Exam 2: Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

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Carbon-12 is the most abundant isotope of carbon on Earth. Carbon-13 makes up about 1 percent of Earth's carbon atoms, and is useful for radioimaging. Which of the following is true?

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The optimum pH for growing strawberries is 6.5, whereas the optimum pH for growing blueberries is 4.5. Therefore, the number of hydrogen ions needed to grow strawberries is _______ times the number needed for blueberries.

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A basic solution contains

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The electronegativity of an atom depends upon the number of _______ and how far the _______ are from the nucleus.

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A van der Waals interaction is an attraction between

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What is the difference between an atom and an element?

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Ice is used in beverages primarily because

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Solutions that contain buffers tend to resist pH changes because buffers

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When magnesium (Mg) bonds with another element, you would expect that it would

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The atomic number of an element is the same as the number of _______ in each atom.

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A substance with a pH of 6.0 contains

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Carbonic acid and sodium bicarbonate act as buffers in the blood. When a small amount of acid is added to this buffer, the H+ ions are used up as they combine with the bicarbonate ions. When this happens, the pH of the blood

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Which of the following elements is the most chemically reactive?

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The difference between an acid and a base is that an acid _______, whereas a base _______.

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The ability of atoms to combine with other atoms is determined by

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To determine the number of molecules in a teaspoon of sugar you have to know

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Which of the following atoms usually has the greatest number of covalent bonds with other atoms?

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Phosphorus has an atomic number of 15 and an atomic weight of 30.974. From this information it can be determined that this element

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Calcium has an atomic number of 20. Draw structures for Ca and Ca2+. What is the difference between these structures? Why is the most common ion of lithium Li+?

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A covalent bond is the sharing of _______ between atoms, whereas an ionic bond is the _______.

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