Question 1

The hypersensitive response

Accepted Answer

A)  results in the formation of necrotic lesions on leaves. 
B)  is initially a localized response to infection. 
C)  involves the killing of plant cells. 
D)  results in containment of an infection. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  results in the formation of necrotic lesions on leaves. 
B)  is initially a localized response to infection. 
C)  involves the killing of plant cells. 
D)  results in containment of an infection. 
E)  All of the above

Question 2

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing a signaling pathway for synthesis of a defensive secondary metabolite.  
-What two roles do jasmonates play in this defensive system?

Accepted Answer

Jasmonates act as a trigger for (1) prod

Question 3

Plants that concentrate the harmless amino acid proline in their cells have

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased negative water potential. 
B)  an increased rate of transpiration. 
C)  an increased resistance to grazing. 
D)  decreased salt loss. 
E)  decreased water uptake. 
A)  an increased negative water potential. 
B)  an increased rate of transpiration. 
C)  an increased resistance to grazing. 
D)  decreased salt loss. 
E)  decreased water uptake.

Question 4

Grazing increases photosynthetic rates in certain plant species because

Accepted Answer

A)  it allows more light to reach younger, more active leaves. 
B)  older leaves transport sugars more slowly to the roots. 
C)  it allows the roots to take up more nitrogen. 
D)  older, dying leaves are sugar sinks. 
E)  it reduces competition for atmospheric carbon dioxide. 
A)  it allows more light to reach younger, more active leaves. 
B)  older leaves transport sugars more slowly to the roots. 
C)  it allows the roots to take up more nitrogen. 
D)  older, dying leaves are sugar sinks. 
E)  it reduces competition for atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Question 5

Annual plants in the deserts of the southwestern part of the United States

Accepted Answer

A)  have long growing seasons. 
B)  usually bloom during the dry season. 
C)  avoid drought by surviving dry periods as seeds. 
D)  have extensive root systems. 
E)  require several months of growth before flowering. 
A)  have long growing seasons. 
B)  usually bloom during the dry season. 
C)  avoid drought by surviving dry periods as seeds. 
D)  have extensive root systems. 
E)  require several months of growth before flowering.

Question 6

Use the following to answer questions :
Refer to the diagram below, showing signaling between plants and pathogens.  
-What is the name of the long-term system of immunity in which PR proteins can play a role?

Accepted Answer

Systemic a

Question 7

According to some data, a unique feature of oil of wintergreen is that it can stimulate production of PR protein in

Accepted Answer

A)  leaves. 
B)  roots. 
C)  flowering regions. 
D)  a plant harboring an infection. 
E)  plants neighboring the infected plant that produced it. 
A)  leaves. 
B)  roots. 
C)  flowering regions. 
D)  a plant harboring an infection. 
E)  plants neighboring the infected plant that produced it.

Question 8

Plants limit the spread of viral pathogens by blocking their plasmodesmata with _______.

Accepted Answer

polysaccha

Question 9

The proteins that enhance a plant's response to attack are called

Accepted Answer

A)  pathogenesis-related proteins. 
B)  expansins. 
C)  antibiotics. 
D)  phytoalexins. 
E)  local defenders. 
A)  pathogenesis-related proteins. 
B)  expansins. 
C)  antibiotics. 
D)  phytoalexins. 
E)  local defenders.

Question 10

Which of the following is not an adaptation to drought conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water-storing tissues 
B)  Leaf loss 
C)  Sunken stomata 
D)  Increased stomata number 
E)  CAM photosynthesis 
A)  Water-storing tissues 
B)  Leaf loss 
C)  Sunken stomata 
D)  Increased stomata number 
E)  CAM photosynthesis

Question 11

Which of the following is not a common defense against bacteria and fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lignin formation 
B)  Phytoalexins 
C)  A waxy covering 
D)  The hypersensitive response 
E)  Mycorrhizae 
A)  Lignin formation 
B)  Phytoalexins 
C)  A waxy covering 
D)  The hypersensitive response 
E)  Mycorrhizae

Question 12

Which of the following is not an adaptation of xerophytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aerenchyma 
B)  Deep tap roots 
C)  Crassulacean acid metabolism 
D)  Succulence 
E)  Accumulation of proline in vacuoles 
A)  Aerenchyma 
B)  Deep tap roots 
C)  Crassulacean acid metabolism 
D)  Succulence 
E)  Accumulation of proline in vacuoles

Question 13

Plants can produce the respiratory poison cyanide without poisoning themselves because plants

Accepted Answer

A)  do not respire. 
B)  store a cyanide precursor in one compartment and activating enzymes in another. 
C)  store water-soluble cyanide in laticifers. 
D)  possess enzymes that are unaffected by cyanide. 
E)  also produce proteins that bind and inhibit cyanide. 
A)  do not respire. 
B)  store a cyanide precursor in one compartment and activating enzymes in another. 
C)  store water-soluble cyanide in laticifers. 
D)  possess enzymes that are unaffected by cyanide. 
E)  also produce proteins that bind and inhibit cyanide.

Question 14

Plants that tolerate heavy metals commonly

Accepted Answer

A)  differ genetically from other members of their species. 
B)  do not take up the heavy metals. 
C)  are tolerant to all heavy metals. 
D)  are slow to colonize an area rich in heavy metals. 
E)  weigh more than plants that are sensitive to heavy metals. 
A)  differ genetically from other members of their species. 
B)  do not take up the heavy metals. 
C)  are tolerant to all heavy metals. 
D)  are slow to colonize an area rich in heavy metals. 
E)  weigh more than plants that are sensitive to heavy metals.

Question 15

Polysaccharides serve to

Accepted Answer

A)  store water in plants. 
B)  defend against pathogens. 
C)  repel predators because they are toxic to animals. 
D)  act as salt glands. 
E)  strengthen cell walls to form a barrier against invasion of a pathogen. 
A)  store water in plants. 
B)  defend against pathogens. 
C)  repel predators because they are toxic to animals. 
D)  act as salt glands. 
E)  strengthen cell walls to form a barrier against invasion of a pathogen.

Question 16

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a dry environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  A deep taproot 
B)  Airborne roots 
C)  Higher accumulation of the amino acid proline 
D)  Fleshy leaves 
E)  Shallow but extensive root system 
A)  A deep taproot 
B)  Airborne roots 
C)  Higher accumulation of the amino acid proline 
D)  Fleshy leaves 
E)  Shallow but extensive root system

Question 17

Which of the following is not a method by which plants protect themselves from toxins they produce?

Accepted Answer

A)  By compartmentalizing them 
B)  By building up a tolerance to them 
C)  By adjusting the timing of toxin production 
D)  By storing them in waxes 
E)  By storing them in vacuoles 
A)  By compartmentalizing them 
B)  By building up a tolerance to them 
C)  By adjusting the timing of toxin production 
D)  By storing them in waxes 
E)  By storing them in vacuoles

Question 18

Plants sometimes protect themselves from their own toxic secondary metabolites by

Accepted Answer

A)  producing special enzymes that destroy the toxin. 
B)  storing precursors of the toxic substances in one compartment and the enzymes that convert those precursors to toxic products in another compartment. 
C)  storing the toxic substances in mitochondria or chloroplasts. 
D)  distributing the toxic substances to all cells of the plant. 
E)  performing crassulacean acid metabolism. 
A)  producing special enzymes that destroy the toxin. 
B)  storing precursors of the toxic substances in one compartment and the enzymes that convert those precursors to toxic products in another compartment. 
C)  storing the toxic substances in mitochondria or chloroplasts. 
D)  distributing the toxic substances to all cells of the plant. 
E)  performing crassulacean acid metabolism.

Question 19

Leaf parenchyma tissue with large spaces between cells _______ in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  provide buoyancy; aquatic plants 
B)  decrease transpiration; aquatic plants 
C)  store water; desert plants 
D)  form succulent leaves; desert plants 
E)  excrete salt; halophytes 
A)  provide buoyancy; aquatic plants 
B)  decrease transpiration; aquatic plants 
C)  store water; desert plants 
D)  form succulent leaves; desert plants 
E)  excrete salt; halophytes

Question 20

Plants can be treated with _______ to stimulate the production of pathogenesis-related proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  salicylic acid 
B)  PR inducer 
C)  phytoalexin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  willowgen 
A)  salicylic acid 
B)  PR inducer 
C)  phytoalexin 
D)  cellulose 
E)  willowgen

Exam 39: Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

The hypersensitive response

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing a signaling pathway for synthesis of a defensive secondary metabolite. -What two roles do jasmonates play in this defensive system?

Plants that concentrate the harmless amino acid proline in their cells have

Grazing increases photosynthetic rates in certain plant species because

Annual plants in the deserts of the southwestern part of the United States

Use the following to answer questions : Refer to the diagram below, showing signaling between plants and pathogens. -What is the name of the long-term system of immunity in which PR proteins can play a role?

According to some data, a unique feature of oil of wintergreen is that it can stimulate production of PR protein in

Plants limit the spread of viral pathogens by blocking their plasmodesmata with _______.

The proteins that enhance a plant's response to attack are called

Which of the following is not an adaptation to drought conditions?

Which of the following is not a common defense against bacteria and fungi?

Which of the following is not an adaptation of xerophytes?

Plants can produce the respiratory poison cyanide without poisoning themselves because plants

Plants that tolerate heavy metals commonly

Polysaccharides serve to

Which of the following is not an adaptation to a dry environment?

Which of the following is not a method by which plants protect themselves from toxins they produce?

Plants sometimes protect themselves from their own toxic secondary metabolites by

Leaf parenchyma tissue with large spaces between cells _______ in _______.

Plants can be treated with _______ to stimulate the production of pathogenesis-related proteins.

Studying Life

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Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

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Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

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Leaf parenchyma tissue with large spaces between cells _ in _.