Question 1

Image-forming, camera-like eyes are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  flatworms. 
B)  cephalopods. 
C)  arthropods. 
D)  insects. 
E)  roundworms. 
A)  flatworms. 
B)  cephalopods. 
C)  arthropods. 
D)  insects. 
E)  roundworms.

Question 2

The advantage of communicating by means of extremely low-frequency sound waves is that

Accepted Answer

A)  it permits coordination of attacks on prey. 
B)  these waves travel a very long distance. 
C)  the echoes of these waves bouncing back help locate prey. 
D)  the echoes of these waves bouncing back help in navigation. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  it permits coordination of attacks on prey. 
B)  these waves travel a very long distance. 
C)  the echoes of these waves bouncing back help locate prey. 
D)  the echoes of these waves bouncing back help in navigation. 
E)  All of the above

Question 3

When a female sable antelope smells the urine of another female, a sample of nasal fluid is drawn over chemoreceptors of the _______, which is a structure located on the septum dividing the two nostrils.

Accepted Answer

A)  gustatory nucleus 
B)  fovea 
C)  vomeronasal organ 
D)  organ of Corti 
E)  loop of Henle 
A)  gustatory nucleus 
B)  fovea 
C)  vomeronasal organ 
D)  organ of Corti 
E)  loop of Henle

Question 4

Bright light shining directly into one's eye will trigger

Accepted Answer

A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor. 
B)  the opening of a cation channel. 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor. 
D)  a second messenger system. 
E)  Both c and d 
A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor. 
B)  the opening of a cation channel. 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor. 
D)  a second messenger system. 
E)  Both c and d

Question 5

Which of the following does not employ hair cells as its transducer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meissner's corpuscle 
B)  Lateral line 
C)  Organ of Corti 
D)  Semicircular canal 
E)  Saccule 
A)  Meissner's corpuscle 
B)  Lateral line 
C)  Organ of Corti 
D)  Semicircular canal 
E)  Saccule

Question 6

Which of the following statements about color vision is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are three different types of cone cells in the human retina. 
B)  The absorption spectra of cone cells differ because of molecular differences in the retinal molecules. 
C)  Rods do not contribute to color vision. 
D)  The different rhodopsins in the human retina differ according to the range of wavelengths of light they absorb best. 
E)  Nocturnal animals often have poor color vision. 
A)  There are three different types of cone cells in the human retina. 
B)  The absorption spectra of cone cells differ because of molecular differences in the retinal molecules. 
C)  Rods do not contribute to color vision. 
D)  The different rhodopsins in the human retina differ according to the range of wavelengths of light they absorb best. 
E)  Nocturnal animals often have poor color vision.

Question 7

Refer to the diagram below of the eye. Which of the following incorrectly matches a labeled structure with the function it performs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Structure 1 - Controls the amount of light reaching photoreceptor cells 
B)  Structure 2 - Contracts to moves lens closer to or farther away from retina to focus image 
C)  Structure 3 - Area where density of cones is highest 
D)  Structure 4 - Area of the blind spot 
E)  Structure 5 - Allows the eye to accommodate 
A)  Structure 1 - Controls the amount of light reaching photoreceptor cells 
B)  Structure 2 - Contracts to moves lens closer to or farther away from retina to focus image 
C)  Structure 3 - Area where density of cones is highest 
D)  Structure 4 - Area of the blind spot 
E)  Structure 5 - Allows the eye to accommodate

Question 8

The snake's forked tongue fits into cavities in the roof of its mouth that are richly endowed with olfactory sensors. Thus the snake uses its tongue to _______ its environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The snake's forked tongue fits into cavities...

Question 9

_______ are chemical signals used by individuals to communicate with other individuals of their species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______ are chemical signals used by individuals...

Question 10

You discover a set of cells that transmits information from skin tissue to the CNS at the spinal cord. Assuming these cells receive internal and external information and deliver it to the CNS, what type of cells are they?

Accepted Answer

A)  Motor cells 
B)  Action cells 
C)  Sensory cells 
D)  Glial cells 
E)  Chemoreceptors 
A)  Motor cells 
B)  Action cells 
C)  Sensory cells 
D)  Glial cells 
E)  Chemoreceptors

Question 11

Refer to the graph below, showing the response of rod cells to flashes of light. Which of the following statements about the experiment depicted in the graph is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It demonstrates that the membrane potential of rod cells is hyperpolarized in the dark. 
B)  It demonstrates that the membrane potential of rod cells is depolarized by light. 
C)  The stimulus that produces tracing 1 causes the rod cell to release more neurotransmitter than the stimulus that produces tracing 3. 
D)  The membrane potential depicted in tracing 3 shows the response to dim light. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  It demonstrates that the membrane potential of rod cells is hyperpolarized in the dark. 
B)  It demonstrates that the membrane potential of rod cells is depolarized by light. 
C)  The stimulus that produces tracing 1 causes the rod cell to release more neurotransmitter than the stimulus that produces tracing 3. 
D)  The membrane potential depicted in tracing 3 shows the response to dim light. 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the compound eyes of arthropods is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ommatidia are the optical units of compound eyes. 
B)  The number of ommatidia per eye can vary greatly in different species. 
C)  The eyes of cephalopods are similar to the compound eyes of arthropods. 
D)  The compound eye communicates a relatively crude image to the central nervous system. 
E)  Each ommatidium has a lens structure that directs light onto photoreceptors. 
A)  Ommatidia are the optical units of compound eyes. 
B)  The number of ommatidia per eye can vary greatly in different species. 
C)  The eyes of cephalopods are similar to the compound eyes of arthropods. 
D)  The compound eye communicates a relatively crude image to the central nervous system. 
E)  Each ommatidium has a lens structure that directs light onto photoreceptors.

Question 13

A photoexcited molecule of rhodopsin

Accepted Answer

A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates transducin. 
C)  leads to a chain of events which converts cyclic GMP (cGMP) to GMP. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  a, b, and c 
A)  activates a G protein. 
B)  activates transducin. 
C)  leads to a chain of events which converts cyclic GMP (cGMP) to GMP. 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  a, b, and c

Question 14

The sound of the alarm clock in the morning triggers _______ in the sleeper.

Accepted Answer

A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor 
B)  the opening of a pressure-sensitive cation channel 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor 
D)  a second messenger system 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  an ionotropic sensory receptor 
B)  the opening of a pressure-sensitive cation channel 
C)  a metabotropic sensory receptor 
D)  a second messenger system 
E)  Both a and b

Question 15

You discover a new species of flatworm that you think may be a previously undiscovered species of planarian. One of the interesting things about planarians is their eyespots, which are able to absorb and detect photos of light. Which molecule would you look for that would indicate this new flatworm has eyespots?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trypsin 
B)  Pheromones 
C)  G protein 
D)  Opsin 
E)  Rhodopsin 
A)  Trypsin 
B)  Pheromones 
C)  G protein 
D)  Opsin 
E)  Rhodopsin

Question 16

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often added to food as a flavor enhancer. It was recently discovered that MSG triggers the _______ taste.

Accepted Answer

A)  sweet 
B)  sour 
C)  bitter 
D)  umami 
E)  salty 
A)  sweet 
B)  sour 
C)  bitter 
D)  umami 
E)  salty

Question 17

Compared to humans, dogs have a much more acute sense of smell due to the

Accepted Answer

A)  larger amount of mucus in their noses. 
B)  larger surface area of their nasal epithelia. 
C)  greater density of their olfactory nerve endings. 
D)  larger number of capillaries in their noses. 
E)  typical canine body temperature. 
A)  larger amount of mucus in their noses. 
B)  larger surface area of their nasal epithelia. 
C)  greater density of their olfactory nerve endings. 
D)  larger number of capillaries in their noses. 
E)  typical canine body temperature.

Question 18

In the human visual system, _______ send information directly to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  amacrine cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  rods and cones 
E)  horizontal cells 
A)  amacrine cells 
B)  bipolar cells 
C)  ganglion cells 
D)  rods and cones 
E)  horizontal cells

Question 19

Which of the following statements about mechano-receptors is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mechanoreceptors transduce mechanical forces into changes in receptor potential. 
B)  If a mechanoreceptor is subject to increased distortion, more ion channels within its membrane open. 
C)  Most mechanoreceptors are metabotropic sensory receptors. 
D)  If the receptor potential of a mechanoreceptor rises above a threshold, an action potential is propagated. 
E)  Stimulus strength determines the rate of generated action potentials. 
A)  Mechanoreceptors transduce mechanical forces into changes in receptor potential. 
B)  If a mechanoreceptor is subject to increased distortion, more ion channels within its membrane open. 
C)  Most mechanoreceptors are metabotropic sensory receptors. 
D)  If the receptor potential of a mechanoreceptor rises above a threshold, an action potential is propagated. 
E)  Stimulus strength determines the rate of generated action potentials.

Question 20

A change in the resting membrane potential of a sensory cell in response to a stimulus is called a(n) _______ potential.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in the resting membrane potential...

Exam 46: Sensory Systems

Image-forming, camera-like eyes are found in

The advantage of communicating by means of extremely low-frequency sound waves is that

When a female sable antelope smells the urine of another female, a sample of nasal fluid is drawn over chemoreceptors of the _______, which is a structure located on the septum dividing the two nostrils.

Bright light shining directly into one's eye will trigger

Which of the following does not employ hair cells as its transducer?

Which of the following statements about color vision is false?

Refer to the diagram below of the eye. Which of the following incorrectly matches a labeled structure with the function it performs?

The snake's forked tongue fits into cavities in the roof of its mouth that are richly endowed with olfactory sensors. Thus the snake uses its tongue to _______ its environment.

_______ are chemical signals used by individuals to communicate with other individuals of their species.

You discover a set of cells that transmits information from skin tissue to the CNS at the spinal cord. Assuming these cells receive internal and external information and deliver it to the CNS, what type of cells are they?

Refer to the graph below, showing the response of rod cells to flashes of light. Which of the following statements about the experiment depicted in the graph is true?

Which of the following statements about the compound eyes of arthropods is false?

A photoexcited molecule of rhodopsin

The sound of the alarm clock in the morning triggers _______ in the sleeper.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is often added to food as a flavor enhancer. It was recently discovered that MSG triggers the _______ taste.

Compared to humans, dogs have a much more acute sense of smell due to the

In the human visual system, _______ send information directly to the brain.

Which of the following statements about mechano-receptors is false?

A change in the resting membrane potential of a sensory cell in response to a stimulus is called a(n) _______ potential.

Studying Life

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Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

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