Question 1

The most abundant cells in the blood are

Accepted Answer

A)  erythrocytes. 
B)  leukocytes. 
C)  phagocytes. 
D)  platelets. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  erythrocytes. 
B)  leukocytes. 
C)  phagocytes. 
D)  platelets. 
E)  None of the above

Question 2

_______ are responsible for returning tissue fluid to the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  The lymphatic vessels 
B)  Venules and arterioles 
C)  Capillary beds 
D)  Veins and arteries 
E)  The lungs 
A)  The lymphatic vessels 
B)  Venules and arterioles 
C)  Capillary beds 
D)  Veins and arteries 
E)  The lungs

Question 3

In open circulatory systems of arthropods, fluid enters the _______ through holes called ostia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In open circulatory systems of arthropods, fluid...

Question 4

In mammals, oxygenated blood is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  the right side of the heart. 
B)  the left side of the heart. 
C)  both sides of the heart. 
D)  the pulmonary artery. 
E)  the vena cava. 
A)  the right side of the heart. 
B)  the left side of the heart. 
C)  both sides of the heart. 
D)  the pulmonary artery. 
E)  the vena cava.

Question 5

The movement of blood in the veins toward the heart is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity. 
B)  the contraction of venous walls. 
C)  cilia lining the veins. 
D)  the contraction of nearby muscles. 
E)  venous capacitance. 
A)  gravity. 
B)  the contraction of venous walls. 
C)  cilia lining the veins. 
D)  the contraction of nearby muscles. 
E)  venous capacitance.

Question 6

The left ventricle exceeds the right ventricle in the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of blood that enters during heart contraction. 
B)  volume expelled during contraction. 
C)  pressure developed during contraction. 
D)  speed with which it contracts. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  amount of blood that enters during heart contraction. 
B)  volume expelled during contraction. 
C)  pressure developed during contraction. 
D)  speed with which it contracts. 
E)  All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following does not increase blood flow through a capillary bed?

Accepted Answer

A)  High concentration of CO2 
B)  High concentration of lactate and hydrogen ions 
C)  Histamine 
D)  ADH 
E)  Increase in arterial pressure 
A)  High concentration of CO2 
B)  High concentration of lactate and hydrogen ions 
C)  Histamine 
D)  ADH 
E)  Increase in arterial pressure

Question 8

Which statement about vertebrate circulatory systems is not true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In fish, oxygenated blood from the gills returns to the heart through the left atrium. 
B)  In mammals, deoxygenated blood leaves the heart through the pulmonary artery. 
C)  In amphibians, deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the right atrium. 
D)  In reptiles, the blood in the pulmonary artery has a lower oxygen content than the blood in the aorta. 
E)  In birds, the pressure in the aorta is higher than the pressure in the pulmonary artery. 
A)  In fish, oxygenated blood from the gills returns to the heart through the left atrium. 
B)  In mammals, deoxygenated blood leaves the heart through the pulmonary artery. 
C)  In amphibians, deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the right atrium. 
D)  In reptiles, the blood in the pulmonary artery has a lower oxygen content than the blood in the aorta. 
E)  In birds, the pressure in the aorta is higher than the pressure in the pulmonary artery.

Question 9

The mature red blood cells of humans

Accepted Answer

A)  are more than 75 percent hemoglobin. 
B)  contain no nuclei or endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  have a nearly spherical shape. 
D)  have a relatively low surface area-to-volume ratio. 
E)  have a rigid shape and low flexibility. 
A)  are more than 75 percent hemoglobin. 
B)  contain no nuclei or endoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  have a nearly spherical shape. 
D)  have a relatively low surface area-to-volume ratio. 
E)  have a rigid shape and low flexibility.

Question 10

Suppose a paleontologist finds a fragment of a fossilized vertebrate that indicates that the animal had a three-chambered heart. The animal could be a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  tuna. 
B)  salamander. 
C)  crocodile. 
D)  eagle. 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  tuna. 
B)  salamander. 
C)  crocodile. 
D)  eagle. 
E)  Both b and c

Question 11

The specific location of the heart pacemaker is the

Accepted Answer

A)  sinoatrial node. 
B)  atrioventricular node. 
C)  Purkinje fibers. 
D)  bundle of His. 
E)  ventricular mass. 
A)  sinoatrial node. 
B)  atrioventricular node. 
C)  Purkinje fibers. 
D)  bundle of His. 
E)  ventricular mass.

Question 12

Heart murmurs result from defective

Accepted Answer

A)  heart muscle. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  ventricular contraction. 
D)  blood supply to the heart. 
E)  heart valves. 
A)  heart muscle. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  ventricular contraction. 
D)  blood supply to the heart. 
E)  heart valves.

Question 13

Which of the following concerning the heartbeat is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only the ventricles contract in unison. 
B)  Only the atria contract in unison. 
C)  The atria contract together in unison, and the ventricles contract in unison. 
D)  Only the atrium and ventricle on the right side of the heart contract in unison. 
E)  Only the atrium and ventricle on the left side of the heart contract in unison. 
A)  Only the ventricles contract in unison. 
B)  Only the atria contract in unison. 
C)  The atria contract together in unison, and the ventricles contract in unison. 
D)  Only the atrium and ventricle on the right side of the heart contract in unison. 
E)  Only the atrium and ventricle on the left side of the heart contract in unison.

Question 14

A cardiovascular system is not necessary in the hydra because the hydra

Accepted Answer

A)  is an aquatic animal. 
B)  has no skeleton. 
C)  is only two cells thick. 
D)  has tentacles to move water. 
E)  does not move rapidly. 
A)  is an aquatic animal. 
B)  has no skeleton. 
C)  is only two cells thick. 
D)  has tentacles to move water. 
E)  does not move rapidly.

Question 15

The pacemaker action potentials in the heart

Accepted Answer

A)  are due to opposing actions of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. 
B)  are generated by the bundle of His. 
C)  depend on the gap junctions between the cells that make up the atria and those that make up the ventricles. 
D)  are due to spontaneous depolarization of the plasma membranes of modified cardiac muscle cells. 
E)  result from hyperpolarization of cells in the sinoatrial node. 
A)  are due to opposing actions of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. 
B)  are generated by the bundle of His. 
C)  depend on the gap junctions between the cells that make up the atria and those that make up the ventricles. 
D)  are due to spontaneous depolarization of the plasma membranes of modified cardiac muscle cells. 
E)  result from hyperpolarization of cells in the sinoatrial node.

Question 16

In a cross section through an artery and vein running parallel in your leg, which would necessarily be the artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  The vessel with the largest interior diameter 
B)  The vessel with more muscle tissue and elastin in the wall 
C)  The vessel lined with endothelium 
D)  The vessel with valves to prevent backflow 
E)  All of the above 
A)  The vessel with the largest interior diameter 
B)  The vessel with more muscle tissue and elastin in the wall 
C)  The vessel lined with endothelium 
D)  The vessel with valves to prevent backflow 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

_______ are the sites of exchange of materials between blood and tissue fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  The lymphatic vessels 
B)  Venules and arterioles 
C)  Capillary beds 
D)  Veins and arteries 
E)  The lungs 
A)  The lymphatic vessels 
B)  Venules and arterioles 
C)  Capillary beds 
D)  Veins and arteries 
E)  The lungs

Question 18

A blood clot that becomes established within the lumen of an artery is termed a thrombus. A piece of a thrombus breaking loose can travel through the arteries and eventually become lodged in a vessel of small diameter, resulting in a condition called a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A blood clot that becomes established within...

Question 19

How are lymphatic vessels like veins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both have nodes where they join together into larger common vessels. 
B)  Both carry blood under low pressure. 
C)  Both are capacitance vessels. 
D)  Both have valves. 
E)  Both carry fluids rich in plasma proteins. 
A)  Both have nodes where they join together into larger common vessels. 
B)  Both carry blood under low pressure. 
C)  Both are capacitance vessels. 
D)  Both have valves. 
E)  Both carry fluids rich in plasma proteins.

Question 20

The interstitial fluid that accumulates outside the capillaries is returned to the heart by a separate system of vessels called the _______ system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The interstitial fluid that accumulates outside the...

Exam 50: Circulatory Systems

The most abundant cells in the blood are

_______ are responsible for returning tissue fluid to the blood.

In open circulatory systems of arthropods, fluid enters the _______ through holes called ostia.

In mammals, oxygenated blood is found in

The movement of blood in the veins toward the heart is caused by

The left ventricle exceeds the right ventricle in the

Which of the following does not increase blood flow through a capillary bed?

Which statement about vertebrate circulatory systems is not true?

The mature red blood cells of humans

Suppose a paleontologist finds a fragment of a fossilized vertebrate that indicates that the animal had a three-chambered heart. The animal could be a(n)

The specific location of the heart pacemaker is the

Heart murmurs result from defective

Which of the following concerning the heartbeat is true?

A cardiovascular system is not necessary in the hydra because the hydra

The pacemaker action potentials in the heart

In a cross section through an artery and vein running parallel in your leg, which would necessarily be the artery?

_______ are the sites of exchange of materials between blood and tissue fluid.

A blood clot that becomes established within the lumen of an artery is termed a thrombus. A piece of a thrombus breaking loose can travel through the arteries and eventually become lodged in a vessel of small diameter, resulting in a condition called a(n) _______.

How are lymphatic vessels like veins?

The interstitial fluid that accumulates outside the capillaries is returned to the heart by a separate system of vessels called the _______ system.

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

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Species Interaction and Coevolution

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