Question 1

Which of the following is a False statement concerning amino groups?

Accepted Answer

A) They are basic in pH. 
B) They are found in amino acids. 
C) They contain nitrogen. 
D) They are nonpolar. 
E) They are components of urea. 
A) They are basic in pH. 
B) They are found in amino acids. 
C) They contain nitrogen. 
D) They are nonpolar. 
E) They are components of urea.

Question 2

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s)do these molecules differ from each other?

Accepted Answer

A) Testosterone and estradiol are structural isomers but have the same molecular formula. 
B) Testosterone and estradiol are geometric isomers but have the same molecular formula. 
C) Testosterone and estradiol have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton. 
D) Testosterone and estradiol have distinctly different chemical structures, with one including four fused rings of carbon atoms, while the other has three rings. 
E) Testosterone and estradiol are enantiomers of the same organic molecule. 
A) Testosterone and estradiol are structural isomers but have the same molecular formula. 
B) Testosterone and estradiol are geometric isomers but have the same molecular formula. 
C) Testosterone and estradiol have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton. 
D) Testosterone and estradiol have distinctly different chemical structures, with one including four fused rings of carbon atoms, while the other has three rings. 
E) Testosterone and estradiol are enantiomers of the same organic molecule.

Question 3

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

A) The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. 
B) The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. 
C) They are hydrophilic. 
D) They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity. 
E) They are lighter than water. 
A) The majority of their bonds are polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. 
B) The majority of their bonds are nonpolar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages. 
C) They are hydrophilic. 
D) They exhibit considerable molecular complexity and diversity. 
E) They are lighter than water.

Question 4

How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 3 
E) 11 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 3 
E) 11

Question 5

Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:

Accepted Answer

A) structural isomers 
B) geometric isomers 
C) enantiomers 
D) isotopes 
A) structural isomers 
B) geometric isomers 
C) enantiomers 
D) isotopes

Question 6

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule functions to transfer energy between organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 7

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is True concerning this compound?

Accepted Answer

A) It lacks an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid. 
B) It should dissolve in water. 
C) It should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent. 
D) It won't form hydrogen bonds with water. 
E) It is hydrophobic. 
A) It lacks an asymmetric carbon, and it is probably a fat or lipid. 
B) It should dissolve in water. 
C) It should dissolve in a nonpolar solvent. 
D) It won't form hydrogen bonds with water. 
E) It is hydrophobic.

Question 8

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6.
 A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
D. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$

B.

E. - SH
C.

-Which is a carboxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the functional...

Question 9

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6.
 A. $- \mathrm { OH }$
D. $- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }$

B.

E. - SH
C.

-Which is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the functional...

Question 10

-The two molecules shown in Figure 4.1 are best described as

Accepted Answer

A) optical isomers. 
B) radioactive isotopes. 
C) structural isomers. 
D) nonradioactive isotopes. 
E) geometric isomers. 
A) optical isomers. 
B) radioactive isotopes. 
C) structural isomers. 
D) nonradioactive isotopes. 
E) geometric isomers.

Question 11

Figure 4.4  
-What is the name of the functional group shown in Figure 4.4?

Accepted Answer

A) carbonyl 
B) ketone 
C) aldehyde 
D) carboxyl 
E) hydroxyl 
A) carbonyl 
B) ketone 
C) aldehyde 
D) carboxyl 
E) hydroxyl

Question 12

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 8 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 8

Question 13

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) C?H? 
B) C?H? 
C) CH? 
D) C?H? 
E) C?H? 
A) C?H? 
B) C?H? 
C) CH? 
D) C?H? 
E) C?H?

Question 14

A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) carboxyl 
B) sulfhydryl 
C) hydroxyl 
D) amino 
E) phosphate 
A) carboxyl 
B) sulfhydryl 
C) hydroxyl 
D) amino 
E) phosphate

Question 15

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule is water soluble because it has a hydroxyl functional group?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 16

Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?

Accepted Answer

A) amino 
B) carbonyl 
C) carboxyl 
D) sulfhydryl 
E) aldehyde 
A) amino 
B) carbonyl 
C) carboxyl 
D) sulfhydryl 
E) aldehyde

Question 17

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule can function as a base?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Question 18

Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) carboxyl 
B) sulfhydryl 
C) hydroxyl 
D) amino 
A) carboxyl 
B) sulfhydryl 
C) hydroxyl 
D) amino

Question 19

Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that

Accepted Answer

A) have identical three-dimensional shapes. 
B) are mirror images of one another. 
C) lack an asymmetric carbon. 
D) differ in the location of their double bonds. 
E) differ in their electrical charge. 
A) have identical three-dimensional shapes. 
B) are mirror images of one another. 
C) lack an asymmetric carbon. 
D) differ in the location of their double bonds. 
E) differ in their electrical charge.

Question 20

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7.
 A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

-Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following questions refer to the molecules...

Exam 4: Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

Which of the following is a False statement concerning amino groups?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Testosterone and estradiol are male and female sex hormones, respectively, in many vertebrates. In what way(s)do these molecules differ from each other?

Why are hydrocarbons insoluble in water?

How many structural isomers are possible for a substance having the molecular formula C₄H₁₀?

Choose the term that correctly describes the relationship between these two sugar molecules:

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule functions to transfer energy between organic molecules?

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is True concerning this compound?

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6. A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH D. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ B. E. - SH C. -Which is a carboxyl functional group?

The following questions refer to the functional groups shown in Figure 4.6. A. −OH- \mathrm { OH }−OH D. −NH2- \mathrm { NH } _ { 2 }−NH2​ B. E. - SH C. -Which is an acidic functional group that can dissociate and release H+ into a solution?

-The two molecules shown in Figure 4.1 are best described as

Figure 4.4 -What is the name of the functional group shown in Figure 4.4?

How many electron pairs does carbon share in order to complete its valence shell?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which of the following hydrocarbons has a double bond in its carbon skeleton?

A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. Which of the following functional groups should be added to the molecule in order to do so?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule is water soluble because it has a hydroxyl functional group?

Amino acids are acids because they always possess which functional group?

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.8. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule can function as a base?

Which functional group is not present in this molecule?

Thalidomide and L-dopa, shown below, are examples of pharmaceutical drugs that occur as enantiomers, or molecules that

The following questions refer to the molecules shown in Figure 4.7. A. B. C. D. E. -Which molecule has a carbonyl functional group in the form of an aldehyde?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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