Question 1

Which property of yeast cells makes them useful eukaryotic hosts for recombinant DNA studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their rapid rate of cell division 
B)  Their small genome size 
C)  Their ease of growth in the laboratory 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Their rapid rate of cell division 
B)  Their small genome size 
C)  Their ease of growth in the laboratory 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the toxin from B. thuringiensis is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was applied as a pesticide long before it was added to plants via recombinant DNA. 
B)  Many different transgenic crops are grown with the toxin. 
C)  The use of this toxin has greatly reduced the need to apply pesticides. 
D)  The toxin acts primarily against vertebrate pests. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false. 
A)  It was applied as a pesticide long before it was added to plants via recombinant DNA. 
B)  Many different transgenic crops are grown with the toxin. 
C)  The use of this toxin has greatly reduced the need to apply pesticides. 
D)  The toxin acts primarily against vertebrate pests. 
E)  All of the above are true; none is false.

Question 3

Which of the following is used as a reporter gene in recombinant DNA work with bacteria as host cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA 
B)  Green fluorescent protein 
C)  Antibiotic sensitivity 
D)  Ability to make ornithine 
E)  Vitamin synthesis 
A)  rRNA 
B)  Green fluorescent protein 
C)  Antibiotic sensitivity 
D)  Ability to make ornithine 
E)  Vitamin synthesis

Question 4

Microarray technology relies on the production of small, specified DNA segments called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microarray technology relies on the production of...

Question 5

Which of the following is the most likely clinical use of the enzyme TPA (tissue plasminogen activator)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stopping division of cancer cells 
B)  Dissolving blood clots 
C)  Producing insulin 
D)  Producing antibodies 
E)  Producing hemoglobin to treat anemia 
A)  Stopping division of cancer cells 
B)  Dissolving blood clots 
C)  Producing insulin 
D)  Producing antibodies 
E)  Producing hemoglobin to treat anemia

Question 6

The Ti plasmid

Accepted Answer

A)  is derived from E. coli. 
B)  replicates in host cells. 
C)  is useful in introducing foreign DNA into yeasts. 
D)  is useful in introducing foreign DNA into plants. 
E)  is of viral origin. 
A)  is derived from E. coli. 
B)  replicates in host cells. 
C)  is useful in introducing foreign DNA into yeasts. 
D)  is useful in introducing foreign DNA into plants. 
E)  is of viral origin.

Question 7

Who discovered that a mold makes the antibiotic penicillin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Laura van 't Veer 
B)  Alexander Fleming 
C)  Louis Pasteur 
D)  Francis Crick 
E)  Leroy Hood 
A)  Laura van 't Veer 
B)  Alexander Fleming 
C)  Louis Pasteur 
D)  Francis Crick 
E)  Leroy Hood

Question 8

What is glyphosate?

Accepted Answer

A)  An insecticide 
B)  An herbicide 
C)  The enzyme that converts plasminogen to plasmin 
D)  An antisense RNA that binds to bcl2 mRNA 
E)  A precursor of vitamin A 
A)  An insecticide 
B)  An herbicide 
C)  The enzyme that converts plasminogen to plasmin 
D)  An antisense RNA that binds to bcl2 mRNA 
E)  A precursor of vitamin A

Question 9

Expression vectors

Accepted Answer

A)  are useful for analyzing RNA transcription patterns. 
B)  are useful for isolating large amounts of DNA. 
C)  can be used to make large amounts of protein in E. coli cells. 
D)  are useful only in prokaryotic cells, and cannot be expressed in eukaryotic cells. 
E)  are used to create SNPs for DNA microarrays. 
A)  are useful for analyzing RNA transcription patterns. 
B)  are useful for isolating large amounts of DNA. 
C)  can be used to make large amounts of protein in E. coli cells. 
D)  are useful only in prokaryotic cells, and cannot be expressed in eukaryotic cells. 
E)  are used to create SNPs for DNA microarrays.

Question 10

A gene in a cell can be replaced with its inactivated form by a method called _______ recombination.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A gene in a cell can be...

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions:
The diagram below shows the steps used in microarray analysis to detect differences in expression between tumor tissue and normal tissue.  
-At which step does reverse transcription occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before arrow 1 
B)  Between arrows 1 and 2 
C)  At arrow 3 
D)  At arrow 4 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Before arrow 1 
B)  Between arrows 1 and 2 
C)  At arrow 3 
D)  At arrow 4 
E)  None of the above

Question 12

Suppose a strain of corn was genetically engineered to tolerate low pH, and the corn was then planted in a field that is exposed to severe acid rain. This example would be an illustration of

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of a transgenic crop that is adapted to its environment. 
B)  tailoring the environment to the needs of crop plants. 
C)  pharming. 
D)  the complexity of the proteome as compared to the genome. 
E)  the use of homologous recombination in biotechnology. 
A)  the production of a transgenic crop that is adapted to its environment. 
B)  tailoring the environment to the needs of crop plants. 
C)  pharming. 
D)  the complexity of the proteome as compared to the genome. 
E)  the use of homologous recombination in biotechnology.

Question 13

To replicate within the cells of a host, recombinant DNA must either _______ into the host's genome or contain a(n) ________. Otherwise the recombinant DNA would not be replicated since _______ requires specific sequences to bind to DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  integrate; origin of replication; DNA polymerase 
B)  integrate; vector; DNA polymerase 
C)  recombine; origin of replication; DNA ligase 
D)  recombine; stop transcription signal; DNA polymerase 
E)  integrate; stop transcription signal; DNA ligase 
A)  integrate; origin of replication; DNA polymerase 
B)  integrate; vector; DNA polymerase 
C)  recombine; origin of replication; DNA ligase 
D)  recombine; stop transcription signal; DNA polymerase 
E)  integrate; stop transcription signal; DNA ligase

Question 14

The disease called crown gall is caused by the

Accepted Answer

A)  insertion of a transposable element carried on the Ti plasmid. 
B)  transcription of the Ti plasmid in the plant cells. 
C)  transfer of bacterial genomes into the plant cell genome. 
D)  rampant multiplication of A. tumefaciens bacteria within the plant. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  insertion of a transposable element carried on the Ti plasmid. 
B)  transcription of the Ti plasmid in the plant cells. 
C)  transfer of bacterial genomes into the plant cell genome. 
D)  rampant multiplication of A. tumefaciens bacteria within the plant. 
E)  None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following was an early major use of bacteria for bioremediation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The insertion of transgenes from bacteria that act as toxins against herbivores into plants 
B)  The use of bacteria to consume contaminating crude oil 
C)  The production of a pharmaceutical agent in the milk of a transgenic cow 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The insertion of transgenes from bacteria that act as toxins against herbivores into plants 
B)  The use of bacteria to consume contaminating crude oil 
C)  The production of a pharmaceutical agent in the milk of a transgenic cow 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 16

The use of biotechnological approaches for the improvement of crop plants has been more controversial than their use to prepare medically useful products. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  People eat food that could contain transgenes. 
B)  Crops are grown outside, and there is a chance that a transgene could escape to other organisms. 
C)  Herbicide-resistance could spread to weed species. 
D)  Beneficial insects could be harmed by plants expressing the BT toxin. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  People eat food that could contain transgenes. 
B)  Crops are grown outside, and there is a chance that a transgene could escape to other organisms. 
C)  Herbicide-resistance could spread to weed species. 
D)  Beneficial insects could be harmed by plants expressing the BT toxin. 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

To stop translation of a messenger RNA, biologists sometimes use _______ RNA, a molecule that has the complement to the mRNA they wish to silence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To stop translation of a messenger RNA,...

Question 18

Expression vectors are different from other vectors because they contain

Accepted Answer

A)  drug-resistance markers. 
B)  telomeres. 
C)  regulatory regions that permit the cloned DNA to produce a gene product. 
D)  DNA origins. 
E)  reporter genes that are expressed in the host. 
A)  drug-resistance markers. 
B)  telomeres. 
C)  regulatory regions that permit the cloned DNA to produce a gene product. 
D)  DNA origins. 
E)  reporter genes that are expressed in the host.

Question 19

Biotechnology may perhaps best be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  a branch of the science of molecular biology. 
B)  its own scientific discipline. 
C)  a collection of approaches to the exploitation of living systems to make useful products. 
D)  an industry to make products useful to medicine. 
E)  an industry to make products useful to agriculture. 
A)  a branch of the science of molecular biology. 
B)  its own scientific discipline. 
C)  a collection of approaches to the exploitation of living systems to make useful products. 
D)  an industry to make products useful to medicine. 
E)  an industry to make products useful to agriculture.

Question 20

Complementary DNA (cDNA)

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced from ribonucleoside triphosphates. 
B)  is produced by reverse transcription. 
C)  is the "other strand" of single-stranded DNA in a virus. 
D)  requires no template for its synthesis. 
E)  cannot be placed into a vector because it has the opposite base sequence of the vector DNA. 
A)  is produced from ribonucleoside triphosphates. 
B)  is produced by reverse transcription. 
C)  is the "other strand" of single-stranded DNA in a virus. 
D)  requires no template for its synthesis. 
E)  cannot be placed into a vector because it has the opposite base sequence of the vector DNA.

Exam 18: Recombinent Dna and Biotechnology

Which property of yeast cells makes them useful eukaryotic hosts for recombinant DNA studies?

Which of the following statements about the toxin from B. thuringiensis is false?

Which of the following is used as a reporter gene in recombinant DNA work with bacteria as host cells?

Microarray technology relies on the production of small, specified DNA segments called _______.

Which of the following is the most likely clinical use of the enzyme TPA (tissue plasminogen activator)?

The Ti plasmid

Who discovered that a mold makes the antibiotic penicillin?

What is glyphosate?

Expression vectors

A gene in a cell can be replaced with its inactivated form by a method called _______ recombination.

Use the following to answer questions: The diagram below shows the steps used in microarray analysis to detect differences in expression between tumor tissue and normal tissue. -At which step does reverse transcription occur?

Suppose a strain of corn was genetically engineered to tolerate low pH, and the corn was then planted in a field that is exposed to severe acid rain. This example would be an illustration of

To replicate within the cells of a host, recombinant DNA must either _______ into the host's genome or contain a(n) ________. Otherwise the recombinant DNA would not be replicated since _______ requires specific sequences to bind to DNA.

The disease called crown gall is caused by the

Which of the following was an early major use of bacteria for bioremediation?

The use of biotechnological approaches for the improvement of crop plants has been more controversial than their use to prepare medically useful products. Why?

To stop translation of a messenger RNA, biologists sometimes use _______ RNA, a molecule that has the complement to the mRNA they wish to silence.

Expression vectors are different from other vectors because they contain

Biotechnology may perhaps best be described as

Complementary DNA (cDNA)

Studying Life

Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids

Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life

Cells: the Working Units of Life

Cell Membranes

Cell Signaling and Communication

Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Energy From Sunlight

The Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Dna and Its Role in Heredity

From Dna to Protein: Gene Expression

Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine

Regulation of Gene Expression

Genomes

Differential Gene Expression in Development

Development and Evolutionary Change

Evidence and Mechanisms of Evolution

Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies

Species and Their Formation

Evolution of Genes and Genomes

The History of Life on Earth

Bacteria and Archaea: the Prokaryotic Domains

The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes

Plants Without Seeds: From Water to Land

The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi: Recyclers, Pathogens, Parasites, and Plant Partners

Animal Origins and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostome Animals

Deuterostome Animals

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Regulation of Plant Growth

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Responses to Environmental Challenges

Physiology, Homeostasis, and Temperature Regulation

Animal Hormones

Immunology: Animal Defense Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Mammalian Nervous System: Structure and Higher Function

Musculoskeletal Systems

Gas Exchange in Animals

Circulatory Systems

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Salt and Water Balance and Nitrogen

Animal Behavior

Ecology and the Distribution of Life

Population Ecology

Species Interaction and Coevolution

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Global Ecology

Conservation Biology

Filters

To replicate within the cells of a host, recombinant DNA must either _ into the host's genome or contain a(n) . Otherwise the recombinant DNA would not be replicated since _ requires specific sequences to bind to DNA.