Question 1

Which of the following statements about the functioning of the vertebrate eye is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cornea is transparent so that it can transmit light. 
B)  The size of the pupil varies with light levels. 
C)  The iris is under control of the autonomic nervous system. 
D)  The lens focuses the image on the retina. 
E)  The fovea is the part of the retina with the lowest density of photoreceptors. 
A)  The cornea is transparent so that it can transmit light. 
B)  The size of the pupil varies with light levels. 
C)  The iris is under control of the autonomic nervous system. 
D)  The lens focuses the image on the retina. 
E)  The fovea is the part of the retina with the lowest density of photoreceptors. E

Question 2

The most photosensitive area of the retina is the _______.

Accepted Answer

fovea

Question 3

A common cause of _______ is cumulative and permanent damage to the hair cells of the organ of Corti.

Accepted Answer

nerve deafness (or deafness)

Question 4

Which of the following are ionotropic sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mechanoreceptors 
B)  Thermoreceptors 
C)  Electroreceptors 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Mechanoreceptors 
B)  Thermoreceptors 
C)  Electroreceptors 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following are metabotropic sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemoreceptors 
B)  Photoreceptors 
C)  Thermoreceptors 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Chemoreceptors 
B)  Photoreceptors 
C)  Thermoreceptors 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following statements about receptor potentials is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can cause the release of a neurotransmitter. 
B)  They can cause an action potential. 
C)  They are a change in membrane potential of the sensory cell. 
D)  They can spread over long distances. 
E)  They can be amplified. 
A)  They can cause the release of a neurotransmitter. 
B)  They can cause an action potential. 
C)  They are a change in membrane potential of the sensory cell. 
D)  They can spread over long distances. 
E)  They can be amplified.

Question 7

Which of the following are not ionotropic sensory receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mechanoreceptors 
B)  Thermoreceptors 
C)  Chemoreceptors 
D)  Electroreceptors 
E)  All of the above are ionotropic sensory receptors. 
A)  Mechanoreceptors 
B)  Thermoreceptors 
C)  Chemoreceptors 
D)  Electroreceptors 
E)  All of the above are ionotropic sensory receptors.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about the functioning of a rod cell is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhodopsin is located in the stack of disks that is farthest from the light source. 
B)  A rod cell is a modified neuron. 
C)  The resting potential of a rod cell in the dark is less negative than a typical neuron. 
D)  The membrane potential of a rod cell exposed to light becomes more positive. 
E)  The plasma membrane of a rod cell is fairly permeable to Na+ ions. 
A)  Rhodopsin is located in the stack of disks that is farthest from the light source. 
B)  A rod cell is a modified neuron. 
C)  The resting potential of a rod cell in the dark is less negative than a typical neuron. 
D)  The membrane potential of a rod cell exposed to light becomes more positive. 
E)  The plasma membrane of a rod cell is fairly permeable to Na+ ions.

Question 9

_______ arriving in the visual cortex are interpreted as light; in the auditory cortex as sound; and in the olfactory cortex as smell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ arriving in the visual cortex are...

Question 10

Action potentials are generated in a mechanoreceptor when

Accepted Answer

A)  ion channels close in response to membrane distortion. 
B)  ion channels open in response to membrane distortion. 
C)  receptors bind chemicals in response to pressure. 
D)  sensitivity of the membrane to neurotransmitters increases. 
E)  signals from other mechanoreceptors are summated. 
A)  ion channels close in response to membrane distortion. 
B)  ion channels open in response to membrane distortion. 
C)  receptors bind chemicals in response to pressure. 
D)  sensitivity of the membrane to neurotransmitters increases. 
E)  signals from other mechanoreceptors are summated.

Question 11

Humans are unable to see the _______ region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.

Accepted Answer

A)  infrared 
B)  orange 
C)  green 
D)  violet 
E)  None of the above; humans can see all of these regions. 
A)  infrared 
B)  orange 
C)  green 
D)  violet 
E)  None of the above; humans can see all of these regions.

Question 12

Refer to the diagram below of the cochlea. Which of the following statements about the diagram is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  If structure 1 vibrates slowly, the displacement pressure is dissipated by outward bulging of structure 4. 
B)  If structure 1 vibrates rapidly, structure 5 flexes. 
C)  The more rapid the vibrations of structure 1, the greater the amplitude of flexion of structure 5 at position X. 
D)  High-pitch sound waves are detected at position Z. 
E)  The organ of Corti is part of structure 5. 
A)  If structure 1 vibrates slowly, the displacement pressure is dissipated by outward bulging of structure 4. 
B)  If structure 1 vibrates rapidly, structure 5 flexes. 
C)  The more rapid the vibrations of structure 1, the greater the amplitude of flexion of structure 5 at position X. 
D)  High-pitch sound waves are detected at position Z. 
E)  The organ of Corti is part of structure 5.

Question 13

You have just given a presentation in your biology class that had many elaborate red- and green-colored slides. Afterward, a male friend tells you that he could not see any of the differences you were reporting. Why could your friend not see the differences?

Accepted Answer

Your friend has red-green color blindnes

Question 14

The molecule _______ is the basis for photosensitivity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The molecule _______ is the basis for...

Question 15

An electrode is inserted into a chemosensory nerve leading away from a taste bud in the mouth of a dog. A mild acid solution is then flushed continuously over the sensors associated with this nerve. Initially, the nerve responds to this stimulation, but over time it ceases to carry action potentials. Which of the following processes would best explain this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Translocation 
B)  Adaptation of the sensory cells 
C)  Depletion of neurotransmitter in the sensory nerve 
D)  Second messenger influences that increase cell membrane potentials 
E)  Action potentials arriving at the wrong area in the CNS. 
A)  Translocation 
B)  Adaptation of the sensory cells 
C)  Depletion of neurotransmitter in the sensory nerve 
D)  Second messenger influences that increase cell membrane potentials 
E)  Action potentials arriving at the wrong area in the CNS.

Question 16

Which of the following receptors are located deep in the skin and are adapted specifically for sensing pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meissner's corpuscles 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles 
C)  Expanded-tip tactile receptors 
D)  Neuron-wrapped hair follicles 
E)  Bare nerve endings 
A)  Meissner's corpuscles 
B)  Pacinian corpuscles 
C)  Expanded-tip tactile receptors 
D)  Neuron-wrapped hair follicles 
E)  Bare nerve endings

Question 17

Which of the following cell layers occurs farthest back in the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  Horizontal 
B)  Photoreceptors 
C)  Bipolar 
D)  Amacrine 
E)  Ganglion 
A)  Horizontal 
B)  Photoreceptors 
C)  Bipolar 
D)  Amacrine 
E)  Ganglion

Question 18

The smell of baking bread triggers

Accepted Answer

A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor. 
B)  the opening of a cation channel. 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor. 
D)  a second messenger system. 
E)  Both c and d 
A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor. 
B)  the opening of a cation channel. 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor. 
D)  a second messenger system. 
E)  Both c and d

Question 19

Silkworm moths use chemosensory signals known as _______ for mate attraction.

Accepted Answer

A)  rhodopsin 
B)  hormones 
C)  pheromones 
D)  G proteins 
E)  locally acting chemical messengers 
A)  rhodopsin 
B)  hormones 
C)  pheromones 
D)  G proteins 
E)  locally acting chemical messengers

Question 20

Which of the following does not affect the focus of an image on the retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  The shape of the lens 
B)  The shape of the retina 
C)  The ligaments suspending the lens 
D)  The ciliary muscles 
E)  The elasticity of the lens 
A)  The shape of the lens 
B)  The shape of the retina 
C)  The ligaments suspending the lens 
D)  The ciliary muscles 
E)  The elasticity of the lens

Exam 46: Sensory Systems

Which of the following statements about the functioning of the vertebrate eye is false?

The most photosensitive area of the retina is the _______.

A common cause of _______ is cumulative and permanent damage to the hair cells of the organ of Corti.

Which of the following are ionotropic sensory receptors?

Which of the following are metabotropic sensory receptors?

Which of the following statements about receptor potentials is false?

Which of the following are not ionotropic sensory receptors?

Which of the following statements about the functioning of a rod cell is false?

_______ arriving in the visual cortex are interpreted as light; in the auditory cortex as sound; and in the olfactory cortex as smell.

Action potentials are generated in a mechanoreceptor when

Humans are unable to see the _______ region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.

Refer to the diagram below of the cochlea. Which of the following statements about the diagram is true?

You have just given a presentation in your biology class that had many elaborate red- and green-colored slides. Afterward, a male friend tells you that he could not see any of the differences you were reporting. Why could your friend not see the differences?

The molecule _______ is the basis for photosensitivity.

Which of the following receptors are located deep in the skin and are adapted specifically for sensing pressure?

Which of the following cell layers occurs farthest back in the retina?

The smell of baking bread triggers

Silkworm moths use chemosensory signals known as _______ for mate attraction.

Which of the following does not affect the focus of an image on the retina?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters