Question 1

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will

Accepted Answer

A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) be flaccid. 
A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) be flaccid.

Question 2

If the guard cells and surrounding epidermal cells in a plant are deficient in potassium ions, all of the following would occur except

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis would decrease. 
B) roots would take up less water. 
C) phloem transport rates would decrease. 
D) leaf temperatures would decrease. 
E) stomata would be closed. 
A) photosynthesis would decrease. 
B) roots would take up less water. 
C) phloem transport rates would decrease. 
D) leaf temperatures would decrease. 
E) stomata would be closed.

Question 3

A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Mineral receptor proteins in the plant membrane were not functioning. 
B) Mycorrhizal fungi were killed. 
C) Active transport of minerals was inhibited. 
D) The genes for the synthesis of transport proteins were destroyed. 
E) Proton pumps reversed the membrane potential. 
A) Mineral receptor proteins in the plant membrane were not functioning. 
B) Mycorrhizal fungi were killed. 
C) Active transport of minerals was inhibited. 
D) The genes for the synthesis of transport proteins were destroyed. 
E) Proton pumps reversed the membrane potential.

Question 4

What is the role of proton pumps in root hair cells?

Accepted Answer

A) establish ATP gradients 
B) acquire minerals from the soil 
C) pressurize xylem transport 
D) eliminate excess electrons 
E) A and D only 
A) establish ATP gradients 
B) acquire minerals from the soil 
C) pressurize xylem transport 
D) eliminate excess electrons 
E) A and D only

Question 5

If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?

Accepted Answer

A) bushier plants lower leaf area index 
B) tall plants lower leaf area index 
C) tall plants higher leaf area index 
D) short plants lower leaf area index 
E) bushier plants higher leaf area indexes 
A) bushier plants lower leaf area index 
B) tall plants lower leaf area index 
C) tall plants higher leaf area index 
D) short plants lower leaf area index 
E) bushier plants higher leaf area indexes

Question 6

Long-distance electrical signaling in the phloem has been shown to elicit a change in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) rapid leaf movement 
B) gene transcription 
C) a switch from C4 to C3 photosynthesis 
D) phloem unloading 
A) rapid leaf movement 
B) gene transcription 
C) a switch from C4 to C3 photosynthesis 
D) phloem unloading

Question 7

The xylem conducts nerve-like electrical signals that propagate through the apoplast and help to integrate whole plant function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly because

Accepted Answer

A) the chlorophyll of wilting leaves breaks down. 
B) flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis. 
C) stomata close, preventing CO2 from entering the leaf. 
D) photolysis, the water-splitting step of photosynthesis, cannot occur when there is a water deficiency. 
E) accumulation of CO2 in the leaf inhibits enzymes. 
A) the chlorophyll of wilting leaves breaks down. 
B) flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis. 
C) stomata close, preventing CO2 from entering the leaf. 
D) photolysis, the water-splitting step of photosynthesis, cannot occur when there is a water deficiency. 
E) accumulation of CO2 in the leaf inhibits enzymes.

Question 9

Active transport involves all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane. 
B) pumping of solutes across the membrane. 
C) hydrolysis of ATP. 
D) transport of solute against a concentration gradient. 
E) a specific transport protein in the membrane. 
A) diffusion of solute through the lipid bilayer of a membrane. 
B) pumping of solutes across the membrane. 
C) hydrolysis of ATP. 
D) transport of solute against a concentration gradient. 
E) a specific transport protein in the membrane.

Question 10

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals. If a given water molecule did "circulate" (that is, go from one point in a plant to another and back), it would require the activity of

Accepted Answer

A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem. 
A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem.

Question 11

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined. The leaf was dark green, thin, had stoma on the lower surface only, and had a surface area of 100 square meters. Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Accepted Answer

A) a dry, sandy region 
B) a large, still pond 
C) a tropical rain forest 
D) an oasis within a grassland 
E) the floor of a deciduous forest 
A) a dry, sandy region 
B) a large, still pond 
C) a tropical rain forest 
D) an oasis within a grassland 
E) the floor of a deciduous forest

Question 12

Plasmodesmata can change in number, and when dilated can provide a passageway for macromolecules such as RNA and proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium. 
A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium.

Question 14

Water can cross the cortex via the symplast or apoplast, but minerals moving via the apoplast must finally cross the selective membranes of endodermal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) adhesion of water molecules to cellulose. 
B) cohesion between water molecules. 
C) evaporation of water molecules. 
D) active transport through xylem cells. 
E) transport through tracheids. 
A) adhesion of water molecules to cellulose. 
B) cohesion between water molecules. 
C) evaporation of water molecules. 
D) active transport through xylem cells. 
E) transport through tracheids.

Question 16

Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of a water molecule and cellulose in a vessel cell 
B) covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules 
C) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
D) covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
E) Cohesion has nothing to do with the bonding but is the result of the tight packing of the water molecules in the xylem column. 
A) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of a water molecule and cellulose in a vessel cell 
B) covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules 
C) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
D) covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
E) Cohesion has nothing to do with the bonding but is the result of the tight packing of the water molecules in the xylem column.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants are not tall?

Accepted Answer

A) They would be unable to move water and minerals to the top of the plant during the day. 
B) They would be unable to supply sufficient sucrose for active transport of minerals into the roots during the day or night. 
C) Transpiration occurs only at night, and this would cause a highly negative ¬ in the roots of a tall plant during the day. 
D) Since the stomata are closed in the leaves, the Casparian strip is closed in the endodermis of the root. 
E) With the stomata open at night, the transpiration rate would limit plant height. 
A) They would be unable to move water and minerals to the top of the plant during the day. 
B) They would be unable to supply sufficient sucrose for active transport of minerals into the roots during the day or night. 
C) Transpiration occurs only at night, and this would cause a highly negative ¬ in the roots of a tall plant during the day. 
D) Since the stomata are closed in the leaves, the Casparian strip is closed in the endodermis of the root. 
E) With the stomata open at night, the transpiration rate would limit plant height.

Question 18

Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?

Accepted Answer

A) root hairs 
B) endodermis 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) fungi associated with the roots 
E) fibrous arrangement of the roots 
A) root hairs 
B) endodermis 
C) mycorrhizae 
D) fungi associated with the roots 
E) fibrous arrangement of the roots

Question 19

Stomata open when guard cells

Accepted Answer

A) sense an increase in CO2 in the air spaces of the leaf. 
B) open because of a decrease in turgor pressure. 
C) become more turgid because of an addition of K+, followed by the osmotic entry of water. 
D) close aquaporins, preventing uptake of water. 
E) accumulate water by active transport. 
A) sense an increase in CO2 in the air spaces of the leaf. 
B) open because of a decrease in turgor pressure. 
C) become more turgid because of an addition of K+, followed by the osmotic entry of water. 
D) close aquaporins, preventing uptake of water. 
E) accumulate water by active transport.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is False about bulk flow?

Accepted Answer

A) It is driven primarily by pressure potential. 
B) It is more effective than diffusion over distances greater than 100 μm. 
C) It depends on a difference in pressure potential at the source and sink. 
D) It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water. 
E) It may be the result of either positive or negative pressure potential. 
A) It is driven primarily by pressure potential. 
B) It is more effective than diffusion over distances greater than 100 μm. 
C) It depends on a difference in pressure potential at the source and sink. 
D) It depends on the force of gravity on a column of water. 
E) It may be the result of either positive or negative pressure potential.

Exam 36: Transport in Vascular Plants

Compared to a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will

If the guard cells and surrounding epidermal cells in a plant are deficient in potassium ions, all of the following would occur except

A plant developed a mineral deficiency after being treated with a fungicide. What is the most probable cause of the deficiency?

What is the role of proton pumps in root hair cells?

If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?

Long-distance electrical signaling in the phloem has been shown to elicit a change in all of the following except

The xylem conducts nerve-like electrical signals that propagate through the apoplast and help to integrate whole plant function.

Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly because

Active transport involves all of the following except the

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals. If a given water molecule did "circulate" (that is, go from one point in a plant to another and back), it would require the activity of

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined. The leaf was dark green, thin, had stoma on the lower surface only, and had a surface area of 100 square meters. Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Plasmodesmata can change in number, and when dilated can provide a passageway for macromolecules such as RNA and proteins.

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Water can cross the cortex via the symplast or apoplast, but minerals moving via the apoplast must finally cross the selective membranes of endodermal cells.

Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except

Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?

Which of the following best explains why CAM plants are not tall?

Which of the following would likely not contribute to the surface area available for water absorption from the soil by a plant root system?

Stomata open when guard cells

Which of the following statements is False about bulk flow?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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