Question 1

The study of proteomes allows scientists to compare

Accepted Answer

A)  the proteome with the genome to see if the gene sequences are correct. 
B)  proteome sequences between species to see if similar proteins are expressed in all species. 
C)  transcriptional patterns in different organisms. 
D)  highly repetitive DNA sequences in different organisms. 
E)  how noncoding regions of the genome differ in different organisms. 
A)  the proteome with the genome to see if the gene sequences are correct. 
B)  proteome sequences between species to see if similar proteins are expressed in all species. 
C)  transcriptional patterns in different organisms. 
D)  highly repetitive DNA sequences in different organisms. 
E)  how noncoding regions of the genome differ in different organisms. B

Question 2

The gene most responsible for differences in size among different breeds of dogs is the _______ gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  myostatin 
B)  phosphofructokinase 
C)  insulin-like growth factor 
D)  tyrosine growth factor 
E)  giant 
A)  myostatin 
B)  phosphofructokinase 
C)  insulin-like growth factor 
D)  tyrosine growth factor 
E)  giant C

Question 3

Use the following to answer questions:
The diagram below shows how DNA is sequenced.  
-At which step can DNA synthesis be halted by the incorporation of a ddNTP?

Accepted Answer

A)  Step 2 
B)  Step 3 
C)  Step 4 
D)  Step 5 
E)  Step 6 or later 
A)  Step 2 
B)  Step 3 
C)  Step 4 
D)  Step 5 
E)  Step 6 or later B

Question 4

Which of the following statements about eukaryote retrotransposons is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are translated before they are transcribed. 
B)  They use an RNA intermediate to move from one region of the genome to another. 
C)  They are highly repetitive sequences found throughout the genome. 
D)  They can encode gene products that are required for their own transposition. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  They are translated before they are transcribed. 
B)  They use an RNA intermediate to move from one region of the genome to another. 
C)  They are highly repetitive sequences found throughout the genome. 
D)  They can encode gene products that are required for their own transposition. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 5

The minimum genome of Mycoplasma genitalium

Accepted Answer

A)  has 100 genes. 
B)  has been used to create new species. 
C)  has an RNA genome. 
D)  is larger than the genome of E. coli. 
E)  was derived by transposon mutagenesis. 
A)  has 100 genes. 
B)  has been used to create new species. 
C)  has an RNA genome. 
D)  is larger than the genome of E. coli. 
E)  was derived by transposon mutagenesis.

Question 6

What is the major disadvantage of hierarchical sequencing as compared to shotgun sequencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hierarchical sequencing requires more sophisticated computer algorithms. 
B)  Hierarchical sequencing requires special restriction enzymes, whereas shotgun sequencing does not. 
C)  Hierarchical sequencing requires more steps than shotgun sequencing, and hence is slower. 
D)  Both a and b are disadvantages. 
E)  None of the above is a disadvantage. 
A)  Hierarchical sequencing requires more sophisticated computer algorithms. 
B)  Hierarchical sequencing requires special restriction enzymes, whereas shotgun sequencing does not. 
C)  Hierarchical sequencing requires more steps than shotgun sequencing, and hence is slower. 
D)  Both a and b are disadvantages. 
E)  None of the above is a disadvantage.

Question 7

In some species of moths, the genes that make chorion for the eggshell are found in multiple copies in order to maximize the production of chorion at specific times. In this regard, these chorion genes are most like

Accepted Answer

A)  pseudogenes. 
B)  highly repetitive DNA. 
C)  rRNA genes. 
D)  transposons. 
E)  introns. 
A)  pseudogenes. 
B)  highly repetitive DNA. 
C)  rRNA genes. 
D)  transposons. 
E)  introns.

Question 8

What is the major reason Arabidopsis thaliana is a favorite plant among plant biologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a large genome, by plant standards. 
B)  It is easily cultivated and manipulated. 
C)  It is an autotroph. 
D)  It flowers. 
E)  It is a common weed. 
A)  It has a large genome, by plant standards. 
B)  It is easily cultivated and manipulated. 
C)  It is an autotroph. 
D)  It flowers. 
E)  It is a common weed.

Question 9

In what way does a ddNTP differ from its dNTP counterparts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ddNTP has an extra - COOH group. 
B)  The ddNTP has an extra - OH group. 
C)  The ddNTP is missing an - OH group. 
D)  The ddNTP is a doublet of the dNTP. 
E)  The ddNTP is not attached to the base. 
A)  The ddNTP has an extra - COOH group. 
B)  The ddNTP has an extra - OH group. 
C)  The ddNTP is missing an - OH group. 
D)  The ddNTP is a doublet of the dNTP. 
E)  The ddNTP is not attached to the base.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the human proteome is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the sum total of all proteins produced by an organism. 
B)  It is more complex than the genome. 
C)  It includes the small molecules found in a cell. 
D)  Its study often involves two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  It is the sum total of all proteins produced by an organism. 
B)  It is more complex than the genome. 
C)  It includes the small molecules found in a cell. 
D)  Its study often involves two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 11

The florescent dye attached to ddNTPs in DNA sequencing

Accepted Answer

A)  aids in visualization of the DNA strand when the ddNTP is incorporated. 
B)  acts as a catalyst for the reaction. 
C)  terminates the reaction. 
D)  aids in electrophoresis. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  aids in visualization of the DNA strand when the ddNTP is incorporated. 
B)  acts as a catalyst for the reaction. 
C)  terminates the reaction. 
D)  aids in electrophoresis. 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

SNPs

Accepted Answer

A)  are inherited as independent alleles. 
B)  show little variation in the human population. 
C)  are usually inherited as a unit. 
D)  have been very successful in identifying people with increased risk for disease. 
E)  will likely supplant genome sequencing in the future. 
A)  are inherited as independent alleles. 
B)  show little variation in the human population. 
C)  are usually inherited as a unit. 
D)  have been very successful in identifying people with increased risk for disease. 
E)  will likely supplant genome sequencing in the future.

Question 13

In DNA sequencing,

Accepted Answer

A)  very long fragments (>1,000 base pairs) cannot be reliably sequenced. 
B)  DNA is heated to separate the strand. 
C)  primers are needed. 
D)  2',3'-dideoxynucleotides are used. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  very long fragments (>1,000 base pairs) cannot be reliably sequenced. 
B)  DNA is heated to separate the strand. 
C)  primers are needed. 
D)  2',3'-dideoxynucleotides are used. 
E)  All of the above

Question 14

The proteome

Accepted Answer

A)  is the sum total of all proteins produced by an organism. 
B)  is less complex than the genome. 
C)  does not include structural proteins. 
D)  differs markedly from eukaryote to eukaryote for enzymes of metabolism. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  is the sum total of all proteins produced by an organism. 
B)  is less complex than the genome. 
C)  does not include structural proteins. 
D)  differs markedly from eukaryote to eukaryote for enzymes of metabolism. 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

Functional genomics

Accepted Answer

A)  assigns functions to the products of genes. 
B)  assigns functions to regulatory sequences. 
C)  compares genes in different organisms to see how those organisms are related physiologically. 
D)  Both a and c 
E)  All of the above 
A)  assigns functions to the products of genes. 
B)  assigns functions to regulatory sequences. 
C)  compares genes in different organisms to see how those organisms are related physiologically. 
D)  Both a and c 
E)  All of the above

Question 16

Suppose a long sequence of DNA is cut with four different restriction enzymes. Which restriction enzyme should produce the fewest number of fragments?

Accepted Answer

A)  One that cuts at the sequence GACT 
B)  One that cuts at the sequence GCCTCT 
C)  One that cuts at the sequence AGTTCTAT 
D)  One that cuts at the sequence CAGTTCTATG 
E)  Each of these enzymes should produce roughly the same number of fragments. 
A)  One that cuts at the sequence GACT 
B)  One that cuts at the sequence GCCTCT 
C)  One that cuts at the sequence AGTTCTAT 
D)  One that cuts at the sequence CAGTTCTATG 
E)  Each of these enzymes should produce roughly the same number of fragments.

Question 17

Massively parallel sequencing can sequence about _______ base pairs of DNA within seven hours.

Accepted Answer

A)  5,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  5,000,000 
D)  50,000,000 
E)  5,000,000,000 
A)  5,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  5,000,000 
D)  50,000,000 
E)  5,000,000,000

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the nematode C. elegans is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a transparent body. 
B)  Despite having a small number of cells, it has a nervous system. 
C)  Despite having a small number of cells, it can reproduce sexually. 
D)  It normally lives in soil. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  It has a transparent body. 
B)  Despite having a small number of cells, it has a nervous system. 
C)  Despite having a small number of cells, it can reproduce sexually. 
D)  It normally lives in soil. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 19

Which of the following is a major difference between LINEs and SINEs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins are translated from LINEs but not from SINEs. 
B)  SINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas LINEs do not. 
C)  LINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas SINEs do not. 
D)  SINEs are larger than LINEs. 
E)  SINEs can move from place to place in the genome, whereas LINEs cannot. 
A)  Proteins are translated from LINEs but not from SINEs. 
B)  SINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas LINEs do not. 
C)  LINEs make RNA copies of themselves, whereas SINEs do not. 
D)  SINEs are larger than LINEs. 
E)  SINEs can move from place to place in the genome, whereas LINEs cannot.

Question 20

A functional genomic map would not show

Accepted Answer

A)  noncoding repetitive repeats. 
B)  rRNA genes. 
C)  genes for transcription factors. 
D)  genes for proteins of known function. 
E)  tRNA genes. 
A)  noncoding repetitive repeats. 
B)  rRNA genes. 
C)  genes for transcription factors. 
D)  genes for proteins of known function. 
E)  tRNA genes.

Exam 17: Genomes

The study of proteomes allows scientists to compare

The gene most responsible for differences in size among different breeds of dogs is the _______ gene.

Use the following to answer questions: The diagram below shows how DNA is sequenced. -At which step can DNA synthesis be halted by the incorporation of a ddNTP?

Which of the following statements about eukaryote retrotransposons is false?

The minimum genome of Mycoplasma genitalium

What is the major disadvantage of hierarchical sequencing as compared to shotgun sequencing?

In some species of moths, the genes that make chorion for the eggshell are found in multiple copies in order to maximize the production of chorion at specific times. In this regard, these chorion genes are most like

What is the major reason Arabidopsis thaliana is a favorite plant among plant biologists?

In what way does a ddNTP differ from its dNTP counterparts?

Which of the following statements about the human proteome is false?

The florescent dye attached to ddNTPs in DNA sequencing

SNPs

In DNA sequencing,

The proteome

Functional genomics

Suppose a long sequence of DNA is cut with four different restriction enzymes. Which restriction enzyme should produce the fewest number of fragments?

Massively parallel sequencing can sequence about _______ base pairs of DNA within seven hours.

Which of the following statements about the nematode C. elegans is false?

Which of the following is a major difference between LINEs and SINEs?

A functional genomic map would not show

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