Question 1

Sound is translated into action potentials by _______ neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sound is translated into action potentials by...

Question 2

Ganglia frequently come in pairs

Accepted Answer

A)  with one ganglion at each end of an animal. 
B)  with one ganglion controlling afferent neurons and the other controlling efferent neurons. 
C)  in animals that show bilateral symmetry. 
D)  with one ganglion controlling sensory neurons and the other controlling effectors. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  with one ganglion at each end of an animal. 
B)  with one ganglion controlling afferent neurons and the other controlling efferent neurons. 
C)  in animals that show bilateral symmetry. 
D)  with one ganglion controlling sensory neurons and the other controlling effectors. 
E)  None of the above

Question 3

The resting potential across the neuronal membrane is generally maintained by the

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium-potassium pump. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  resting potential. 
D)  voltage-gated channels. 
E)  negative ion pump. 
A)  sodium-potassium pump. 
B)  action potential. 
C)  resting potential. 
D)  voltage-gated channels. 
E)  negative ion pump.

Question 4

While you read this question, your neurons are busy sending information to and from your brain; meanwhile, the metabolic needs of those neurons are met by

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent neurons. 
B)  efferent neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  glial cells. 
E)  None of the above 
A)  afferent neurons. 
B)  efferent neurons. 
C)  interneurons. 
D)  glial cells. 
E)  None of the above

Question 5

A neuron found entirely within the human arm is part of the _______ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A neuron found entirely within the human...

Question 6

There are about _______ neurons in the human brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 
B)  1 million 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion 
E)  100 billion 
A)  100,000 
B)  1 million 
C)  100 million 
D)  1 billion 
E)  100 billion

Question 7

Which of the following brain areas integrates sensory and motor information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain stem 
B)  Olfactory lobe 
C)  Cerebrum 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Brain stem 
B)  Olfactory lobe 
C)  Cerebrum 
D)  Cerebellum 
E)  None of the above

Question 8

The initial membrane event of an action potential is the flow of _______ ions across the membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The initial membrane event of an action...

Question 9

The long extension from the cell body of a neuron that provides the pathway for action potentials to the synapse is the

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  axon. 
D)  presynaptic membrane. 
E)  nerve net. 
A)  dendrite. 
B)  Schwann cell. 
C)  axon. 
D)  presynaptic membrane. 
E)  nerve net.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a type of glial cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oligodendrocytes 
B)  Neural crest cells 
C)  Astrocytes 
D)  Microglial cells 
E)  Schwann cells 
A)  Oligodendrocytes 
B)  Neural crest cells 
C)  Astrocytes 
D)  Microglial cells 
E)  Schwann cells

Question 11

Which of the following statements about neuro­transmitter receptors is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ionotropic receptors are ion channels. 
B)  The acetylcholine receptor of the motor end plate is a metabotropic receptor. 
C)  Metabotropic receptors are not ion channels. 
D)  Metabotropic receptors induce signaling cascades in the postsynaptic cell. 
E)  Responses in the postsynaptic cell mediated by metabotropic receptors are usually slower than those mediated by ionotropic receptors. 
A)  Ionotropic receptors are ion channels. 
B)  The acetylcholine receptor of the motor end plate is a metabotropic receptor. 
C)  Metabotropic receptors are not ion channels. 
D)  Metabotropic receptors induce signaling cascades in the postsynaptic cell. 
E)  Responses in the postsynaptic cell mediated by metabotropic receptors are usually slower than those mediated by ionotropic receptors.

Question 12

The threshold of a neuron is the

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of inhibitory neurotransmitter required to inhibit an action potential. 
B)  membrane voltage at which an axon potential will be suppressed. 
C)  amount of excitatory neurotransmitter required to elicit an action potential. 
D)  membrane voltage at which the membrane potential develops into an action potential. 
E)  closing of numerous sodium channels. 
A)  amount of inhibitory neurotransmitter required to inhibit an action potential. 
B)  membrane voltage at which an axon potential will be suppressed. 
C)  amount of excitatory neurotransmitter required to elicit an action potential. 
D)  membrane voltage at which the membrane potential develops into an action potential. 
E)  closing of numerous sodium channels.

Question 13

Deadly nerve gases inhibit the enzyme _______.

Accepted Answer

acetylchol

Question 14

What is the difference between glia and neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glia include parts of multiple neurons. 
B)  A neuron is only the soma, or body, of a glial cell. 
C)  Glia carry information away from the brain, whereas neurons carry information to the brain. 
D)  Glia are cells that nourish and support the neurons. 
E)  None of the above; there is no difference between these terms. 
A)  Glia include parts of multiple neurons. 
B)  A neuron is only the soma, or body, of a glial cell. 
C)  Glia carry information away from the brain, whereas neurons carry information to the brain. 
D)  Glia are cells that nourish and support the neurons. 
E)  None of the above; there is no difference between these terms.

Question 15

The fear response that is triggered by a potentially dangerous situation results from activation of the

Accepted Answer

A)  geniculate nucleus. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  frontal lobe. 
E)  cortex. 
A)  geniculate nucleus. 
B)  hippocampus. 
C)  amygdala. 
D)  frontal lobe. 
E)  cortex.

Question 16

Which of the following neurotransmitters is used by neurons as an intercellular messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycine 
B)  Norepinephrine 
C)  Nitric oxide 
D)  Adenosine 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Glycine 
B)  Norepinephrine 
C)  Nitric oxide 
D)  Adenosine 
E)  None of the above

Question 17

The depolarization of a neuron must rise above the _______ before an action potential is achieved.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The depolarization of a neuron must rise...

Question 18

Electrical synapses

Accepted Answer

A)  do not integrate information well. 
B)  contain gap junctions. 
C)  cannot be inhibitory. 
D)  are a rapid means of signal transmission. 
E)  All of the above 
A)  do not integrate information well. 
B)  contain gap junctions. 
C)  cannot be inhibitory. 
D)  are a rapid means of signal transmission. 
E)  All of the above

Question 19

At the anterior ends of animals, some ganglia become enlarged or even fuse together

Accepted Answer

A)  in a continuous process as the animals get older. 
B)  as one moves from simple to more complex animals. 
C)  at sexual maturity. 
D)  in animals showing radial symmetry. 
E)  when glial cells are damaged. 
A)  in a continuous process as the animals get older. 
B)  as one moves from simple to more complex animals. 
C)  at sexual maturity. 
D)  in animals showing radial symmetry. 
E)  when glial cells are damaged.

Question 20

In simple organisms such as the sea anemone, the nervous system consists of a _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In simple organisms such as the sea...

Exam 45: Neurons and Nervous Systems

Sound is translated into action potentials by _______ neurons.

Ganglia frequently come in pairs

The resting potential across the neuronal membrane is generally maintained by the

While you read this question, your neurons are busy sending information to and from your brain; meanwhile, the metabolic needs of those neurons are met by

A neuron found entirely within the human arm is part of the _______ nervous system.

There are about _______ neurons in the human brain.

Which of the following brain areas integrates sensory and motor information?

The initial membrane event of an action potential is the flow of _______ ions across the membrane.

The long extension from the cell body of a neuron that provides the pathway for action potentials to the synapse is the

Which of the following is not a type of glial cell?

Which of the following statements about neuro­transmitter receptors is false?

The threshold of a neuron is the

Deadly nerve gases inhibit the enzyme _______.

What is the difference between glia and neurons?

The fear response that is triggered by a potentially dangerous situation results from activation of the

Which of the following neurotransmitters is used by neurons as an intercellular messenger?

The depolarization of a neuron must rise above the _______ before an action potential is achieved.

Electrical synapses

At the anterior ends of animals, some ganglia become enlarged or even fuse together

In simple organisms such as the sea anemone, the nervous system consists of a _______.

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Which of the following statements about neurotransmitter receptors is false?