Question 1

Which of the following statements about the molecular events of photoreception is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  A single photon can excite a rhodopsin molecule. 
B)  In a well-lit setting, most of the sodium channels of a rod cell are open. 
C)  cGMP keeps the sodium channels open. 
D)  Activated phosphodiesterase (PD
E)  catalyzes the reaction hydrolyzing cGMP into GMP. 
E)  Activated transducin activates PDE. 
A)  A single photon can excite a rhodopsin molecule. 
B)  In a well-lit setting, most of the sodium channels of a rod cell are open. 
C)  cGMP keeps the sodium channels open. 
D)  Activated phosphodiesterase (PD
E)  catalyzes the reaction hydrolyzing cGMP into GMP. 
E)  Activated transducin activates PDE.

Question 2

A dense layer of photoreceptor cells at the back of the vertebrate eye forms the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A dense layer of photoreceptor cells at...

Question 3

Just before they are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, visual signals are processed by _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Just before they are transmitted to the...

Question 4

Meissner's corpuscles

Accepted Answer

A)  adapt very slowly. 
B)  are present uniformly on skin surfaces. 
C)  sense pressure. 
D)  have concentric layers of connective tissue. 
E)  sense light touch. 
A)  adapt very slowly. 
B)  are present uniformly on skin surfaces. 
C)  sense pressure. 
D)  have concentric layers of connective tissue. 
E)  sense light touch.

Question 5

Stereocilia in hair cells in the canals of the fish lateral line

Accepted Answer

A)  respond to disturbances in the water around the fish. 
B)  are moved individually by pressure. 
C)  are immobilized within a cupula. 
D)  bend only after electrical stimulation. 
E)  bend under the influence of gravity. 
A)  respond to disturbances in the water around the fish. 
B)  are moved individually by pressure. 
C)  are immobilized within a cupula. 
D)  bend only after electrical stimulation. 
E)  bend under the influence of gravity.

Question 6

Mammals can alter the shape of the lens by contracting the _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mammals can alter the shape of the...

Question 7

The amount of light entering the eye is decreased when the

Accepted Answer

A)  distance between the lens and retina is decreased. 
B)  distance between the lens and retina is increased. 
C)  iris relaxes. 
D)  iris constricts. 
E)  shape of the lens changes. 
A)  distance between the lens and retina is decreased. 
B)  distance between the lens and retina is increased. 
C)  iris relaxes. 
D)  iris constricts. 
E)  shape of the lens changes.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about a sensory cell is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is specialized for detecting specific kinds of stimuli. 
B)  It transduces energy into action potentials. 
C)  It generates receptor potentials, which travel long distances. 
D)  It can generate action potentials. 
E)  It can become insensitive to a source of continuous stimulation. 
A)  It is specialized for detecting specific kinds of stimuli. 
B)  It transduces energy into action potentials. 
C)  It generates receptor potentials, which travel long distances. 
D)  It can generate action potentials. 
E)  It can become insensitive to a source of continuous stimulation.

Question 9

The female silkworm moth releases a chemical called bombykol from a gland at the tip of her abdomen. Bombykol is

Accepted Answer

A)  a sex hormone. 
B)  detected by the male only when present in large quantities. 
C)  not species-specific. 
D)  detected by hairs on the antennae of male silkworm moths. 
E)  a chemical basic to the taste process in arthropods. 
A)  a sex hormone. 
B)  detected by the male only when present in large quantities. 
C)  not species-specific. 
D)  detected by hairs on the antennae of male silkworm moths. 
E)  a chemical basic to the taste process in arthropods.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the mammalian auditory system is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  In mammalian auditory systems, ear pinnae collect and direct sound waves to the tympanic membrane. 
B)  The tympanic membrane vibrates in response to sound waves. 
C)  The movements of the tympanic membrane are amplified through a chain of ossicles that conduct the vibrations to the oval window. 
D)  Movements of the oval window create pressure waves in the fluid-filled cochlea. 
E)  The basilar membrane running down the center of the cochlea responds to sound waves by chemoreceptors similar to those found in taste buds. 
A)  In mammalian auditory systems, ear pinnae collect and direct sound waves to the tympanic membrane. 
B)  The tympanic membrane vibrates in response to sound waves. 
C)  The movements of the tympanic membrane are amplified through a chain of ossicles that conduct the vibrations to the oval window. 
D)  Movements of the oval window create pressure waves in the fluid-filled cochlea. 
E)  The basilar membrane running down the center of the cochlea responds to sound waves by chemoreceptors similar to those found in taste buds.

Question 11

Mammals use vomeronasal organs to sense

Accepted Answer

A)  pheromones. 
B)  heat. 
C)  smells. 
D)  taste. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  pheromones. 
B)  heat. 
C)  smells. 
D)  taste. 
E)  All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following are not mechanoreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stretch receptors 
B)  Hair cells 
C)  Pressure receptors 
D)  Olfactory receptors 
E)  Airflow receptors 
A)  Stretch receptors 
B)  Hair cells 
C)  Pressure receptors 
D)  Olfactory receptors 
E)  Airflow receptors

Question 13

Which of the following statements about human gustation is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taste bud cells are relatively short lived because of the high degree of abrasion they encounter. 
B)  Taste buds are confined to the oral cavity. 
C)  Changes in the membrane potential of the taste bud sensory cells cause them to release neurotransmitter onto the dendrites of sensory neurons. 
D)  Humans perceive only three categories of tastes: sweet, sour, and bitter. 
E)  Most taste buds are found on the papillae of the tongue. 
A)  Taste bud cells are relatively short lived because of the high degree of abrasion they encounter. 
B)  Taste buds are confined to the oral cavity. 
C)  Changes in the membrane potential of the taste bud sensory cells cause them to release neurotransmitter onto the dendrites of sensory neurons. 
D)  Humans perceive only three categories of tastes: sweet, sour, and bitter. 
E)  Most taste buds are found on the papillae of the tongue.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about sensory systems is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rattlesnakes have pit organs to detect infrared wavelengths. 
B)  Cephalopod mollusks and vertebrates independently evolved image-forming eyes. 
C)  Nocturnal animals have a high percentage of cones in their retinas, whereas diurnal animals have a high percentage of rods. 
D)  Fish detect water movements with their lateral lines. 
E)  Bats have small muscles in their ears that contract to dampen sounds when they are emitting calls. 
A)  Rattlesnakes have pit organs to detect infrared wavelengths. 
B)  Cephalopod mollusks and vertebrates independently evolved image-forming eyes. 
C)  Nocturnal animals have a high percentage of cones in their retinas, whereas diurnal animals have a high percentage of rods. 
D)  Fish detect water movements with their lateral lines. 
E)  Bats have small muscles in their ears that contract to dampen sounds when they are emitting calls.

Question 15

A male silkworm moth locates a female at a distance by

Accepted Answer

A)  flying toward a chemical signal. 
B)  flying toward a sound signal. 
C)  flying toward anything shaped like a female moth. 
D)  emitting a sound as the female approaches. 
E)  emitting a chemical as the female approaches. 
A)  flying toward a chemical signal. 
B)  flying toward a sound signal. 
C)  flying toward anything shaped like a female moth. 
D)  emitting a sound as the female approaches. 
E)  emitting a chemical as the female approaches.

Question 16

Taste buds are structures that are responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  gustation. 
B)  vomeronasal responses. 
C)  vision. 
D)  hearing. 
E)  touch. 
A)  gustation. 
B)  vomeronasal responses. 
C)  vision. 
D)  hearing. 
E)  touch.

Question 17

Which of the following behaviors results from the adaptation of sensory cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Going into a deep sleep 
B)  Discriminating different colors 
C)  Ignoring your shoes as you walk 
D)  Detecting high-pitched notes 
E)  Detecting sound and light simultaneously 
A)  Going into a deep sleep 
B)  Discriminating different colors 
C)  Ignoring your shoes as you walk 
D)  Detecting high-pitched notes 
E)  Detecting sound and light simultaneously

Question 18

The molecular mechanism by which light is absorbed into visual systems is

Accepted Answer

A)  a change of shape in the opsin protein. 
B)  depolarization of the rhodopsin molecule. 
C)  isomerization of the retinal molecule. 
D)  oxidation of the rhodopsin molecule. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  a change of shape in the opsin protein. 
B)  depolarization of the rhodopsin molecule. 
C)  isomerization of the retinal molecule. 
D)  oxidation of the rhodopsin molecule. 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following structures is not found in the inner ear?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reissner's membrane 
B)  Tectorial membrane 
C)  Tympanic membrane 
D)  Basilar membrane 
E)  Semicircular canal 
A)  Reissner's membrane 
B)  Tectorial membrane 
C)  Tympanic membrane 
D)  Basilar membrane 
E)  Semicircular canal

Question 20

Nocturnal vertebrate animals need to see in very low levels of light. It would be advantageous for these animals to have more _______ than diurnal animals.

Accepted Answer

A)  rod cells 
B)  ommatidia and hair cells 
C)  hair cells and stretch receptors 
D)  glial cells and taste buds 
E)  ganglion cells and cone cells 
A)  rod cells 
B)  ommatidia and hair cells 
C)  hair cells and stretch receptors 
D)  glial cells and taste buds 
E)  ganglion cells and cone cells

Exam 46: Sensory Systems

Which of the following statements about the molecular events of photoreception is false?

A dense layer of photoreceptor cells at the back of the vertebrate eye forms the _______.

Just before they are transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, visual signals are processed by _______.

Meissner's corpuscles

Stereocilia in hair cells in the canals of the fish lateral line

Mammals can alter the shape of the lens by contracting the _______.

The amount of light entering the eye is decreased when the

Which of the following statements about a sensory cell is false?

The female silkworm moth releases a chemical called bombykol from a gland at the tip of her abdomen. Bombykol is

Which of the following statements about the mammalian auditory system is false?

Mammals use vomeronasal organs to sense

Which of the following are not mechanoreceptors?

Which of the following statements about human gustation is false?

Which of the following statements about sensory systems is false?

A male silkworm moth locates a female at a distance by

Taste buds are structures that are responsible for

Which of the following behaviors results from the adaptation of sensory cells?

The molecular mechanism by which light is absorbed into visual systems is

Which of the following structures is not found in the inner ear?

Nocturnal vertebrate animals need to see in very low levels of light. It would be advantageous for these animals to have more _______ than diurnal animals.

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