Question 1

Some halophytic plants have salt glands that

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulate salt in their roots. 
B)  serve as barriers to salt intake. 
C)  maintain high salt concentrations in the plant. 
D)  secrete salt onto the leaf surface. 
E)  increase water loss from the plant. 
A)  accumulate salt in their roots. 
B)  serve as barriers to salt intake. 
C)  maintain high salt concentrations in the plant. 
D)  secrete salt onto the leaf surface. 
E)  increase water loss from the plant. D

Question 2

In cacti, leaves are modified to form _______, and photosynthesis is carried out in the _______ region.

Accepted Answer

spines; stem

Question 3

In aquatic plants, _______ tissue allows oxygen to reach submerged tissues.

Accepted Answer

aerenchyma

Question 4

Secondary metabolites

Accepted Answer

A)  are essential for basic biological reactions. 
B)  are similar in all plants. 
C)  occur more often in animals than in plants. 
D)  may attract or inhibit other organisms. 
E)  are usually of high molecular weight. 
A)  are essential for basic biological reactions. 
B)  are similar in all plants. 
C)  occur more often in animals than in plants. 
D)  may attract or inhibit other organisms. 
E)  are usually of high molecular weight.

Question 5

Systemic acquired resistance

Accepted Answer

A)  is restricted to a few pathogens. 
B)  is short-lived. 
C)  is limited to the pathogen that induced it. 
D)  results in the formation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. 
E)  is not effective against viruses. 
A)  is restricted to a few pathogens. 
B)  is short-lived. 
C)  is limited to the pathogen that induced it. 
D)  results in the formation of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. 
E)  is not effective against viruses.

Question 6

Cold weather affects the _______ fluidity of plants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cold weather affects the _______ fluidity of...

Question 7

Steroids produced by plants may

Accepted Answer

A)  attract pollinators and animals that disperse seeds. 
B)  affect the nervous systems of animals. 
C)  inhibit fungal action. 
D)  prevent normal development in insects. 
E)  impair growth of competing plants. 
A)  attract pollinators and animals that disperse seeds. 
B)  affect the nervous systems of animals. 
C)  inhibit fungal action. 
D)  prevent normal development in insects. 
E)  impair growth of competing plants.

Question 8

When a plant detects an attack by an herbivorous insect, a(n) _______ pathway is initiated, which in turn activates defenses such as the production of protease inhibitors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a plant detects an attack by...

Question 9

Which of the following is not a secondary plant metabolite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phenolics 
B)  Alkaloids 
C)  Terpenes 
D)  Glucosinolates 
E)  PR proteins 
A)  Phenolics 
B)  Alkaloids 
C)  Terpenes 
D)  Glucosinolates 
E)  PR proteins

Question 10

Plants with long dormant periods interrupted by short periods of rapid growth and reproduction typically live in _______ environments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plants with long dormant periods interrupted by...

Question 11

Plants with fleshy, water-storing leaves are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plants with fleshy, water-storing leaves are called...

Question 12

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a saline environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accumulation and transport of sodium ions 
B)  Sequestering of sodium ions in roots 
C)  Salt glands in leaves 
D)  Fleshy, gummy leaves 
E)  Small leaves with small cells 
A)  Accumulation and transport of sodium ions 
B)  Sequestering of sodium ions in roots 
C)  Salt glands in leaves 
D)  Fleshy, gummy leaves 
E)  Small leaves with small cells

Question 13

Non-water-soluble (hydrophobic) poisons are stored in a plant's

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  laticifers or epidermal waxes. 
C)  Golgi bodies. 
D)  mitochondria. 
E)  vacuoles. 
A)  chloroplasts. 
B)  laticifers or epidermal waxes. 
C)  Golgi bodies. 
D)  mitochondria. 
E)  vacuoles.

Question 14

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing a signaling pathway for synthesis of a defensive secondary metabolite.  
-What causes the release of an elicitor and what type of molecule is it?

Accepted Answer

An elicitor is produced by the plant in

Question 15

Why do you think an ocotillo plant that lives in the deserts of the southwestern United States loses its leaves?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a deciduous plant like many trees in the eastern part of the United States, and it sheds its leaves in the fall in response to decreasing day length. 
B)  It sheds it leaves because of cold weather. 
C)  It sheds its leaves because of hot weather. 
D)  It sheds its leaves when it becomes desiccated, in order to prevent further water loss. 
E)  It sheds its leaves when there is too much water. 
A)  It is a deciduous plant like many trees in the eastern part of the United States, and it sheds its leaves in the fall in response to decreasing day length. 
B)  It sheds it leaves because of cold weather. 
C)  It sheds its leaves because of hot weather. 
D)  It sheds its leaves when it becomes desiccated, in order to prevent further water loss. 
E)  It sheds its leaves when there is too much water.

Question 16

The main function of heat shock proteins is to

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilize proteins necessary to a cell's survival. 
B)  reinforce membranes that lose fluidity. 
C)  cause the plant to enter dormancy. 
D)  act as an antifreeze compound. 
E)  stimulate bolting. 
A)  stabilize proteins necessary to a cell's survival. 
B)  reinforce membranes that lose fluidity. 
C)  cause the plant to enter dormancy. 
D)  act as an antifreeze compound. 
E)  stimulate bolting.

Question 17

Herbivory

Accepted Answer

A)  is an attack by plants on animals. 
B)  always reduces plant growth. 
C)  usually increases the rate of photosynthesis in the remaining leaves. 
D)  reduces the rate of transport of photosynthetic products from the remaining leaves. 
E)  is always lethal to the grazed plant. 
A)  is an attack by plants on animals. 
B)  always reduces plant growth. 
C)  usually increases the rate of photosynthesis in the remaining leaves. 
D)  reduces the rate of transport of photosynthetic products from the remaining leaves. 
E)  is always lethal to the grazed plant.

Question 18

Phytoalexin production is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a constitutive plant defense. 
B)  an environmental challenge. 
C)  an induced plant defense. 
D)  a mechanical defense. 
E)  a constitutive and induced plant defense. 
A)  a constitutive plant defense. 
B)  an environmental challenge. 
C)  an induced plant defense. 
D)  a mechanical defense. 
E)  a constitutive and induced plant defense.

Question 19

By accumulating the amino acid proline, plants

Accepted Answer

A)  become toxic to most herbivores. 
B)  can carry out alcoholic fermentation. 
C)  can extract more water from the soil. 
D)  can avoid toxic effects from sodium. 
E)  attract animals that disperse seeds. 
A)  become toxic to most herbivores. 
B)  can carry out alcoholic fermentation. 
C)  can extract more water from the soil. 
D)  can avoid toxic effects from sodium. 
E)  attract animals that disperse seeds.

Question 20

Which statement about latex is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is sometimes contained in laticifers. 
B)  It is typically white. 
C)  It is often toxic to insects. 
D)  It is a rubbery solid. 
E)  Milkweeds produce it. 
A)  It is sometimes contained in laticifers. 
B)  It is typically white. 
C)  It is often toxic to insects. 
D)  It is a rubbery solid. 
E)  Milkweeds produce it.

Exam 39: Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Some halophytic plants have salt glands that

In cacti, leaves are modified to form _______, and photosynthesis is carried out in the _______ region.

In aquatic plants, _______ tissue allows oxygen to reach submerged tissues.

Secondary metabolites

Systemic acquired resistance

Cold weather affects the _______ fluidity of plants.

Steroids produced by plants may

When a plant detects an attack by an herbivorous insect, a(n) _______ pathway is initiated, which in turn activates defenses such as the production of protease inhibitors.

Which of the following is not a secondary plant metabolite?

Plants with long dormant periods interrupted by short periods of rapid growth and reproduction typically live in _______ environments.

Plants with fleshy, water-storing leaves are called _______.

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a saline environment?

Non-water-soluble (hydrophobic) poisons are stored in a plant's

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing a signaling pathway for synthesis of a defensive secondary metabolite. -What causes the release of an elicitor and what type of molecule is it?

Why do you think an ocotillo plant that lives in the deserts of the southwestern United States loses its leaves?

The main function of heat shock proteins is to

Herbivory

Phytoalexin production is an example of

By accumulating the amino acid proline, plants

Which statement about latex is not true?

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