Question 1

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule is a thiol?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 2

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 3

The following questions refer to the structures shown in Figure 4.5.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-In which of the structures are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) C, D, and E only 
E) none of the structures 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) C, D, and E only 
E) none of the structures

Question 4

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Testosterone and estradiol are

Accepted Answer

A) nucleic acids. 
B) carbohydrates. 
C) proteins. 
D) phospholipids. 
E) steroids. 
A) nucleic acids. 
B) carbohydrates. 
C) proteins. 
D) phospholipids. 
E) steroids.

Question 5

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule is an organic phosphate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 6

Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) an alcohol such as ethanol 
B) a monosaccharide such as glucose 
C) a steroid such as testosterone 
D) an amino acid such as glycine 
E) a hydrocarbon such as benzene 
A) an alcohol such as ethanol 
B) a monosaccharide such as glucose 
C) a steroid such as testosterone 
D) an amino acid such as glycine 
E) a hydrocarbon such as benzene

Question 7

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 8

Early 19th-century scientists believed that living organisms differed from nonliving things as a result of possessing a "life force" that could create organic molecules from inorganic matter. The term given to this belief is

Accepted Answer

A) organic synthesis. 
B) vitalism. 
C) mechanism. 
D) organic evolution. 
E) inorganic synthesis. 
A) organic synthesis. 
B) vitalism. 
C) mechanism. 
D) organic evolution. 
E) inorganic synthesis.

Question 9

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6.
 A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
D. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$

B.

E. - SH
C.

-Which is a hydroxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the functional...

Question 10

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6.
 A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
D. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$

B.

E. - SH
C.

-Which is a functional group that helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the functional...

Question 11

Which functional groups can act as acids?

Accepted Answer

A) amine and sulfhydryl 
B) carbonyl and carboxyl 
C) carboxyl and phosphate 
D) hydroxyl and aldehyde 
E) ketone and amino 
A) amine and sulfhydryl 
B) carbonyl and carboxyl 
C) carboxyl and phosphate 
D) hydroxyl and aldehyde 
E) ketone and amino

Question 12

The following questions refer to the structures shown in Figure 4.5.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which of the structures contain(s)a carboxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) C and E 
E) none of the structures 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) C and E 
E) none of the structures

Question 13

Three or four of the following illustrations depict different structural isomers of the organic compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₄. For clarity, only the carbon skeletons are shown; hydrogen atoms that would be attached to the carbons have been omitted. Which one, if any, is NOT a structural isomer of this compound?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) Each of the illustrations in the other answer choices depicts a structural isomer of the compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₄. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) Each of the illustrations in the other answer choices depicts a structural isomer of the compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₄.

Question 14

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 15

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6.
 A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
D. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$

B.

E. - SH
C.

-Which is a carbonyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the functional...

Question 16

-Shown here in Figure 4.2 are the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are

Accepted Answer

A) geometric isotopes. 
B) enantiomers. 
C) geometric isomers. 
D) structural isomers. 
E) nonisotopic isomers. 
A) geometric isotopes. 
B) enantiomers. 
C) geometric isomers. 
D) structural isomers. 
E) nonisotopic isomers.

Question 17

Which of the following people's synthesis of this compound from inorganic starting materials provided evidence against vitalism?

Accepted Answer

A) Stanley Miller 
B) Jakob Berzelius 
C) Friedrich Wohler 
D) Hermann Kolbe 
E) August Kekulé 
A) Stanley Miller 
B) Jakob Berzelius 
C) Friedrich Wohler 
D) Hermann Kolbe 
E) August Kekulé

Question 18

Organic chemistry is a science based on the study of

Accepted Answer

A) functional groups. 
B) vital forces interacting with matter. 
C) carbon compounds. 
D) water and its interaction with other kinds of molecules. 
E) inorganic compounds. 
A) functional groups. 
B) vital forces interacting with matter. 
C) carbon compounds. 
D) water and its interaction with other kinds of molecules. 
E) inorganic compounds.

Question 19

Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A) the replacement of the OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen 
B) the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl 
C) the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate 
D) the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen 
E) the addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxyl 
A) the replacement of the OH of a carboxyl group with hydrogen 
B) the addition of a thiol to a hydroxyl 
C) the addition of a hydroxyl to a phosphate 
D) the replacement of the nitrogen of an amine with oxygen 
E) the addition of a sulfhydryl to a carboxyl

Question 20

Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?

Accepted Answer

A) an oxygen joined to a carbon by a single covalent bond 
B) a nitrogen and two hydrogens joined to a carbon by covalent bonds 
C) a carbon joined to two hydrogens by single covalent bonds 
D) a sulfur and a hydrogen joined to a carbon by covalent bonds 
E) a carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond 
A) an oxygen joined to a carbon by a single covalent bond 
B) a nitrogen and two hydrogens joined to a carbon by covalent bonds 
C) a carbon joined to two hydrogens by single covalent bonds 
D) a sulfur and a hydrogen joined to a carbon by covalent bonds 
E) a carbon atom joined to an oxygen by a double covalent bond

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule is a thiol?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of a ketone?

The following questions refer to the structures shown in Figure 4.5. A. B. C. D. E. -In which of the structures are the atoms bonded by ionic bonds?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Testosterone and estradiol are

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule is an organic phosphate?

Which of the following contains nitrogen in addition to carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule contains an amino functional group, but is not an amino acid?

Early 19th-century scientists believed that living organisms differed from nonliving things as a result of possessing a "life force" that could create organic molecules from inorganic matter. The term given to this belief is

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6. A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH D. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ B. E. - SH C. -Which is a hydroxyl functional group?

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6. A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH D. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ B. E. - SH C. -Which is a functional group that helps stabilize proteins by forming covalent cross-links within or between protein molecules?

Which functional groups can act as acids?

The following questions refer to the structures shown in Figure 4.5. A. B. C. D. E. -Which of the structures contain(s)a carboxyl functional group?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule can increase the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is therefore an organic acid?

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6. A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH D. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ B. E. - SH C. -Which is a carbonyl functional group?

-Shown here in Figure 4.2 are the structures of glucose and fructose. These two molecules are

Which of the following people's synthesis of this compound from inorganic starting materials provided evidence against vitalism?

Organic chemistry is a science based on the study of

Which action could produce a carbonyl group?

Which is the best description of a carbonyl group?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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