Exam 9: Pathways That Harvest Chemical Energy

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and P_i is an _______ reaction. In mitochondria, ATP synthesis is driven by the flow of _______ down the concentration and electrical gradient established by _______.

If additional malate is added to a cell undergoing cellular respiration, there will be

Cyanide poisoning inhibits aerobic respiration at cytochrome c oxidase. Which of the following is not a result of cyanide poisoning at the cellular level?

During the citric acid cycle, oxidative steps are coupled to

The oxidation of pyruvate to carbon dioxide is called

The pathway for the oxidation of glucose to pyruvate is called _______.

The abbreviation for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is _______.

Many species derive their energy from fermentation. The function of fermentation is to

Animals breathe in air containing oxygen and breathe out air with less oxygen and more carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide comes from

The free energy released during the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is

Oxidation and _______ occur together.

Triglycerides are major energy storage molecules. Which statement about the complete oxidation of triglycerides to CO₂ and water and the oxidation of glucose to two molecules of pyruvate is correct?

When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane into the intermembranous space, the result is the

Which of the following is correctly matched with its catabolic product?

The proton-motive force is

When acetyl CoA builds up in the cell, it increases the activity of the enzyme that synthesizes oxaloacetate from pyruvate and carbon dioxide. Acetyl CoA is acting as a(n)

In human muscle cells, the fermentation process produces

The loss of an electron by a ferrous ion (Fe²⁺) to yield a ferric ion (Fe³⁺) is called _______.

In the following redox reaction, _______ is oxidized and _______ is reduced. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) + NAD⁺ + H⁺ + P_i $\to$ 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) + NADH

The oxidation of citrate to carbon dioxide is known as the _______.