Question 1

Which of the following statements about sensory cells is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mechanoreceptors detect stimuli that distort membranes. 
B)  Chemoreceptors monitor aspects of the internal environment. 
C)  Chemoreceptors are involved in smell, taste, and hearing. 
D)  Photoreceptors exhibit a conformational change when stimulated by light. 
E)  Most chemoreceptors are metabotropic receptors. 
A)  Mechanoreceptors detect stimuli that distort membranes. 
B)  Chemoreceptors monitor aspects of the internal environment. 
C)  Chemoreceptors are involved in smell, taste, and hearing. 
D)  Photoreceptors exhibit a conformational change when stimulated by light. 
E)  Most chemoreceptors are metabotropic receptors.

Question 2

In general, the touch receptors located close to the surface of both hairy and nonhairy skin

Accepted Answer

A)  are relatively insensitive to light touch. 
B)  adapt very quickly to stimuli. 
C)  are uniformly distributed throughout the surface of the body. 
D)  are called Pacinian corpuscles. 
E)  adapt slowly and provide almost continuous information. 
A)  are relatively insensitive to light touch. 
B)  adapt very quickly to stimuli. 
C)  are uniformly distributed throughout the surface of the body. 
D)  are called Pacinian corpuscles. 
E)  adapt slowly and provide almost continuous information.

Question 3

Besides vertebrates, the group of animals that has eyes that form images like cameras is the _______ group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Besides vertebrates, the group of animals that...

Question 4

Which of the following likely have no receptor protein associated with them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrosensors 
B)  Mechanoreceptors 
C)  Thermoreceptors 
D)  Chemoreceptors 
E)  Photoreceptors 
A)  Electrosensors 
B)  Mechanoreceptors 
C)  Thermoreceptors 
D)  Chemoreceptors 
E)  Photoreceptors

Question 5

When the stereocilia of hair cells are bent, the membranes of the hair cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are depolarized. 
B)  are hyperpolarized. 
C)  are either depolarized or hyperpolarized. 
D)  generate action potentials. 
E)  contract their stereocilia. 
A)  are depolarized. 
B)  are hyperpolarized. 
C)  are either depolarized or hyperpolarized. 
D)  generate action potentials. 
E)  contract their stereocilia.

Question 6

Arthropods have evolved compound eyes consisting of large numbers of

Accepted Answer

A)  retinas. 
B)  cones. 
C)  eye cups. 
D)  ommatidia. 
E)  pupils. 
A)  retinas. 
B)  cones. 
C)  eye cups. 
D)  ommatidia. 
E)  pupils.

Question 7

Which of the following statements about accommodation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accommodation is the process by which objects from different portions of the visual field are focused on the retina. 
B)  Vertebrates such as fish and reptiles accommodate by moving the lens relative to the retina. 
C)  The suspensory ligaments keep the lens flattened. 
D)  When a person attempts to focus on a distant object, the ciliary muscles contract. 
E)  The ciliary muscles change the shape of the eye by counteracting the action of the suspensory ligaments. 
A)  Accommodation is the process by which objects from different portions of the visual field are focused on the retina. 
B)  Vertebrates such as fish and reptiles accommodate by moving the lens relative to the retina. 
C)  The suspensory ligaments keep the lens flattened. 
D)  When a person attempts to focus on a distant object, the ciliary muscles contract. 
E)  The ciliary muscles change the shape of the eye by counteracting the action of the suspensory ligaments.

Question 8

An odorant molecule receptor is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptor. 
B)  chemoreceptor. 
C)  photoreceptor. 
D)  electroreceptor. 
E)  stretch receptor. 
A)  mechanoreceptor. 
B)  chemoreceptor. 
C)  photoreceptor. 
D)  electroreceptor. 
E)  stretch receptor.

Question 9

_______ in muscles, tendons, and ligaments inform the CNS of the position of and loads on parts of the body.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stretch receptors 
B)  Motoreceptors 
C)  Chemoreceptors 
D)  Photoreceptors 
E)  Mechanoreceptors 
A)  Stretch receptors 
B)  Motoreceptors 
C)  Chemoreceptors 
D)  Photoreceptors 
E)  Mechanoreceptors

Question 10

Refer to the graph below. According to the information presented in the graph, which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The retinal group of the rhodopsin indicated by absorption spectrum 2 is different from the retinal group of the rhodopsin indicated by absorption spectrum 4. 
B)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 2 is observed in visual pigments in rod cells. 
C)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 3 is observed in visual pigments in cone cells. 
D)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 4 is from a visual pigment that detects red light. 
E)  The opsin molecules that give rise to the four curves are all different. 
A)  The retinal group of the rhodopsin indicated by absorption spectrum 2 is different from the retinal group of the rhodopsin indicated by absorption spectrum 4. 
B)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 2 is observed in visual pigments in rod cells. 
C)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 3 is observed in visual pigments in cone cells. 
D)  The absorption spectrum indicated by curve 4 is from a visual pigment that detects red light. 
E)  The opsin molecules that give rise to the four curves are all different.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about receptor potentials is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are changes in the resting membrane potential of a sensory cell in response to a stimulus. 
B)  The receptor potential spreads from the cell body of a sensory cell to the axon hillock, where action potentials are generated. 
C)  They must be converted to action potentials to travel long distances. 
D)  A receptor potential always prompts the release of a neurotransmitter that induces an associated neuron to generate an action potential. 
E)  They are graded membrane potentials. 
A)  They are changes in the resting membrane potential of a sensory cell in response to a stimulus. 
B)  The receptor potential spreads from the cell body of a sensory cell to the axon hillock, where action potentials are generated. 
C)  They must be converted to action potentials to travel long distances. 
D)  A receptor potential always prompts the release of a neurotransmitter that induces an associated neuron to generate an action potential. 
E)  They are graded membrane potentials.

Question 12

When an individual rod cell is stimulated with light, its membrane potential

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes more negative. 
B)  becomes more positive. 
C)  becomes more positive than that of other neurons. 
D)  begins to generate action potentials. 
E)  begins to reduce membrane polarization. 
A)  becomes more negative. 
B)  becomes more positive. 
C)  becomes more positive than that of other neurons. 
D)  begins to generate action potentials. 
E)  begins to reduce membrane polarization.

Question 13

Which statement about olfaction is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In general, mammals depend more on vision than on olfaction as their dominant sensory modality. 
B)  Olfactory stimuli are recognized by the interaction between odorant molecules and receptor proteins on olfactory hairs. 
C)  The more odorant molecules that bind to receptors, the more action potentials are generated. 
D)  The greater the number of action potentials generated by an olfactory receptor, the greater the intensity of the perceived smell. 
E)  The perception of different smells results from the activation of different combinations of olfactory receptors. 
A)  In general, mammals depend more on vision than on olfaction as their dominant sensory modality. 
B)  Olfactory stimuli are recognized by the interaction between odorant molecules and receptor proteins on olfactory hairs. 
C)  The more odorant molecules that bind to receptors, the more action potentials are generated. 
D)  The greater the number of action potentials generated by an olfactory receptor, the greater the intensity of the perceived smell. 
E)  The perception of different smells results from the activation of different combinations of olfactory receptors.

Question 14

Refer to the diagram below of the ear. Which of the following statements about the diagram is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stereocilia embedded in cupulae are found in structure 1. 
B)  Sound waves in air are converted into fluid waves when the stapes move against the structure covering the opening at position 4. 
C)  The position and orientation of the head are sensed by structure 1. 
D)  Otoliths are found on top of a gelatinous substance in the structure indicated by 2. 
E)  Damage to structure 5 can cause deafness. 
A)  Stereocilia embedded in cupulae are found in structure 1. 
B)  Sound waves in air are converted into fluid waves when the stapes move against the structure covering the opening at position 4. 
C)  The position and orientation of the head are sensed by structure 1. 
D)  Otoliths are found on top of a gelatinous substance in the structure indicated by 2. 
E)  Damage to structure 5 can cause deafness.

Question 15

Which of the following most accurately describes the Pacinian corpuscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  It adapts slowly and provides information about vibrating stimuli of low frequency. 
B)  It responds to extended, steady pressure. 
C)  It adapts rapidly and provides information about vibrating stimuli of high frequency. 
D)  It has long, extensive dendritic processes. 
E)  It is extremely sensitive to light touch. 
A)  It adapts slowly and provides information about vibrating stimuli of low frequency. 
B)  It responds to extended, steady pressure. 
C)  It adapts rapidly and provides information about vibrating stimuli of high frequency. 
D)  It has long, extensive dendritic processes. 
E)  It is extremely sensitive to light touch.

Question 16

The color in color vision results from the

Accepted Answer

A)  ability of each cone cell to absorb all wavelengths of light equally. 
B)  lens of the eye acting like a prism and separating the different wavelengths of light. 
C)  differential absorption of wavelengths of light by different kinds of rod cells. 
D)  three different isomers of opsin in cone cells. 
E)  absorption of different wavelengths of light by amacrine and horizontal cells. 
A)  ability of each cone cell to absorb all wavelengths of light equally. 
B)  lens of the eye acting like a prism and separating the different wavelengths of light. 
C)  differential absorption of wavelengths of light by different kinds of rod cells. 
D)  three different isomers of opsin in cone cells. 
E)  absorption of different wavelengths of light by amacrine and horizontal cells.

Question 17

An infection that causes vertigo (dizziness) would be located in which sensory organ and in which particular part of the organ?

Accepted Answer

Vertigo is caused by infection

Question 18

Which of the following structures of the mammalian auditory system is involved in transduction of pressure changes into action potentials?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tympanic membrane 
B)  Ear ossicles 
C)  Oval window 
D)  Organ of Corti 
E)  Basilar membrane 
A)  Tympanic membrane 
B)  Ear ossicles 
C)  Oval window 
D)  Organ of Corti 
E)  Basilar membrane

Question 19

As a male silkworm moth nears a female that is releasing bombykol,

Accepted Answer

A)  the female starts to release more bombykol. 
B)  the action potentials in the antennal nerve increase. 
C)  many bombykol-sensitive hairs are stimulated per second. 
D)  a larger number of the bombykol-sensitive hairs undergo adaptation. 
E)  the receptor potential in bombykol-sensitive hairs is reduced. 
A)  the female starts to release more bombykol. 
B)  the action potentials in the antennal nerve increase. 
C)  many bombykol-sensitive hairs are stimulated per second. 
D)  a larger number of the bombykol-sensitive hairs undergo adaptation. 
E)  the receptor potential in bombykol-sensitive hairs is reduced.

Question 20

The membrane that is most directly responsible for the ability to discriminate different pitches of sound is the

Accepted Answer

A)  round window. 
B)  oval window. 
C)  tympanic membrane. 
D)  tectorial membrane. 
E)  basilar membrane. 
A)  round window. 
B)  oval window. 
C)  tympanic membrane. 
D)  tectorial membrane. 
E)  basilar membrane.

Exam 46: Sensory Systems

Which of the following statements about sensory cells is false?

In general, the touch receptors located close to the surface of both hairy and nonhairy skin

Besides vertebrates, the group of animals that has eyes that form images like cameras is the _______ group.

Which of the following likely have no receptor protein associated with them?

When the stereocilia of hair cells are bent, the membranes of the hair cells

Arthropods have evolved compound eyes consisting of large numbers of

Which of the following statements about accommodation is false?

An odorant molecule receptor is an example of a(n)

_______ in muscles, tendons, and ligaments inform the CNS of the position of and loads on parts of the body.

Refer to the graph below. According to the information presented in the graph, which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following statements about receptor potentials is false?

When an individual rod cell is stimulated with light, its membrane potential

Which statement about olfaction is not true?

Refer to the diagram below of the ear. Which of the following statements about the diagram is false?

Which of the following most accurately describes the Pacinian corpuscle?

The color in color vision results from the

An infection that causes vertigo (dizziness) would be located in which sensory organ and in which particular part of the organ?

Which of the following structures of the mammalian auditory system is involved in transduction of pressure changes into action potentials?

As a male silkworm moth nears a female that is releasing bombykol,

The membrane that is most directly responsible for the ability to discriminate different pitches of sound is the

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