Question 1

Complex phenotypes in humans are most often determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  single genes. 
B)  multiple genes. 
C)  environmental factors only. 
D)  multiple genes together with environmental factors. 
E)  single gene together with environmental factors. 
A)  single genes. 
B)  multiple genes. 
C)  environmental factors only. 
D)  multiple genes together with environmental factors. 
E)  single gene together with environmental factors.

Question 2

In August 2009, researchers announced the discovery that the success or failure of current treatments for hepatitis C is determined to a large extent by variants of the IL28B gene. This important finding is an example of the discoveries coming from the field of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In August 2009, researchers announced the discovery...

Question 3

The first free-living organism to have its complete genome sequenced was

Accepted Answer

A)  the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. 
B)  the bacterium Mycoplasma genitaliu. 
C)  the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. 
D)  the typhus-causing bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii. 
E)  E. coli strain 0157:H7. 
A)  the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. 
B)  the bacterium Mycoplasma genitaliu. 
C)  the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster. 
D)  the typhus-causing bacterium Rickettsia prowazekii. 
E)  E. coli strain 0157:H7.

Question 4

The most striking difference between the genomes of E. coli and S. cerevisae is that the yeast genome contains many more genes devoted to

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolism. 
B)  membrane transport. 
C)  DNA replication, repair, and recombination. 
D)  targeting proteins to organelles. 
E)  energy production and storage. 
A)  metabolism. 
B)  membrane transport. 
C)  DNA replication, repair, and recombination. 
D)  targeting proteins to organelles. 
E)  energy production and storage.

Question 5

Use the following to answer questions

The diagram below shows the use of transposons as mutagens.
  
-Studies like those shown in the diagram would be most useful for questions related to

Accepted Answer

A)  the metabolome. 
B)  proteomics. 
C)  metagenomics. 
D)  bacterial artificial chromosomes. 
E)  determining minimal genome size. 
A)  the metabolome. 
B)  proteomics. 
C)  metagenomics. 
D)  bacterial artificial chromosomes. 
E)  determining minimal genome size.

Question 6

The usefulness of genomic scans for determining the likelihood that a person will eventually develop diabetes is limited because

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple genes contribute to the development of the disease. 
B)  environmental factors influence the likelihood of contracting the disease. 
C)  epigenetic factors play a role in whether one will acquire the disease. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  multiple genes contribute to the development of the disease. 
B)  environmental factors influence the likelihood of contracting the disease. 
C)  epigenetic factors play a role in whether one will acquire the disease. 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 7

Metagenomics

Accepted Answer

A)  compares genomes from different organisms. 
B)  involves shotgun DNA sequencing. 
C)  requires the isolation of organisms in pure culture. 
D)  does not use PCR. 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  compares genomes from different organisms. 
B)  involves shotgun DNA sequencing. 
C)  requires the isolation of organisms in pure culture. 
D)  does not use PCR. 
E)  Both b and c

Question 8

The causative agent of SARS is

Accepted Answer

A)  a Gram-positive bacterium. 
B)  a Gram-negative bacterium. 
C)  a virus. 
D)  a fungus. 
E)  unknown. 
A)  a Gram-positive bacterium. 
B)  a Gram-negative bacterium. 
C)  a virus. 
D)  a fungus. 
E)  unknown.

Question 9

Suppose you use a radioactively labeled DNA probe to identify a DNA fragment from an EcoRI digestion of human DNA. When you complete your hybridization, you notice that the probe has hybridized to several different fragments in the DNA sample. How would you explain this result?

Accepted Answer

The DNA sequence of the probe

Question 10

The genes that encode estrogen receptors and those that encode adrenal steroid receptors evolved from an ancestral gene hundreds of millions of years ago. These genes are an example of a gene _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The genes that encode estrogen receptors and...

Question 11

Which of the following is least likely to be associated with metagenomics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacterial culture techniques 
B)  Shotgun sequencing 
C)  Comparative genomics 
D)  PCR 
E)  Sampling from the field 
A)  Bacterial culture techniques 
B)  Shotgun sequencing 
C)  Comparative genomics 
D)  PCR 
E)  Sampling from the field

Question 12

Which of the following is used in massively parallel DNA sequencing but not in conventional sequencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  ddNTPs 
B)  The polymerase chain reaction 
C)  Microbeads 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  ddNTPs 
B)  The polymerase chain reaction 
C)  Microbeads 
D)  Both a and b 
E)  Both b and c

Question 13

Eukaryotic protein-coding genes differ from their prokaryotic counterparts in that eukaryotic genes

Accepted Answer

A)  are double-stranded. 
B)  are present in only a single copy. 
C)  contain introns. 
D)  have promoters. 
E)  are transcribed into mRNA. 
A)  are double-stranded. 
B)  are present in only a single copy. 
C)  contain introns. 
D)  have promoters. 
E)  are transcribed into mRNA.

Question 14

Which of the following was not a component of the sequencing of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Large segments of DNA cloned into bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) 
B)  cDNA cloning 
C)  Computer alignment of overlapping pieces of chromosomes 
D)  Sequencing of DNA with dideoxy nucleotides 
E)  Bioinformatics 
A)  Large segments of DNA cloned into bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) 
B)  cDNA cloning 
C)  Computer alignment of overlapping pieces of chromosomes 
D)  Sequencing of DNA with dideoxy nucleotides 
E)  Bioinformatics

Question 15

Genomic information can be stored in a _______, which is a collection of many different cloned fragments of the genome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genomic information can be stored in a...

Question 16

A piece of DNA that is 3 kb in length is found in many locations throughout the genome. How would you decide whether this was a LINE or a DNA transposon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Count the number of copies in the genome. If it has more than 10,000 copies, it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
B)  Count the number of copies in the genome. If it has more than 10,000 copies, it is a DNA transposon; if not, it is a LINE. 
C)  If it contains the sequence GCTCGATC it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
D)  If it uses an RNA intermediate, it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
E)  If it uses a copy and paste mechanism of copying, it is a DNA transposon; if not, it is a LINE. 
A)  Count the number of copies in the genome. If it has more than 10,000 copies, it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
B)  Count the number of copies in the genome. If it has more than 10,000 copies, it is a DNA transposon; if not, it is a LINE. 
C)  If it contains the sequence GCTCGATC it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
D)  If it uses an RNA intermediate, it is a LINE; if not, it is a DNA transposon. 
E)  If it uses a copy and paste mechanism of copying, it is a DNA transposon; if not, it is a LINE.

Question 17

What percentage of the human genome is DNA that codes for proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less than 5% 
B)  Between 5 and 15% 
C)  Between 15 and 25% 
D)  Between 25 and 40% 
E)  Over 40% 
A)  Less than 5% 
B)  Between 5 and 15% 
C)  Between 15 and 25% 
D)  Between 25 and 40% 
E)  Over 40%

Question 18

Segments of DNA that can move from place to place in the genome are collectively known as _______.

Accepted Answer

transposab

Question 19

Highly repetitive sequences are often found in the transcriptionally inactive and densely packed region of a chromosome called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Highly repetitive sequences are often found in...

Question 20

Which of the following diseases is most unlike the others with respect to its genetic basis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary heart disease 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Type I diabetes 
E)  Rheumatoid arthritis 
A)  Coronary heart disease 
B)  Sickle cell anemia 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Type I diabetes 
E)  Rheumatoid arthritis

Exam 17: Genomes

Complex phenotypes in humans are most often determined by

In August 2009, researchers announced the discovery that the success or failure of current treatments for hepatitis C is determined to a large extent by variants of the IL28B gene. This important finding is an example of the discoveries coming from the field of _______.

The first free-living organism to have its complete genome sequenced was

The most striking difference between the genomes of E. coli and S. cerevisae is that the yeast genome contains many more genes devoted to

Use the following to answer questions The diagram below shows the use of transposons as mutagens. -Studies like those shown in the diagram would be most useful for questions related to

The usefulness of genomic scans for determining the likelihood that a person will eventually develop diabetes is limited because

Metagenomics

The causative agent of SARS is

Suppose you use a radioactively labeled DNA probe to identify a DNA fragment from an EcoRI digestion of human DNA. When you complete your hybridization, you notice that the probe has hybridized to several different fragments in the DNA sample. How would you explain this result?

The genes that encode estrogen receptors and those that encode adrenal steroid receptors evolved from an ancestral gene hundreds of millions of years ago. These genes are an example of a gene _______.

Which of the following is least likely to be associated with metagenomics?

Which of the following is used in massively parallel DNA sequencing but not in conventional sequencing?

Eukaryotic protein-coding genes differ from their prokaryotic counterparts in that eukaryotic genes

Which of the following was not a component of the sequencing of the human genome?

Genomic information can be stored in a _______, which is a collection of many different cloned fragments of the genome.

A piece of DNA that is 3 kb in length is found in many locations throughout the genome. How would you decide whether this was a LINE or a DNA transposon?

What percentage of the human genome is DNA that codes for proteins?

Segments of DNA that can move from place to place in the genome are collectively known as _______.

Highly repetitive sequences are often found in the transcriptionally inactive and densely packed region of a chromosome called _______.

Which of the following diseases is most unlike the others with respect to its genetic basis?

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