Question 1

Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts

Accepted Answer

A)  lack a sporophyte generation. 
B)  grow in dense masses, allowing capillary movement of water. 
C)  possess xylem and phloem. 
D)  possess true leaves. 
E)  possess true roots. 
A)  lack a sporophyte generation. 
B)  grow in dense masses, allowing capillary movement of water. 
C)  possess xylem and phloem. 
D)  possess true leaves. 
E)  possess true roots. B

Question 2

Compare and contrast homospory and heterospory. Which reproductive structures result from meiosis in each type of life cycle, and which structures result from mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Homospory and heterospory are two different reproductive strategies found in plants.

Homospory is a reproductive strategy in which a single type of spore is produced, which gives rise to a bisexual gametophyte. This means that the gametophyte produces both male and female gametes. In homosporous plants, meiosis results in the production of spores, and mitosis results in the development of the gametophyte.

Heterospory, on the other hand, is a reproductive strategy in which two types of spores are produced: microspores, which give rise to male gametophytes, and megaspores, which give rise to female gametophytes. In heterosporous plants, meiosis results in the production of both types of spores, and mitosis results in the development of the gametophytes.

In summary, homospory results in the production of a single type of spore and a bisexual gametophyte, while heterospory results in the production of two types of spores and separate male and female gametophytes. Meiosis produces the spores in both types of life cycles, while mitosis produces the gametophytes.

Question 3

Which of the following groups has basal growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ferns 
B)  Whisk ferns 
C)  Liverworts 
D)  Club mosses 
E)  Horsetails 
A)  Ferns 
B)  Whisk ferns 
C)  Liverworts 
D)  Club mosses 
E)  Horsetails E

Question 4

The sporophyte generation

Accepted Answer

A)  is dependent on the gametophyte generation in vascular plants. 
B)  produces gametes. 
C)  is the dominant generation in nonvascular plants. 
D)  extends from the zygote through the adult diploid plant. 
E)  extends from the spore through the adult multicellular haploid plant to the gamete. 
A)  is dependent on the gametophyte generation in vascular plants. 
B)  produces gametes. 
C)  is the dominant generation in nonvascular plants. 
D)  extends from the zygote through the adult diploid plant. 
E)  extends from the spore through the adult multicellular haploid plant to the gamete.

Question 5

In the strictest sense, a(n) _______ is a flattened, photosynthetic structure emerging laterally from a main axis or stem and possessing true vascular tissue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the strictest sense, a(n) _______ is...

Question 6

In a heterosporous life cycle, the microspore develops into the _______ gametophyte, and the megaspore develops into the _______ gametophyte.

Accepted Answer

A)  female; male 
B)  male; female 
C)  diploid; haploid 
D)  haploid; diploid 
E)  None of the above 
A)  female; male 
B)  male; female 
C)  diploid; haploid 
D)  haploid; diploid 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics demonstrates that green algae are similar to plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorophyll b 
B)  Cell walls rich in chitin 
C)  Carbohydrates stored mostly as glycogen 
D)  Plasmodesmata 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Chlorophyll b 
B)  Cell walls rich in chitin 
C)  Carbohydrates stored mostly as glycogen 
D)  Plasmodesmata 
E)  All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following characteristics is shared by all land plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stomata 
B)  Homospory 
C)  Alternation of generations 
D)  Tracheids 
E)  Flowers 
A)  Stomata 
B)  Homospory 
C)  Alternation of generations 
D)  Tracheids 
E)  Flowers

Question 9

In which of the following stages does genetic recombination not occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Moss gametophyte 
B)  Moss sporophyte 
C)  Fern sori 
D)  Club moss strobili 
E)  Horsetail sporangia 
A)  Moss gametophyte 
B)  Moss sporophyte 
C)  Fern sori 
D)  Club moss strobili 
E)  Horsetail sporangia

Question 10

The dominant stage of the life cycle of a moss is the

Accepted Answer

A)  diploid sporophyte. 
B)  diploid gametophyte. 
C)  haploid sporophyte. 
D)  haploid gametophyte. 
E)  flowering stage. 
A)  diploid sporophyte. 
B)  diploid gametophyte. 
C)  haploid sporophyte. 
D)  haploid gametophyte. 
E)  flowering stage.

Question 11

The rhyniophytes

Accepted Answer

A)  lacked tracheids. 
B)  possessed true roots. 
C)  possessed sporangia at the tips of stems. 
D)  possessed leaves. 
E)  lacked branching stems. 
A)  lacked tracheids. 
B)  possessed true roots. 
C)  possessed sporangia at the tips of stems. 
D)  possessed leaves. 
E)  lacked branching stems.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding the two leaf types (microphylls and megaphylls) is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Microphylls arose from small sterile sporangia. 
B)  Microphylls eventually evolved into stomata. 
C)  The first megaphylls arose in the Devonian period. 
D)  Lycophytes are current examples where microphylls can be found. 
E)  Megaphylls arose from the flattening of a dichotomous branching system. 
A)  Microphylls arose from small sterile sporangia. 
B)  Microphylls eventually evolved into stomata. 
C)  The first megaphylls arose in the Devonian period. 
D)  Lycophytes are current examples where microphylls can be found. 
E)  Megaphylls arose from the flattening of a dichotomous branching system.

Question 13

The _______ generation extends from the zygote through the adult, multicellular, diploid plant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______ generation extends from the zygote...

Question 14

The monophyletic group known as the _______ includes land plants and closely related groups of green algae.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The monophyletic group known as the _______...

Question 15

Which of the following groups has a unique chloroplast?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mosses 
B)  Liverworts 
C)  Hornworts 
D)  Club mosses 
E)  Horsetails 
A)  Mosses 
B)  Liverworts 
C)  Hornworts 
D)  Club mosses 
E)  Horsetails

Question 16

The most prominent resting stage in the life cycle of the seedless vascular plants is the

Accepted Answer

A)  sporangium. 
B)  spore. 
C)  spore mother cell. 
D)  sporophyte. 
E)  gametophye. 
A)  sporangium. 
B)  spore. 
C)  spore mother cell. 
D)  sporophyte. 
E)  gametophye.

Question 17

Some liverworts, such as Marchantia, reproduce sexually and vegetatively. Vegetative reproduction takes place by means of lens-shaped clumps of cells called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some liverworts, such as Marchantia, reproduce sexually...

Question 18

The sporophytes of the mosses and vascular plants grow by _______ cell division (a synapomorphy of these two groups), whereby a region at the growing tip provides an organized pattern of cell division, elongation, and differentiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sporophytes of the mosses and vascular...

Question 19

Which of the following types of land plants possess the microphyll leaf?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mosses 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Club mosses 
D)  Ferns 
E)  Liverworts 
A)  Mosses 
B)  Horsetails 
C)  Club mosses 
D)  Ferns 
E)  Liverworts

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions:
Match the correct group from the list with the descriptions.

-Typically have large leaves with branching vascular strands; some can reach heights of up to 20 meters; have sporangia usually clustered in groups called sori.

Accepted Answer

A)  Club mosses 
B)   Horsetails 
C)  Whisk ferns 
D)  Ferns 
A)  Club mosses 
B)   Horsetails 
C)  Whisk ferns 
D)  Ferns

Exam 28: Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

Liverworts, mosses, and hornworts

Compare and contrast homospory and heterospory. Which reproductive structures result from meiosis in each type of life cycle, and which structures result from mitosis?

Which of the following groups has basal growth?

The sporophyte generation

In the strictest sense, a(n) _______ is a flattened, photosynthetic structure emerging laterally from a main axis or stem and possessing true vascular tissue.

In a heterosporous life cycle, the microspore develops into the _______ gametophyte, and the megaspore develops into the _______ gametophyte.

Which of the following characteristics demonstrates that green algae are similar to plants?

Which of the following characteristics is shared by all land plants?

In which of the following stages does genetic recombination not occur?

The dominant stage of the life cycle of a moss is the

The rhyniophytes

Which of the following statements regarding the two leaf types (microphylls and megaphylls) is false?

The _______ generation extends from the zygote through the adult, multicellular, diploid plant.

The monophyletic group known as the _______ includes land plants and closely related groups of green algae.

Which of the following groups has a unique chloroplast?

The most prominent resting stage in the life cycle of the seedless vascular plants is the

Some liverworts, such as Marchantia, reproduce sexually and vegetatively. Vegetative reproduction takes place by means of lens-shaped clumps of cells called _______.

The sporophytes of the mosses and vascular plants grow by _______ cell division (a synapomorphy of these two groups), whereby a region at the growing tip provides an organized pattern of cell division, elongation, and differentiation.

Which of the following types of land plants possess the microphyll leaf?

Use the following to answer questions: Match the correct group from the list with the descriptions. -Typically have large leaves with branching vascular strands; some can reach heights of up to 20 meters; have sporangia usually clustered in groups called sori.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

In a heterosporous life cycle, the microspore develops into the _ gametophyte, and the megaspore develops into the _ gametophyte.