Question 1

Two important polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine; cytosine 
B)  RNA; DNA 
C)  sucrose; lactose 
D)  cellulose; starch 
E)  testosterone; cortisone 
A)  guanine; cytosine 
B)  RNA; DNA 
C)  sucrose; lactose 
D)  cellulose; starch 
E)  testosterone; cortisone

Question 2

Aldehydes and ketones are very similar in that they both contain

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphorus atoms. 
B)  sulfur atoms. 
C)  a carbonyl group (C=O). 
D)  nitrogen atoms. 
E)  two "R" groups. 
A)  phosphorus atoms. 
B)  sulfur atoms. 
C)  a carbonyl group (C=O). 
D)  nitrogen atoms. 
E)  two "R" groups.

Question 3

A(n) _______ protein is a protein that has become nonfunctional due to the loss of its three-dimensional structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  permanent 
B)  reversible 
C)  denatured 
D)  hydrolyzed 
E)  environmentalized 
A)  permanent 
B)  reversible 
C)  denatured 
D)  hydrolyzed 
E)  environmentalized

Question 4

Molecules containing a large number of hydroxyl groups are

Accepted Answer

A)  basic. 
B)  highly stable structurally. 
C)  involved in reactions forming more complex molecules. 
D)  nonpolar. 
E)  highly soluble in water. 
A)  basic. 
B)  highly stable structurally. 
C)  involved in reactions forming more complex molecules. 
D)  nonpolar. 
E)  highly soluble in water.

Question 5

The main function of cellulose, the most abundant organic compound on Earth, is

Accepted Answer

A)  to store genetic information. 
B)  as a storage compound for energy in plant cells. 
C)  as a storage compound for energy in animal cells. 
D)  as a component of biological membranes. 
E)  to provide mechanical strength to plant cell walls. 
A)  to store genetic information. 
B)  as a storage compound for energy in plant cells. 
C)  as a storage compound for energy in animal cells. 
D)  as a component of biological membranes. 
E)  to provide mechanical strength to plant cell walls.

Question 6

Waxes are formed by

Accepted Answer

A)  adding water to fatty acids. 
B)  removing water from fatty acids. 
C)  combining fatty acids with alcohol. 
D)  condensing fatty acids with glycerol. 
E)  combining fatty acids with vitamin A. 
A)  adding water to fatty acids. 
B)  removing water from fatty acids. 
C)  combining fatty acids with alcohol. 
D)  condensing fatty acids with glycerol. 
E)  combining fatty acids with vitamin A.

Question 7

A type of protein that functions by helping other proteins fold correctly is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  foldzyme. 
B)  renaturing protein. 
C)  chaperone protein. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  denaturing protein. 
A)  foldzyme. 
B)  renaturing protein. 
C)  chaperone protein. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  denaturing protein.

Question 8

Peptide chains have a(n) _______ and a(n) _______ end.

Accepted Answer

A)  start; stop 
B)  +; - 
C)  N terminus; C terminus 
D)  5'; 3' 
E)  A; Z 
A)  start; stop 
B)  +; - 
C)  N terminus; C terminus 
D)  5'; 3' 
E)  A; Z

Question 9

Which of the following functional groups is the most polar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydroxyl 
B)  Aldehyde 
C)  Keto 
D)  Carboxylic acids 
E)  Sulfhydryl 
A)  Hydroxyl 
B)  Aldehyde 
C)  Keto 
D)  Carboxylic acids 
E)  Sulfhydryl

Question 10

The difference between $\alpha$- and $\beta$-glucose is

Accepted Answer

A)  in the number of covalent bonds present. 
B)  in the placement of OH and H atoms. 
C)  in the type of R group attached to the terminal carbon. 
D)  that $\alpha$-glucose is polar, whereas $\beta$-glucose is nonpolar. 
E)  that $\alpha$-glucose is a pentose, whereas $\beta$-glucose is a hexose. 
A)  in the number of covalent bonds present. 
B)  in the placement of OH and H atoms. 
C)  in the type of R group attached to the terminal carbon. 
D)  that $\alpha$-glucose is polar, whereas $\beta$-glucose is nonpolar. 
E)  that $\alpha$-glucose is a pentose, whereas $\beta$-glucose is a hexose.

Question 11

In condensation reactions, the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen. 
B)  only one of the reactants. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  enzymes. 
A)  oxygen. 
B)  only one of the reactants. 
C)  both of the reactants. 
D)  carbohydrates. 
E)  enzymes.

Question 12

Fatty acids with more than one carbon-carbon double bond are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fatty acids with more than one carbon-carbon...

Question 13

Which of the following statements about proteins is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes are proteins. 
B)  They are part of the phospholipid bilayer. 
C)  Some hormones are proteins. 
D)  They are structural components of the cell. 
E)  All of the above are true of proteins. 
A)  Enzymes are proteins. 
B)  They are part of the phospholipid bilayer. 
C)  Some hormones are proteins. 
D)  They are structural components of the cell. 
E)  All of the above are true of proteins.

Question 14

Polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polynucleotides

Accepted Answer

A)  contain simple sugars. 
B)  are broken down in hydrolysis reactions. 
C)  are found in cell membranes. 
D)  contain nitrogen. 
E)  have molecular weights less than 30,000 daltons. 
A)  contain simple sugars. 
B)  are broken down in hydrolysis reactions. 
C)  are found in cell membranes. 
D)  contain nitrogen. 
E)  have molecular weights less than 30,000 daltons.

Question 15

A(n) _______ linkage connects the fatty acid molecule to glycerol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _______ linkage connects the fatty acid...

Question 16

The three amino acids shown in the diagram below

Accepted Answer

A)  are hydrophilic. 
B)  are hydrophobic. 
C)  have polar side chains. 
D)  form disulfide bridges. 
E)  are smaller than other amino acids. 
A)  are hydrophilic. 
B)  are hydrophobic. 
C)  have polar side chains. 
D)  form disulfide bridges. 
E)  are smaller than other amino acids.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monomers of carbohydrates have six carbon atoms. 
B)  Monomers of carbohydrates are linked together during dehydration. 
C)  Carbohydrates are energy-storage molecules. 
D)  Carbohydrates can be used as carbon skeletons. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  Monomers of carbohydrates have six carbon atoms. 
B)  Monomers of carbohydrates are linked together during dehydration. 
C)  Carbohydrates are energy-storage molecules. 
D)  Carbohydrates can be used as carbon skeletons. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 18

Sucrose, known as common table sugar, is a

Accepted Answer

A)  hexose. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  disaccharide. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  simple sugar. 
A)  hexose. 
B)  lipid. 
C)  disaccharide. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  simple sugar.

Question 19

Proteins consists of amino acids linked together by

Accepted Answer

A)  noncovalent bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  phosphodiester bonds. 
D)  van der Waals forces. 
E)  Both a and b 
A)  noncovalent bonds. 
B)  peptide bonds. 
C)  phosphodiester bonds. 
D)  van der Waals forces. 
E)  Both a and b

Question 20

A protein can best be defined as a polymer

Accepted Answer

A)  of amino acids. 
B)  containing one or more polypeptide chains. 
C)  containing 20 amino acids. 
D)  containing 20 peptide linkages. 
E)  containing double helices. 
A)  of amino acids. 
B)  containing one or more polypeptide chains. 
C)  containing 20 amino acids. 
D)  containing 20 peptide linkages. 
E)  containing double helices.

Exam 3: Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Two important polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are _______ and _______.

Aldehydes and ketones are very similar in that they both contain

A(n) _______ protein is a protein that has become nonfunctional due to the loss of its three-dimensional structure.

Molecules containing a large number of hydroxyl groups are

The main function of cellulose, the most abundant organic compound on Earth, is

Waxes are formed by

A type of protein that functions by helping other proteins fold correctly is called a

Peptide chains have a(n) _______ and a(n) _______ end.

Which of the following functional groups is the most polar?

The difference between α\alphaα - and β\betaβ -glucose is

In condensation reactions, the atoms that make up a water molecule are derived from

Fatty acids with more than one carbon-carbon double bond are called _______.

Which of the following statements about proteins is false?

Polysaccharides, polypeptides, and polynucleotides

A(n) _______ linkage connects the fatty acid molecule to glycerol.

The three amino acids shown in the diagram below

Which of the following statements about carbohydrates is false?

Sucrose, known as common table sugar, is a

Proteins consists of amino acids linked together by

A protein can best be defined as a polymer

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

Two important polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are _ and _.

Peptide chains have a(n) _ and a(n) _ end.

The difference between $\alpha$ - and $\beta$ -glucose is