosclerosis. 
E)  a hematocrit. 
A)  thrombosis. 
B)  an infarction. 
C)  an embolism. 
D)  atherosclerosis. 
E)  a hematocrit.

Question 12

You are about to take a final exam in your freshman biology course and are very nervous. What responses will your circulatory system have to your nervousness?

Accepted Answer

Stress and nervousness elicit the fight-

Question 13

Arthropods and mollusks

Accepted Answer

A)  do not have a muscular pump in their circulatory systems. 
B)  have an open circulatory system. 
C)  have a closed circulatory system. 
D)  possess a system of blood vessels. 
E)  have a four-chambered heart. 
A)  do not have a muscular pump in their circulatory systems. 
B)  have an open circulatory system. 
C)  have a closed circulatory system. 
D)  possess a system of blood vessels. 
E)  have a four-chambered heart.

Question 14

The hormone erythropoietin is released by the kidney

Accepted Answer

A)  to remove old red blood cells from circulation. 
B)  in response to high levels of oxygen in circulation. 
C)  in response to low levels of hemoglobin. 
D)  to stimulate production of red blood cells. 
E)  to stimulate platelet formation. 
A)  to remove old red blood cells from circulation. 
B)  in response to high levels of oxygen in circulation. 
C)  in response to low levels of hemoglobin. 
D)  to stimulate production of red blood cells. 
E)  to stimulate platelet formation.

Question 15

"Systole" and "diastole" describe the _______ and _______, respectively, of the _______ in mammals.

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxation; contraction; ventricles 
B)  contraction; relaxation; ventricles 
C)  relaxation; contraction; atria 
D)  contraction; relaxation; atria 
E)  None of the above 
A)  relaxation; contraction; ventricles 
B)  contraction; relaxation; ventricles 
C)  relaxation; contraction; atria 
D)  contraction; relaxation; atria 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is not transported through a closed circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat 
B)  Respiratory gases 
C)  Gametes 
D)  Hormones 
E)  All of the above are transported through closed circulatory systems. 
A)  Heat 
B)  Respiratory gases 
C)  Gametes 
D)  Hormones 
E)  All of the above are transported through closed circulatory systems.

Question 17

In vertebrates, all blood vessels have

Accepted Answer

A)  valves. 
B)  endothelium. 
C)  regions where exchange with interstitial fluid takes place. 
D)  sphincters. 
E)  one or more muscle layers. 
A)  valves. 
B)  endothelium. 
C)  regions where exchange with interstitial fluid takes place. 
D)  sphincters. 
E)  one or more muscle layers.

Question 18

Which of the following vertebrates has a three-chambered heart with both pulmonary and systemic circuits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fish 
B)  Lungfish 
C)  Amphibians 
D)  Crocodilians 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  Fish 
B)  Lungfish 
C)  Amphibians 
D)  Crocodilians 
E)  Both b and c

Question 19

In humans, blood is pumped from heart to lungs and back through the _______ circuit.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In humans, blood is pumped from heart...

Question 20

Autoregulation of blood flow to a tissue is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic innervation. 
B)  the release of ADH by the hypothalamus. 
C)  increased activity of baroreceptors. 
D)  chemoreceptors in the aorta and the carotid arteries. 
E)  the effect of the local chemical environment on arterioles. 
A)  sympathetic innervation. 
B)  the release of ADH by the hypothalamus. 
C)  increased activity of baroreceptors. 
D)  chemoreceptors in the aorta and the carotid arteries. 
E)  the effect of the local chemical environment on arterioles.

Exam 50: Circulatory Systems

Blood pressure is controlled, in part, by

Use the following to answer questions: Refer to the diagram below of the mammalian circulatory system. -Starting with chamber 4, in what order does blood pass through the four chambers in this diagram?

Which of the following circulatory components is not normally found circulating in the plasma?

An open circulatory system is characterized by

When reptiles stop breathing, for example on extended dives,

Which of the following structures of the human lymphatic system acts primarily as a filter for detecting and destroying microorganisms in lymph traveling through major lymph vessels?

In humans, which vessel empties into the right atrium?

In the human heart, blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the

The left ventricle in humans is more muscular than the right ventricle because

Which of the following is not one of the reasons that closed circulatory systems are more efficient than open circulatory systems?

When a piece of thrombus breaks loose and lodges in a smaller vessel, blocking the flow of blood, the result is

You are about to take a final exam in your freshman biology course and are very nervous. What responses will your circulatory system have to your nervousness?

Arthropods and mollusks

The hormone erythropoietin is released by the kidney

"Systole" and "diastole" describe the _______ and _______, respectively, of the _______ in mammals.

Which of the following is not transported through a closed circulatory system?

In vertebrates, all blood vessels have

Which of the following vertebrates has a three-chambered heart with both pulmonary and systemic circuits?

In humans, blood is pumped from heart to lungs and back through the _______ circuit.

Autoregulation of blood flow to a tissue is due to

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"Systole" and "diastole" describe the ___ and _, respectively, of the _____ in mammals.