Question 1

All carbohydrates

Accepted Answer

A)  are polymers. 
B)  are simple sugars. 
C)  consist of one or more simple sugars. 
D)  are found in biological membranes. 
E)  are more soluble in nonpolar solvents than in water. 
A)  are polymers. 
B)  are simple sugars. 
C)  consist of one or more simple sugars. 
D)  are found in biological membranes. 
E)  are more soluble in nonpolar solvents than in water. C

Question 2

Cholesterol is soluble in chloroform, an organic solvent, but it is not soluble in water. Based on this information, what class of biological macromolecules does cholesterol belong to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oligosaccharides 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Enzymes 
E)  Lipids 
A)  Oligosaccharides 
B)  Carbohydrates 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Enzymes 
E)  Lipids E

Question 3

Complex carbohydrates should be a mainstay of one's diet. What properties of carbohydrates make them excellent food sources?

Accepted Answer

Complex carbohydrates are easily broken down into glucose monomers, which provide nearly all cellular energy. By storing glucose monomers in large carbohydrates, the osmotic strain on any given cell is reduced without sacrificing availability of energy.

Question 4

All lipids are

Accepted Answer

A)  triglycerides. 
B)  polar. 
C)  hydrophilic. 
D)  polymers of fatty acids. 
E)  more soluble in nonpolar solvents than in water. 
A)  triglycerides. 
B)  polar. 
C)  hydrophilic. 
D)  polymers of fatty acids. 
E)  more soluble in nonpolar solvents than in water.

Question 5

A $\beta$ pleated sheet organization in a polypeptide chain is an example of _______ structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  coiled 
A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  tertiary 
D)  quaternary 
E)  coiled

Question 6

A molecule with the formula C16H30O15 is a

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrocarbon. 
B)  carbohydrate. 
C)  lipid. 
D)  protein. 
E)  nucleic acid. 
A)  hydrocarbon. 
B)  carbohydrate. 
C)  lipid. 
D)  protein. 
E)  nucleic acid.

Question 7

Which of the following biological molecules is/are linked by covalent bonds formed by the removal of the elements of water from the reactants (a kind of condensation reaction)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oils 
B)  Waxes 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Starch 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Oils 
B)  Waxes 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Starch 
E)  All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following protein structures is destroyed by denaturation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Tertiary 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Primary 
B)  Secondary 
C)  Tertiary 
D)  Both b and c 
E)  All of the above

Question 9

Chitin is a polymer of

Accepted Answer

A)  galactosamine. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  glucosamine. 
D)  glycine. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  galactosamine. 
B)  glucose. 
C)  glucosamine. 
D)  glycine. 
E)  All of the above

Question 10

Which of the following statements about lipids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids are a major component of the phospholipid bilayer. 
B)  Lipids provide waterproofing for the surfaces of organisms. 
C)  Steroid hormones are lipids. 
D)  A number of vitamins are lipids. 
E)  All of the above statements are true. 
A)  Lipids are a major component of the phospholipid bilayer. 
B)  Lipids provide waterproofing for the surfaces of organisms. 
C)  Steroid hormones are lipids. 
D)  A number of vitamins are lipids. 
E)  All of the above statements are true.

Question 11

The tertiary structure of a protein is determined by its

Accepted Answer

A)  interactions among R groups. 
B)  right-handed coil. 
C)  hydrogen bonding. 
D)  branching. 
E)  glycosidic linkages. 
A)  interactions among R groups. 
B)  right-handed coil. 
C)  hydrogen bonding. 
D)  branching. 
E)  glycosidic linkages.

Question 12

Consider the following triglycerides (A and B)   a. In B, circle the remnant of the glycerol portion of the triglyceride.
b. Which triglyceride (A or B) is probably a solid at room temperature? Explain your answer.
c. Which triglyceride (A or B) is probably derived from a plant? Explain your answer.
d. How many water molecules result from the formation of triglyceride B from glycerol and three fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& b. Triglyceride A is probably solid at

Question 13

Starch and glycogen, which are both polysaccharides, differ structurally in that glycogen _______, whereas starch _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  is highly branched; is moderately branched 
B)  consists of parallel strands; is highly branched 
C)  consists of a combination of branching and parallel strands; is moderately branched 
D)  is moderately branched; consists of parallel strands 
E)  is highly branched; consists of parallel strands 
A)  is highly branched; is moderately branched 
B)  consists of parallel strands; is highly branched 
C)  consists of a combination of branching and parallel strands; is moderately branched 
D)  is moderately branched; consists of parallel strands 
E)  is highly branched; consists of parallel strands

Question 14

Suppose that you have isolated a protein with the following amino acid sequence: RSCFLA. Refer to the diagrams in Table 3.1 of the textbook, and draw this protein. In your drawing, label the N terminus and the C terminus and show all peptide linkages. How many water molecules are generated in the synthesis of this protein?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that you have isolated a protein...

Question 15

You look at the label on a container of shortening and see the words "hydrogenated vegetable oil." This means that during processing, the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the oil was decreased. What is the result of decreasing the number of double bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  The oil now has a lower melting point. 
B)  The oil is now solid at room temperature. 
C)  There are more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. 
D)  The oil is now a derivative carbohydrate. 
E)  The fatty acid is now a triglyceride. 
A)  The oil now has a lower melting point. 
B)  The oil is now solid at room temperature. 
C)  There are more "kinks" in the fatty acid chains. 
D)  The oil is now a derivative carbohydrate. 
E)  The fatty acid is now a triglyceride.

Question 16

Glucosamine and galactosamine are monosaccharides in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced by a(n) _______ group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucosamine and galactosamine are monosaccharides in which...

Question 17

The bonds that form between the atoms of polymeric macromolecules are _______ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen 
B)  peptide 
C)  disulfide 
D)  covalent 
E)  ionic 
A)  hydrogen 
B)  peptide 
C)  disulfide 
D)  covalent 
E)  ionic

Question 18

Which of the following statement about isomers is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They all have different chemical formulas but the same arrangement. 
B)  They are found only in proteins. 
C)  They can only be structural. 
D)  They all have the same chemical formula but different arrangements. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  They all have different chemical formulas but the same arrangement. 
B)  They are found only in proteins. 
C)  They can only be structural. 
D)  They all have the same chemical formula but different arrangements. 
E)  None of the above

Question 19

A fat is most closely related to which of the molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  A wax 
B)  A phospholipid 
C)  An oil 
D)  Cholesterol 
E)  A carotenoid 
A)  A wax 
B)  A phospholipid 
C)  An oil 
D)  Cholesterol 
E)  A carotenoid

Question 20

Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Starch 
C)  Cellulose 
D)  Hemoglobin 
E)  Deoxyribose 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Starch 
C)  Cellulose 
D)  Hemoglobin 
E)  Deoxyribose

Exam 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

All carbohydrates

Cholesterol is soluble in chloroform, an organic solvent, but it is not soluble in water. Based on this information, what class of biological macromolecules does cholesterol belong to?

Complex carbohydrates should be a mainstay of one's diet. What properties of carbohydrates make them excellent food sources?

All lipids are

A β\betaβ pleated sheet organization in a polypeptide chain is an example of _______ structure.

A molecule with the formula C16H30O15 is a

Which of the following biological molecules is/are linked by covalent bonds formed by the removal of the elements of water from the reactants (a kind of condensation reaction)?

Which of the following protein structures is destroyed by denaturation?

Chitin is a polymer of

Which of the following statements about lipids is false?

The tertiary structure of a protein is determined by its

Starch and glycogen, which are both polysaccharides, differ structurally in that glycogen _______, whereas starch _______.

You look at the label on a container of shortening and see the words "hydrogenated vegetable oil." This means that during processing, the number of carbon-carbon double bonds in the oil was decreased. What is the result of decreasing the number of double bonds?

Glucosamine and galactosamine are monosaccharides in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced by a(n) _______ group.

The bonds that form between the atoms of polymeric macromolecules are _______ bonds.

Which of the following statement about isomers is true?

A fat is most closely related to which of the molecules?

Which of the following is not a carbohydrate?

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

A $\beta$ pleated sheet organization in a polypeptide chain is an example of _______ structure.

A molecule with the formula C₁₆H₃₀O₁₅ is a

Starch and glycogen, which are both polysaccharides, differ structurally in that glycogen _, whereas starch _.